2026-09-25 13:00:48

Signed-off-by: lizzie <lizzie@eden-emu.dev>

src/android/app/src/main/java/org/yuzu/yuzu_emu/YuzuApplication.kt

@@ -16,12 +16,16 @@ import java.io.FileOutputStream
 import java.security.KeyStore
 import javax.net.ssl.TrustManagerFactory
 import javax.net.ssl.X509TrustManager
+import android.content.res.Configuration
+import android.os.LocaleList
+import org.yuzu.yuzu_emu.features.settings.model.IntSetting
 import org.yuzu.yuzu_emu.utils.DirectoryInitialization
 import org.yuzu.yuzu_emu.utils.DocumentsTree
 import org.yuzu.yuzu_emu.utils.GpuDriverHelper
 import org.yuzu.yuzu_emu.utils.Log
 import org.yuzu.yuzu_emu.utils.PowerStateUpdater
 import org.yuzu.yuzu_emu.utils.ControllerNavigationGlobalHook
+import java.util.Locale
 
 fun Context.getPublicFilesDir(): File = getExternalFilesDir(null) ?: filesDir
 
@@ -80,5 +84,38 @@ class YuzuApplication : Application() {
 
         val appContext: Context
             get() = application.applicationContext
+
+        private val LANGUAGE_CODES = arrayOf(
+            "system", "en", "es", "fr", "de", "it", "pt", "pt-BR", "ru", "ja", "ko",
+            "zh-CN", "zh-TW", "pl", "cs", "nb", "hu", "uk", "vi", "id", "ar", "ckb", "fa", "he", "sr"
+        )
+
+        fun applyLanguage(context: Context): Context {
+            val languageIndex = IntSetting.APP_LANGUAGE.getInt()
+            val langCode = if (languageIndex in LANGUAGE_CODES.indices) {
+                LANGUAGE_CODES[languageIndex]
+            } else {
+                "system"
+            }
+
+            if (langCode == "system") {
+                return context
+            }
+
+            val locale = when {
+                langCode.contains("-") -> {
+                    val parts = langCode.split("-")
+                    Locale.Builder().setLanguage(parts[0]).setRegion(parts[1]).build()
+                }
+                else -> Locale.Builder().setLanguage(langCode).build()
+            }
+
+            Locale.setDefault(locale)
+
+            val config = Configuration(context.resources.configuration)
+            config.setLocales(LocaleList(locale))
+
+            return context.createConfigurationContext(config)
+        }
     }
 }

src/android/app/src/main/java/org/yuzu/yuzu_emu/activities/EmulationActivity.kt

@@ -115,6 +115,10 @@ class EmulationActivity : AppCompatActivity(), SensorEventListener, InputManager
         mainHandler.postDelayed(romSwapStopTimeoutRunnable, ROM_SWAP_STOP_TIMEOUT_MS)
     }
 
+    override fun attachBaseContext(base: Context) {
+        super.attachBaseContext(YuzuApplication.applyLanguage(base))
+    }
+
     override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
         Log.gameLaunched = true
         ThemeHelper.setTheme(this)

src/android/app/src/main/java/org/yuzu/yuzu_emu/features/settings/model/IntSetting.kt

@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@ enum class IntSetting(override val key: String) : AbstractIntSetting {
     THEME("theme"),
     THEME_MODE("theme_mode"),
     STATIC_THEME_COLOR("static_theme_color"),
+    APP_LANGUAGE("app_language"),
     OVERLAY_SCALE("control_scale"),
     OVERLAY_OPACITY("control_opacity"),
     LOCK_DRAWER("lock_drawer"),

src/android/app/src/main/java/org/yuzu/yuzu_emu/features/settings/model/view/SettingsItem.kt

@@ -997,6 +997,15 @@ abstract class SettingsItem(
                     descriptionId = R.string.enable_qlaunch_button_description,
                 )
             )
+            put(
+                SingleChoiceSetting(
+                    IntSetting.APP_LANGUAGE,
+                    titleId = R.string.app_language,
+                    descriptionId = R.string.app_language_description,
+                    choicesId = R.array.appLanguageNames,
+                    valuesId = R.array.appLanguageValues
+                )
+            )
             put(
                 SwitchSetting(
                     BooleanSetting.RENDERER_DEBUG,

src/android/app/src/main/java/org/yuzu/yuzu_emu/features/settings/ui/SettingsActivity.kt

@@ -6,6 +6,8 @@
 
 package org.yuzu.yuzu_emu.features.settings.ui
 
+import android.content.Context
+import org.yuzu.yuzu_emu.YuzuApplication
 import android.os.Bundle
 import android.view.View
 import android.view.ViewGroup.MarginLayoutParams
@@ -27,6 +29,7 @@ import org.yuzu.yuzu_emu.features.input.NativeInput
 import org.yuzu.yuzu_emu.features.settings.utils.SettingsFile
 import org.yuzu.yuzu_emu.fragments.ResetSettingsDialogFragment
 import org.yuzu.yuzu_emu.utils.*
+import org.yuzu.yuzu_emu.utils.collect
 
 class SettingsActivity : AppCompatActivity() {
     private lateinit var binding: ActivitySettingsBinding
@@ -35,6 +38,10 @@ class SettingsActivity : AppCompatActivity() {
 
     private val settingsViewModel: SettingsViewModel by viewModels()
 
+    override fun attachBaseContext(base: Context) {
+        super.attachBaseContext(YuzuApplication.applyLanguage(base))
+    }
+
     override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
         ThemeHelper.setTheme(this)
 
@@ -141,6 +148,16 @@ class SettingsActivity : AppCompatActivity() {
                 NativeConfig.savePerGameConfig()
                 NativeConfig.unloadPerGameConfig()
             }
+
+            if (settingsViewModel.shouldRecreateForLanguageChange.value) {
+                settingsViewModel.setShouldRecreateForLanguageChange(false)
+                val relaunchIntent = packageManager?.getLaunchIntentForPackage(packageName)
+                if (relaunchIntent != null) {
+                    relaunchIntent.addFlags(android.content.Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_CLEAR_TASK or android.content.Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK)
+                    startActivity(relaunchIntent)
+                    android.os.Process.killProcess(android.os.Process.myPid())
+                }
+            }
         }
     }
 

src/android/app/src/main/java/org/yuzu/yuzu_emu/features/settings/ui/SettingsAdapter.kt

@@ -482,6 +482,14 @@ class SettingsAdapter(
             position
         ).show(fragment.childFragmentManager, SettingsDialogFragment.TAG)
 
+        // reset language if detected
+        if (item.setting.key == "app_language") {
+            // recreate page apply language change instantly
+            fragment.requireActivity().recreate()
+
+            settingsViewModel.setShouldRecreateForLanguageChange(true)
+        }
+
         return true
     }
 

src/android/app/src/main/java/org/yuzu/yuzu_emu/features/settings/ui/SettingsDialogFragment.kt

@@ -387,6 +387,12 @@ class SettingsDialogFragment : DialogFragment(), DialogInterface.OnClickListener
                 ) {
                     settingsViewModel.setShouldReloadSettingsList(true)
                 }
+
+                if (scSetting.setting.key == "app_language") {
+                    settingsViewModel.setShouldRecreateForLanguageChange(true)
+                    // recreate page apply language change instantly
+                    requireActivity().recreate()
+                }
             }
 
             is StringSingleChoiceSetting -> {

src/android/app/src/main/java/org/yuzu/yuzu_emu/features/settings/ui/SettingsFragmentPresenter.kt

@@ -1345,8 +1345,10 @@ class SettingsFragmentPresenter(
                 }
             }
 
+            add(HeaderSetting(R.string.app_settings))
+            add(IntSetting.APP_LANGUAGE.key)
+
             if (NativeLibrary.isUpdateCheckerEnabled()) {
-                add(HeaderSetting(R.string.app_settings))
                 add(BooleanSetting.ENABLE_UPDATE_CHECKS.key)
             }
 

src/android/app/src/main/java/org/yuzu/yuzu_emu/features/settings/ui/SettingsSubscreenActivity.kt

@@ -44,6 +44,10 @@ class SettingsSubscreenActivity : AppCompatActivity() {
 
     private val args by navArgs<SettingsSubscreenActivityArgs>()
 
+    override fun attachBaseContext(base: Context) {
+        super.attachBaseContext(YuzuApplication.applyLanguage(base))
+    }
+
     override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
         ThemeHelper.setTheme(this)
 

src/android/app/src/main/java/org/yuzu/yuzu_emu/features/settings/ui/SettingsViewModel.kt

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2026 Eden Emulator Project
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2025 Eden Emulator Project
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later
 
 // SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2023 yuzu Emulator Project
@@ -57,6 +57,9 @@ class SettingsViewModel : ViewModel() {
     private val _shouldShowResetInputDialog = MutableStateFlow(false)
     val shouldShowResetInputDialog = _shouldShowResetInputDialog.asStateFlow()
 
+    private val _shouldRecreateForLanguageChange = MutableStateFlow(false)
+    val shouldRecreateForLanguageChange = _shouldRecreateForLanguageChange.asStateFlow()
+
     private val _shouldShowPathPicker = MutableStateFlow(false)
     val shouldShowPathPicker = _shouldShowPathPicker.asStateFlow()
 
@@ -115,6 +118,10 @@ class SettingsViewModel : ViewModel() {
         _shouldShowResetInputDialog.value = value
     }
 
+    fun setShouldRecreateForLanguageChange(value: Boolean) {
+        _shouldRecreateForLanguageChange.value = value
+    }
+
     fun setShouldShowPathPicker(value: Boolean) {
         _shouldShowPathPicker.value = value
     }

src/android/app/src/main/java/org/yuzu/yuzu_emu/ui/main/MainActivity.kt

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 package org.yuzu.yuzu_emu.ui.main
 
 import android.content.Intent
+import android.content.Context
 import android.net.Uri
 import android.os.Bundle
 import android.view.View
@@ -70,6 +71,10 @@ class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity(), ThemeProvider {
     private val CHECKED_DECRYPTION = "CheckedDecryption"
     private var checkedDecryption = false
 
+    override fun attachBaseContext(base: Context) {
+        super.attachBaseContext(YuzuApplication.applyLanguage(base))
+    }
+
     override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
         val splashScreen = installSplashScreen()
         splashScreen.setKeepOnScreenCondition { !DirectoryInitialization.areDirectoriesReady }

src/android/app/src/main/jni/android_settings.h

@@ -59,6 +59,7 @@ namespace AndroidSettings {
         Settings::Setting<s32> static_theme_color{linkage, 0, "static_theme_color", Settings::Category::Android};
         Settings::Setting<bool> black_backgrounds{linkage, false, "black_backgrounds",
                                                   Settings::Category::Android};
+        Settings::Setting<s32> app_language{linkage, 0, "app_language", Settings::Category::Android};
         Settings::Setting<bool> enable_update_checks{linkage, true, "enable_update_checks",
                                                   Settings::Category::Android};
         Settings::Setting<bool> enable_folder_button{linkage, true, "enable_folder_button",

src/android/app/src/main/res/values/arrays.xml

@@ -409,6 +409,62 @@
         <item>2</item>
     </integer-array>
 
+    <string-array name="appLanguageNames">
+        <item>@string/app_language_system</item>
+        <item>@string/app_language_english</item>
+        <item>@string/app_language_spanish</item>
+        <item>@string/app_language_french</item>
+        <item>@string/app_language_german</item>
+        <item>@string/app_language_italian</item>
+        <item>@string/app_language_portuguese</item>
+        <item>@string/app_language_brazilian_portuguese</item>
+        <item>@string/app_language_russian</item>
+        <item>@string/app_language_japanese</item>
+        <item>@string/app_language_korean</item>
+        <item>@string/app_language_simplified_chinese</item>
+        <item>@string/app_language_traditional_chinese</item>
+        <item>@string/app_language_polish</item>
+        <item>@string/app_language_czech</item>
+        <item>@string/app_language_norwegian</item>
+        <item>@string/app_language_hungarian</item>
+        <item>@string/app_language_ukrainian</item>
+        <item>@string/app_language_vietnamese</item>
+        <item>@string/app_language_indonesian</item>
+        <item>@string/app_language_arabic</item>
+        <item>@string/app_language_central_kurdish</item>
+        <item>@string/app_language_persian</item>
+        <item>@string/app_language_hebrew</item>
+        <item>@string/app_language_serbian</item>
+        <item>@string/app_language_thai</item>
+    </string-array>
+    <integer-array name="appLanguageValues">
+        <item>0</item>
+        <item>1</item>
+        <item>2</item>
+        <item>3</item>
+        <item>4</item>
+        <item>5</item>
+        <item>6</item>
+        <item>7</item>
+        <item>8</item>
+        <item>9</item>
+        <item>10</item>
+        <item>11</item>
+        <item>12</item>
+        <item>13</item>
+        <item>14</item>
+        <item>15</item>
+        <item>16</item>
+        <item>17</item>
+        <item>18</item>
+        <item>19</item>
+        <item>20</item>
+        <item>21</item>
+        <item>22</item>
+        <item>23</item>
+        <item>24</item>
+    </integer-array>
+
     <string-array name="outputEngineEntries">
         <item>@string/auto</item>
         <item>@string/sdl3</item>

src/android/app/src/main/res/values/strings.xml

@@ -1281,6 +1281,36 @@
     <string name="enable_qlaunch_button">QLaunch</string>
     <string name="enable_qlaunch_button_description">Show the button to launch QLaunch</string>
 
+    <!-- App Language -->
+    <string name="app_language">App Language</string>
+    <string name="app_language_description">Change the language of the app interface</string>
+    <string name="app_language_system">Follow System</string>
+    <string name="app_language_english" translatable="false">English</string>
+    <string name="app_language_spanish" translatable="false">Español</string>
+    <string name="app_language_french" translatable="false">Français</string>
+    <string name="app_language_german" translatable="false">Deutsch</string>
+    <string name="app_language_italian" translatable="false">Italiano</string>
+    <string name="app_language_portuguese" translatable="false">Português</string>
+    <string name="app_language_brazilian_portuguese" translatable="false">Português do Brasil</string>
+    <string name="app_language_russian" translatable="false">Русский</string>
+    <string name="app_language_japanese" translatable="false">日本語</string>
+    <string name="app_language_korean" translatable="false">한국어</string>
+    <string name="app_language_simplified_chinese" translatable="false">简体中文</string>
+    <string name="app_language_traditional_chinese" translatable="false">繁體中文</string>
+    <string name="app_language_polish" translatable="false">Polski</string>
+    <string name="app_language_czech" translatable="false">Čeština</string>
+    <string name="app_language_norwegian" translatable="false">Norsk bokmål</string>
+    <string name="app_language_hungarian" translatable="false">Magyar</string>
+    <string name="app_language_ukrainian" translatable="false">Українська</string>
+    <string name="app_language_vietnamese" translatable="false">Tiếng Việt</string>
+    <string name="app_language_indonesian" translatable="false">Bahasa Indonesia</string>
+    <string name="app_language_arabic" translatable="false">العربية</string>
+    <string name="app_language_central_kurdish" translatable="false">کوردیی ناوەندی</string>
+    <string name="app_language_persian" translatable="false">فارسی</string>
+    <string name="app_language_hebrew" translatable="false">עברית</string>
+    <string name="app_language_serbian" translatable="false">Српски</string>
+    <string name="app_language_thai" translatable="false">แบบไทย</string>
+
     <!-- Static Themes -->
     <string name="static_theme_color">Theme Color</string>
     <string name="eden_theme">Eden</string>

src/common/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -76,7 +76,6 @@ add_library(
     logging.h
     lz4_compression.cpp
     lz4_compression.h
-    make_unique_for_overwrite.h
     math_util.h
     memory_detect.cpp
     memory_detect.h

src/common/make_unique_for_overwrite.h

@@ -1,27 +0,0 @@
-// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2022 yuzu Emulator Project
-// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
-
-#pragma once
-
-#include <memory>
-#include <type_traits>
-
-namespace Common {
-
-template <class T>
-    requires(!std::is_array_v<T>)
-std::unique_ptr<T> make_unique_for_overwrite() {
-    return std::unique_ptr<T>(new T);
-}
-
-template <class T>
-    requires std::is_unbounded_array_v<T>
-std::unique_ptr<T> make_unique_for_overwrite(std::size_t n) {
-    return std::unique_ptr<T>(new std::remove_extent_t<T>[n]);
-}
-
-template <class T, class... Args>
-    requires std::is_bounded_array_v<T>
-void make_unique_for_overwrite(Args&&...) = delete;
-
-} // namespace Common

src/common/scratch_buffer.h

@@ -8,8 +8,7 @@
 
 #include <iterator>
 #include <cstring>
-
+#include <memory>
-#include "common/make_unique_for_overwrite.h"
 
 namespace Common {
 
@@ -38,8 +37,9 @@ public:
     ScratchBuffer() = default;
 
     explicit ScratchBuffer(size_type initial_capacity)
-        : last_requested_size{initial_capacity}, buffer_capacity{initial_capacity},
+        : last_requested_size{initial_capacity}
-          buffer{Common::make_unique_for_overwrite<T[]>(initial_capacity)} {}
+        , buffer_capacity{initial_capacity}
+        , buffer{std::make_unique_for_overwrite<T[]>(initial_capacity)} {}
 
     ~ScratchBuffer() = default;
     ScratchBuffer(const ScratchBuffer&) = delete;
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ public:
     /// The previously held data will remain intact.
     void resize(size_type size) {
         if (size > buffer_capacity) {
-            auto new_buffer = Common::make_unique_for_overwrite<T[]>(size);
+            auto new_buffer = std::make_unique_for_overwrite<T[]>(size);
             std::memcpy(new_buffer.get(), buffer.get(), buffer_capacity * sizeof(T));
             buffer = std::move(new_buffer);
             buffer_capacity = size;
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ public:
     void resize_destructive(size_type size) {
         if (size > buffer_capacity) {
             buffer_capacity = size;
-            buffer = Common::make_unique_for_overwrite<T[]>(buffer_capacity);
+            buffer = std::make_unique_for_overwrite<T[]>(buffer_capacity);
         }
         last_requested_size = size;
     }

src/common/sparse_large_vector.cpp

@@ -8,7 +8,14 @@
 #ifdef _WIN32
 #include <windows.h>
 #include <mutex>
-#else
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <vector>
+#endif
+
+#include <cerrno>
+#include <cstring>
+
+#ifndef _WIN32
 #include <sys/mman.h>
 #endif
 
@@ -19,54 +26,60 @@
 namespace Common {
 
 #ifdef _WIN32
-static std::vector<std::pair<u64, u64>> vector_regions {};
 
-// Workaround for handling non-commited memory accessed by Dynarmic; usually result of an error
+struct VectorRegion {
+    u64 start_page;
+    u64 end_page;
+};
+
+static std::mutex& GetVectorRegionsMutex() {
+    static std::mutex* m = new std::mutex();
+    return *m;
+}
+
+static std::vector<VectorRegion>& GetVectorRegions() {
+    static std::vector<VectorRegion>* v = new std::vector<VectorRegion>();
+    return *v;
+}
+
 static LONG WINAPI FakePageFaultHandler(PEXCEPTION_POINTERS info) {
-    DWORD code = info->ExceptionRecord->ExceptionCode;
+    if (info->ExceptionRecord->ExceptionCode != EXCEPTION_ACCESS_VIOLATION) {
-    u64 exception_addr = reinterpret_cast<u64>(info->ExceptionRecord->ExceptionAddress);
-
-    if (code != EXCEPTION_ACCESS_VIOLATION) {
-        // Not our problem
         return EXCEPTION_CONTINUE_SEARCH;
     }
 
-    u64 addr = 0, addr2 = 0;
+    const u64 fault_addr = info->ExceptionRecord->ExceptionInformation[1];
+    const u64 access_type = info->ExceptionRecord->ExceptionInformation[0];
+    const bool is_write = (access_type == 1);
+    const u64 fault_page = fault_addr >> HostPageBits;
 
-    for (auto region: vector_regions) {
+    u64 addr = 0;
-        auto addr_shifted = exception_addr >> HostPageBits;
+    u64 addr2 = 0;
-        if (region.first <= addr_shifted && addr_shifted <= region.second) {
-            addr = addr_shifted;
-        }
 
-        // Page-boundary accesses
+    {
-        if (auto addr_ = (exception_addr + 0x40) >> HostPageBits; addr_ != addr_shifted && region.first <= addr_ && addr_ <= region.second) {
+        std::lock_guard lock(GetVectorRegionsMutex());
-            addr2 = addr_;
+        for (const auto& region : GetVectorRegions()) {
-        }
+            if (fault_page >= region.start_page && fault_page < region.end_page) {
-
+                addr = fault_page;
-        if (addr != 0 || addr2 != 0) {
+            }
-            break;
+            const u64 page2 = (fault_addr + 0x3F) >> HostPageBits;
+            if (page2 != fault_page && page2 >= region.start_page && page2 < region.end_page) {
+                addr2 = page2;
+            }
+            if (addr != 0 || addr2 != 0) break;
         }
     }
 
     if (addr == 0 && addr2 == 0) {
-        // Not our problem
         return EXCEPTION_CONTINUE_SEARCH;
     }
 
-    LOG_ERROR(HW_Memory, "Accessing an unallocated region of a SparseLargeVector at {:#x}; this shouldn't happen and is likely a Dynarmic error!", exception_addr);
+    LOG_ERROR(HW_Memory, "Accessing an unallocated region of a SparseLargeVector at {:#x}; this shouldn't happen and is likely a Dynarmic error!", fault_addr);
 
-    // Commit this region
+    if (addr != 0 && !CommitVectorPage(addr << HostPageBits, is_write)) {
-    if (addr != 0) {
+        return EXCEPTION_CONTINUE_SEARCH;
-        if (!CommitVectorPage(addr << HostPageBits, false)) {
-            return EXCEPTION_CONTINUE_SEARCH;
-        }
     }
-    // Commit next region if needed
+    if (addr2 != 0 && !CommitVectorPage(addr2 << HostPageBits, is_write)) {
-    if (addr2 != 0) {
+        return EXCEPTION_CONTINUE_SEARCH;
-        if (!CommitVectorPage(addr2 << HostPageBits, false)) {
-            return EXCEPTION_CONTINUE_SEARCH;
-        }
     }
 
     return EXCEPTION_CONTINUE_EXECUTION;
@@ -74,23 +87,31 @@ static LONG WINAPI FakePageFaultHandler(PEXCEPTION_POINTERS info) {
 
 bool CommitVectorPage(uintptr_t addr, bool write) noexcept {
     MEMORY_BASIC_INFORMATION info {};
-    auto res = VirtualQuery(reinterpret_cast<void*>(addr), &info, sizeof(info));
+    const auto res = VirtualQuery(reinterpret_cast<void*>(addr), &info, sizeof(info));
+    const DWORD perm = write ? PAGE_READWRITE : PAGE_READONLY;
+
     if (res == 0) {
         LOG_CRITICAL(HW_Memory, "Failed to query large buffer region at {:#x} with error {}, will try committing anyway", addr, GetLastError());
+    } else if (info.State == MEM_COMMIT) {
+        DWORD old_protect {};
+        if (!VirtualProtect(reinterpret_cast<void*>(addr), HostPageSize, perm, &old_protect)) {
+            LOG_ERROR(HW_Memory, "VirtualProtect failed at {:#x}, error {}", addr, GetLastError());
+            return false;
+        }
+        return true;
     } else if (info.State != MEM_RESERVE) {
-        LOG_ERROR(HW_Memory, "Tried to commit an unreserved large buffer region at {:#x} that is not mapped or is already committed (state {:#x})", addr, info.State);
+        LOG_ERROR(HW_Memory, "Tried to commit an unreserved large buffer region at {:#x} (state {:#x})", addr, info.State);
         return false;
     }
 
-    auto perm = write ? PAGE_READWRITE : PAGE_READONLY;
+    if (VirtualAlloc(reinterpret_cast<LPVOID>(addr), HostPageSize, MEM_COMMIT, perm) == nullptr) {
-    void* res2 = VirtualAlloc(reinterpret_cast<LPVOID>(addr), HostPageSize, MEM_COMMIT, perm);
-    if (res2 == nullptr) {
         LOG_ERROR(HW_Memory, "Failed to commit large buffer region at {:#x}, error {}", addr, GetLastError());
         return false;
     }
 
     return true;
 }
+
 #endif
 
 #ifndef MAP_NOCORE
@@ -102,56 +123,102 @@ bool CommitVectorPage(uintptr_t addr, bool write) noexcept {
 
 void DecommitVectorPage(uintptr_t base) noexcept {
 #if defined(_WIN32)
-    VirtualFree(reinterpret_cast<LPVOID>(base), HostPageSize, MEM_DECOMMIT);
+    if (!VirtualFree(reinterpret_cast<LPVOID>(base), HostPageSize, MEM_DECOMMIT)) {
+        LOG_WARNING(HW_Memory, "VirtualFree(MEM_DECOMMIT) failed at {:#x}, error {}", base, GetLastError());
+    }
 #elif defined(__linux__)
-    // Linux's MADV_DONTNEED zeros out pages for us
+    if (madvise(reinterpret_cast<void*>(base), HostPageSize, MADV_DONTNEED) != 0) {
-    madvise(reinterpret_cast<void*>(base), HostPageSize, MADV_DONTNEED);
+        LOG_WARNING(HW_Memory, "madvise(MADV_DONTNEED) failed at {:#x}: {}", base, std::strerror(errno));
+    }
 #else
-    madvise(reinterpret_cast<void*>(base), HostPageSize, MADV_FREE);
+    if (madvise(reinterpret_cast<void*>(base), HostPageSize, MADV_FREE) != 0) {
+        LOG_WARNING(HW_Memory, "madvise(MADV_FREE) failed at {:#x}: {}", base, std::strerror(errno));
+    }
     std::memset(reinterpret_cast<void*>(base), 0, HostPageSize);
 #endif
 }
 
 void* AllocateMemoryPages(std::size_t size) noexcept {
-    if (auto page = HostPageSize; size % page != 0) {
+    if (size == 0) {
+        return nullptr;
+    }
+
+    const auto page = HostPageSize;
+    if (size % page != 0) {
         LOG_WARNING(HW_Memory, "Allocating unaligned large vector with size {:#x}; aligning to {} page size", size, page);
+        if (size > SIZE_MAX - (page - 1)) {
+            LOG_CRITICAL(HW_Memory, "Size {:#x} would overflow page alignment", size);
+            return nullptr;
+        }
         size = AlignUp(size, page);
     }
 
 #ifdef _WIN32
-    // We will never use this memory entirely so instead of committing it up front let's just reserve it and commit each page individually
     void* base = VirtualAlloc(nullptr, size, MEM_RESERVE, PAGE_READWRITE);
 
     if (base != nullptr) {
-        vector_regions.emplace_back(reinterpret_cast<u64>(base), reinterpret_cast<u64>(base) + size);
+        {
+            std::lock_guard lock(GetVectorRegionsMutex());
+            GetVectorRegions().push_back({
+                reinterpret_cast<u64>(base) >> HostPageBits,
+                (reinterpret_cast<u64>(base) + size) >> HostPageBits,
+            });
+        }
 
         static std::once_flag flag;
         std::call_once(flag, []() { AddVectoredExceptionHandler(1, FakePageFaultHandler); });
     } else {
-        // Try committing everything instead??
         LOG_WARNING(HW_Memory, "Failed to reserve large vector region with error {}, trying to commit instead..", GetLastError());
         base = VirtualAlloc(nullptr, size, MEM_COMMIT, PAGE_READWRITE);
     }
     ASSERT_MSG(base, "Failed to reserve {:#x} sized region with error {}", size, GetLastError());
 #else
-    void* base = mmap(nullptr, size, PROT_READ, MAP_ANON | MAP_PRIVATE | MAP_NOCORE, -1, 0);
+    int flags = MAP_ANON | MAP_PRIVATE;
-    if (base == MAP_FAILED)
+#ifdef MAP_NORESERVE
-        base = nullptr;
+    flags |= MAP_NORESERVE;
-    ASSERT_MSG(base, "Failed to allocate {:#x} sized region with error {}", size, strerror(errno));
 #endif
+#if defined(MAP_NOCORE)
+    flags |= MAP_NOCORE;
+#endif
+    void* base = mmap(nullptr, size, PROT_READ, flags, -1, 0);
+    if (base == MAP_FAILED) {
+        base = nullptr;
+    }
+#ifdef MADV_HUGEPAGE
+    if (base != nullptr) {
+        madvise(base, size, MADV_HUGEPAGE);
+    }
+#endif
+    ASSERT_MSG(base, "Failed to allocate {:#x} sized region with error {}", size, std::strerror(errno));
+#endif
+
     return base;
 }
 
 void FreeMemoryPages(void* base, [[maybe_unused]] std::size_t size) noexcept {
-    if (auto page = HostPageSize; size % page != 0) {
+    if (base == nullptr) {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    if (const auto page = HostPageSize; size % page != 0) {
         size = AlignUp(size, page);
     }
-    if (!base)
+
-        return;
 #ifdef _WIN32
-    ASSERT(VirtualFree(base, 0, MEM_RELEASE));
+    {
+        std::lock_guard lock(GetVectorRegionsMutex());
+        auto& regions = GetVectorRegions();
+        const u64 base_page = reinterpret_cast<u64>(base) >> HostPageBits;
+        regions.erase(std::remove_if(regions.begin(), regions.end(),
+            [base_page](const VectorRegion& r) { return r.start_page == base_page; }), regions.end());
+    }
+    if (!VirtualFree(base, 0, MEM_RELEASE)) {
+        LOG_ERROR(HW_Memory, "VirtualFree failed, error {}", GetLastError());
+    }
 #else
-    ASSERT(munmap(base, size) == 0);
+    if (munmap(base, size) != 0) {
+        LOG_ERROR(HW_Memory, "munmap failed: {}", std::strerror(errno));
+    }
 #endif
 }
 

src/common/sparse_large_vector.h

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2026 Eden Emulator Project
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2026 Eden Emulator Project
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later
 
 /* virtual_buffer.h */
@@ -7,10 +7,14 @@
 
 #pragma once
 
+#include <array>
 #include <atomic>
 #include <bit>
-#include <utility>
+#include <cerrno>
-#include <vector>
+#include <cstdlib>
+#include <cstring>
+#include <memory>
+#include <type_traits>
 
 #ifndef _WIN32
 #include <unistd.h>
@@ -28,9 +32,9 @@ constexpr u64 HostPageBits = 12;
 constexpr u64 HostPageMask = ~(HostPageSize - 1);
 bool CommitVectorPage(uintptr_t addr, bool write) noexcept;
 #else
-const u64 HostPageSize = sysconf(_SC_PAGESIZE);
+inline const u64 HostPageSize = static_cast<u64>(sysconf(_SC_PAGESIZE));
-const u64 HostPageBits = std::countr_zero(HostPageSize);
+inline const u64 HostPageBits = std::countr_zero(HostPageSize);
-const u64 HostPageMask = ~(HostPageSize - 1);
+inline const u64 HostPageMask = ~(HostPageSize - 1);
 #endif
 
 void* AllocateMemoryPages(std::size_t size) noexcept;
@@ -43,20 +47,18 @@ template <typename T>
     // requires std::is_trivially_copyable_v<T>
 class SparseLargeVector final {
 public:
-    constexpr SparseLargeVector() = default;
+    SparseLargeVector() = default;
 
-    explicit SparseLargeVector(std::size_t count) noexcept
+    explicit SparseLargeVector(std::size_t count) noexcept {
-        : alloc_size{count * sizeof(T)}
+        if (count > SIZE_MAX / sizeof(T)) {
-    {
+            LOG_CRITICAL(Common_Memory, "SparseLargeVector size overflow: {} elements", count);
-        base_ptr = static_cast<T*>(AllocateMemoryPages(alloc_size));
+            return;
-
+        }
-        // each item in vector holds information for 64 pages
+        Allocate(count * sizeof(T));
-        auto denom = HostPageSize * 64;
-        committed_pages = std::vector<std::atomic<u64>>((alloc_size + denom - 1) / denom);
     }
 
     ~SparseLargeVector() noexcept {
-        FreeMemoryPages(base_ptr, alloc_size);
+        Release();
     }
 
     SparseLargeVector(const SparseLargeVector&) = delete;
@@ -65,145 +67,181 @@ public:
     SparseLargeVector& operator=(SparseLargeVector&& other) = delete;
 
     void ResizeAndClear(std::size_t count) noexcept {
-        if (auto const new_size = count * sizeof(T); new_size != alloc_size) {
+        if (count > SIZE_MAX / sizeof(T)) {
-            FreeMemoryPages(base_ptr, alloc_size);
+            LOG_CRITICAL(Common_Memory, "SparseLargeVector resize overflow: {} elements", count);
-            alloc_size = new_size;
+            return;
-            base_ptr = static_cast<T*>(AllocateMemoryPages(alloc_size));
-
-            auto denom = HostPageSize * 64;
-            committed_pages = std::vector<std::atomic<u64>>((alloc_size + denom - 1) / denom);
         }
+        const std::size_t new_size = count * sizeof(T);
+        if (new_size == alloc_size) {
+            ZeroRegion(0, alloc_size / sizeof(T));
+            return;
+        }
+        Release();
+        Allocate(new_size);
     }
 
-    /// Returns a reference to the value of the requested index and allocates memory if needed.
     T& GetAndFault(std::size_t index) noexcept {
-        if (index > alloc_size / sizeof(T)) {
+        if (base_ptr == nullptr || index >= size()) [[unlikely]] {
-            UNREACHABLE_MSG("Out of bounds RW access on SparseLargeVector @ {}", index);
+            LOG_CRITICAL(Common_Memory, "SparseLargeVector RW access out of bounds @ {} (size {})", index, size());
+            std::abort();
         }
-
+        const u64 byte_offset = static_cast<u64>(index) * sizeof(T);
-        if (!IsCommittedPage(index)) {
+        if (!CommitPage(byte_offset)) [[unlikely]] {
-            CommitPage(index);
+            LOG_CRITICAL(Common_Memory, "SparseLargeVector commit failed @ {} (offset {:#x})", index, byte_offset);
+            std::abort();
         }
         return base_ptr[index];
     }
 
-    /// Returns a reference to the value of the requested index if initialized, or will otherwise return a zero-initialized object.
+    const T& GetOrDefault(std::size_t index) const noexcept {
-    const T& GetOrDefault(std::size_t index) const {
+        if (base_ptr == nullptr || index >= size()) [[unlikely]] {
+            LOG_CRITICAL(Common_Memory, "SparseLargeVector RO access out of bounds @ {}", index);
+            return DefaultValue();
+        }
 #ifdef _WIN32
-        if (!IsCommittedPage(index)) {
+        if (!IsPageCommitted(static_cast<u64>(index) * sizeof(T))) {
-            return *reinterpret_cast<const T*>(&default_val);
+            return DefaultValue();
         }
 #endif
-        // On non-Windows, OS page table should optimize this by pointing to a zero page if unallocated.
         return base_ptr[index];
     }
 
     void Set(std::size_t index, const T& value) noexcept {
-        if (index > alloc_size / sizeof(T)) {
+        if (base_ptr == nullptr || index >= size()) [[unlikely]] {
-            LOG_CRITICAL(Common_Memory, "Out of bounds write on SparseLargeVector @ {}", index);
+            LOG_CRITICAL(Common_Memory, "SparseLargeVector write out of bounds @ {}", index);
+            return;
+        }
+        const u64 byte_offset = static_cast<u64>(index) * sizeof(T);
+        if (!CommitPage(byte_offset)) [[unlikely]] {
+            LOG_CRITICAL(Common_Memory, "SparseLargeVector commit failed for write @ {}", index);
             return;
         }
-        if (!IsCommittedPage(index))
-            CommitPage(index);
         base_ptr[index] = value;
     }
 
     void ZeroRegion(std::size_t start, std::size_t end_) noexcept {
-        u64 base = reinterpret_cast<u64>(&base_ptr[start]);
+        if (base_ptr == nullptr || start >= end_) return;
-        const u64 end = reinterpret_cast<u64>(&base_ptr[end_]);
 
-        const u64 end_page = AlignUp(base, HostPageSize);
+        const u64 start_off = static_cast<u64>(start) * sizeof(T);
-        const u64 first_size = (std::min)(end_page, end) - base;
+        const u64 end_off = static_cast<u64>(end_) * sizeof(T);
+        const u64 first_page_end = (start_off + HostPageSize - 1) & HostPageMask;
 
-        if (IsCommittedPage(start)) {
+        if (start_off < first_page_end) {
-            std::memset(reinterpret_cast<void*>(base), 0, first_size);
+            const u64 chunk_end = (std::min)(first_page_end, end_off);
+            const u64 chunk_size = chunk_end - start_off;
+            if (chunk_size != 0 && IsPageCommitted(start_off)) {
+                std::memset(reinterpret_cast<void*>(reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(base_ptr) + start_off), 0, chunk_size);
+            }
+            if (end_off <= first_page_end) return;
         }
 
-        if (end <= end_page)
+        for (u64 off = first_page_end; off < end_off; off += HostPageSize) {
-            return;
+            if (!IsPageCommitted(off)) continue;
-
+            const u64 remaining = end_off - off;
-        base = end_page;
+            if (remaining >= HostPageSize) {
-
+                DecommitPage(off);
-        for (u64 page = base; page < end; page += HostPageSize) {
-            auto index = (page - reinterpret_cast<u64>(base_ptr)) / sizeof(T);
-            if (!IsCommittedPage(index)) {
-                continue;
-            }
-
-            if (end - page >= HostPageSize) {
-                DecommitPage(index);
             } else {
-                std::memset(reinterpret_cast<void*>(page), 0, end - page);
+                std::memset(reinterpret_cast<void*>(reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(base_ptr) + off), 0, remaining);
             }
         }
     }
 
-    constexpr void CommitRegion(size_t index, size_t end_) {
+    void CommitRegion(std::size_t index, std::size_t end_) noexcept {
-        const u64 base = static_cast<u64>(index) * sizeof(T);
+        if (base_ptr == nullptr || index >= end_) return;
-        const u64 end = static_cast<u64>(end_) * sizeof(T);
+        const u64 start_off = static_cast<u64>(index) * sizeof(T);
-
+        const u64 end_off = static_cast<u64>(end_) * sizeof(T);
-        for (u64 page = AlignDown(base, HostPageSize); page < end; page += HostPageSize) {
+        const u64 start_page = start_off & HostPageMask;
-            if (!IsCommittedPage(page / sizeof(T))) {
+        for (u64 off = start_page; off < end_off; off += HostPageSize) {
-                CommitPage(page / sizeof(T));
+            if (!IsPageCommitted(off)) {
+                (void)CommitPage(off);
             }
         }
     }
 
-    constexpr T& GetUnchecked(size_t index) {
+    T& GetUnchecked(std::size_t index) noexcept { return base_ptr[index]; }
-        return base_ptr[index];
-    }
 
-    [[nodiscard]] constexpr const T& operator[](std::size_t index) const noexcept {
+    [[nodiscard]] const T& operator[](std::size_t index) const noexcept { return GetOrDefault(index); }
-        return GetOrDefault(index);
+    [[nodiscard]] const T* data() const noexcept { return base_ptr; }
-    }
+    [[nodiscard]] std::size_t size() const noexcept { return alloc_size / sizeof(T); }
-
-    [[nodiscard]] constexpr const T* data() const noexcept {
-        return base_ptr;
-    }
-
-    [[nodiscard]] constexpr std::size_t size() const noexcept {
-        return alloc_size / sizeof(T);
-    }
 
 private:
-    [[nodiscard]] constexpr bool IsCommittedPage(std::size_t index) const noexcept {
+    void Allocate(std::size_t new_size) noexcept {
-        if (index > alloc_size / sizeof(T)) {
+        alloc_size = new_size;
-            LOG_CRITICAL(Common_Memory, "Out of bounds access on large vector @ {}", index);
+        if (alloc_size == 0) {
+            base_ptr = nullptr;
+            committed_pages.reset();
+            return;
+        }
+        base_ptr = static_cast<T*>(AllocateMemoryPages(alloc_size));
+        const std::size_t num_pages = NumPages();
+        const std::size_t num_words = (num_pages + 63) / 64;
+        committed_pages = std::make_unique<std::atomic<u64>[]>(num_words);
+    }
+
+    void Release() noexcept {
+        if (base_ptr != nullptr) {
+            FreeMemoryPages(base_ptr, alloc_size);
+            base_ptr = nullptr;
+        }
+        committed_pages.reset();
+        alloc_size = 0;
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] u64 NumPages() const noexcept {
+        return (alloc_size + HostPageSize - 1) >> HostPageBits;
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] bool IsPageCommitted(u64 byte_offset) const noexcept {
+        const u64 page_index = byte_offset >> HostPageBits;
+        if (committed_pages == nullptr || page_index >= NumPages()) return false;
+        const auto val = committed_pages[page_index >> 6].load(std::memory_order_acquire);
+        return (val >> (page_index & 63)) & 1;
+    }
+
+    void SetPageBit(u64 page_index, bool value) noexcept {
+        if (committed_pages == nullptr) return;
+        const u64 bit = 1ULL << (page_index & 63);
+        auto& atom = committed_pages[page_index >> 6];
+        if (value) {
+            atom.fetch_or(bit, std::memory_order_release);
+        } else {
+            atom.fetch_and(~bit, std::memory_order_release);
+        }
+    }
+
+    bool CommitPage(u64 byte_offset) noexcept {
+        const u64 page_index = byte_offset >> HostPageBits;
+        const uintptr_t page_addr = (reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(base_ptr) + byte_offset) & HostPageMask;
+
+        if (IsPageCommitted(byte_offset)) return true;
+
+#if defined(_WIN32)
+        if (!CommitVectorPage(page_addr, true)) return false;
+#else
+        if (mprotect(reinterpret_cast<void*>(page_addr), HostPageSize, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE) != 0) {
+            LOG_ERROR(Common_Memory, "mprotect failed at {:#x}: {}", page_addr, std::strerror(errno));
             return false;
         }
-
-        auto page = (index * sizeof(T)) >> HostPageBits;
-        auto val = committed_pages[page >> 6].load(std::memory_order_acquire);
-        return (val >> (page & 63)) & 1;
-    }
-
-    constexpr void CommitPage(std::size_t index) noexcept {
-        auto page_index = (index * sizeof(T)) >> HostPageBits;
-        auto page = reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(base_ptr + index) & HostPageMask;
-#if defined(_WIN32)
-        CommitVectorPage(page, true);
-#else
-        mprotect(reinterpret_cast<void*>(page), HostPageSize, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE);
 #endif
-
+        SetPageBit(page_index, true);
-        committed_pages[page_index >> 6].fetch_or(1ULL << (page_index & 63), std::memory_order_release);
+        return true;
     }
 
-    constexpr void DecommitPage(std::size_t index) noexcept {
+    void DecommitPage(u64 byte_offset) noexcept {
-        auto page_index = (index * sizeof(T)) >> HostPageBits;
+        const u64 page_index = byte_offset >> HostPageBits;
-        auto page = reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(base_ptr + index) & HostPageMask;
+        const uintptr_t page_addr = (reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(base_ptr) + byte_offset) & HostPageMask;
+        DecommitVectorPage(page_addr);
+        SetPageBit(page_index, false);
+    }
 
-        committed_pages[page_index >> 6].fetch_and(~(1ULL << (page_index & 63)), std::memory_order_release);
+    [[nodiscard]] const T& DefaultValue() const noexcept {
-        DecommitVectorPage(page);
+        return *reinterpret_cast<const T*>(&default_val);
     }
 
     std::size_t alloc_size{};
     T* base_ptr{};
-
+    std::unique_ptr<std::atomic<u64>[]> committed_pages{};
-    std::vector<std::atomic<u64>> committed_pages{};
+    alignas(T) const std::array<u8, sizeof(T)> default_val{};
-#ifdef _WIN32
-    const std::array<u8, sizeof(T)> default_val{};
-#endif
 };
 
 } // namespace Common

src/core/file_sys/vfs/vfs_real.cpp

@@ -109,8 +109,7 @@ VirtualFile RealVfsFilesystem::OpenFileFromEntry(std::string_view path_, std::op
     auto reference = std::make_unique<FileReference>();
     this->InsertReferenceIntoListLocked(*reference);
 
-    auto file = std::shared_ptr<RealVfsFile>(
+    auto file = std::make_shared<RealVfsFile>(*this, std::move(reference), path, perms, size, std::move(parent_path));
-        new RealVfsFile(*this, std::move(reference), path, perms, size, std::move(parent_path)));
     cache[path] = file;
 
     return file;
@@ -177,7 +176,7 @@ bool RealVfsFilesystem::DeleteFile(std::string_view path_) {
 
 VirtualDir RealVfsFilesystem::OpenDirectory(std::string_view path_, OpenMode perms) {
     const auto path = FS::SanitizePath(path_, FS::DirectorySeparator::PlatformDefault);
-    return std::shared_ptr<RealVfsDirectory>(new RealVfsDirectory(*this, path, perms));
+    return std::make_shared<RealVfsDirectory>(*this, path, perms);
 }
 
 VirtualDir RealVfsFilesystem::CreateDirectory(std::string_view path_, OpenMode perms) {
@@ -185,7 +184,7 @@ VirtualDir RealVfsFilesystem::CreateDirectory(std::string_view path_, OpenMode p
     if (!FS::CreateDirs(path)) {
         return nullptr;
     }
-    return std::shared_ptr<RealVfsDirectory>(new RealVfsDirectory(*this, path, perms));
+    return std::make_shared<RealVfsDirectory>(*this, path, perms);
 }
 
 VirtualDir RealVfsFilesystem::CopyDirectory(std::string_view old_path_,

src/core/file_sys/vfs/vfs_real.h

@@ -82,6 +82,9 @@ class RealVfsFile : public VfsFile {
     friend class RealVfsFilesystem;
 
 public:
+    RealVfsFile(RealVfsFilesystem& base, std::unique_ptr<FileReference> reference,
+                const std::string& path, OpenMode perms = OpenMode::Read,
+                std::optional<u64> size = {}, std::optional<std::string> parent_path = {});
     ~RealVfsFile() override;
 
     std::string GetName() const override;
@@ -95,9 +98,6 @@ public:
     bool Rename(std::string_view name) override;
 
 private:
-    RealVfsFile(RealVfsFilesystem& base, std::unique_ptr<FileReference> reference,
-                const std::string& path, OpenMode perms = OpenMode::Read,
-                std::optional<u64> size = {}, std::optional<std::string> parent_path = {});
 
     RealVfsFilesystem& base;
     std::unique_ptr<FileReference> reference;
@@ -113,6 +113,8 @@ class RealVfsDirectory : public VfsDirectory {
     friend class RealVfsFilesystem;
 
 public:
+    RealVfsDirectory(RealVfsFilesystem& base, const std::string& path,
+                     OpenMode perms = OpenMode::Read);
     ~RealVfsDirectory() override;
 
     VirtualFile GetFileRelative(std::string_view relative_path) const override;
@@ -138,9 +140,6 @@ public:
     std::map<std::string, VfsEntryType, std::less<>> GetEntries() const override;
 
 private:
-    RealVfsDirectory(RealVfsFilesystem& base, const std::string& path,
-                     OpenMode perms = OpenMode::Read);
-
     template <typename T, typename R>
     std::vector<std::shared_ptr<R>> IterateEntries() const;
 

src/core/hle/service/am/window_system.cpp

@@ -517,7 +517,7 @@ void WindowSystem::UpdateAppletStateLocked(Applet* applet, bool is_foreground, b
     // Layer ordering. Composition sorts back-to-front. Now with enums for calrity.
     s32 z_index = Background;
     if (is_overlay) {
-        z_index = Overlay;
+        z_index = this->IsOverlayOpenLocked(*applet) ? Overlay : Background;
     } else if (inherited_foreground) {
         z_index = is_obscured ? Foreground : ForegroundVisible;
     }

src/core/hle/service/psc/ovln/receiver_service.cpp

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2025 Eden Emulator Project
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2026 Eden Emulator Project
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later
 
 // SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2024 yuzu Emulator Project
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ IReceiverService::~IReceiverService() = default;
 
 Result IReceiverService::OpenReceiver(Out<SharedPointer<IReceiver>> out_receiver) {
     LOG_DEBUG(Service_PSC, "called");
-    *out_receiver = std::shared_ptr<IReceiver>(new IReceiver(system));
+    *out_receiver = std::make_shared<IReceiver>(system);
     R_SUCCEED();
 }
 

src/hid_core/resources/npad/npad.cpp

@@ -45,6 +45,19 @@ NPad::NPad(Core::HID::HIDCore& hid_core_, KernelHelpers::ServiceContext& service
         AbstractPad{hid_core_.kernel},
     }}
 {
+    for (std::size_t aruid_index = 0; aruid_index < AruidIndexMax; ++aruid_index) {
+        for (std::size_t i = 0; i < controller_data[aruid_index].size(); ++i) {
+            auto& controller = controller_data[aruid_index][i];
+            controller.device = hid_core.GetEmulatedControllerByIndex(i);
+            Core::HID::ControllerUpdateCallback engine_callback{
+                .on_change = [this, i, kernel = &hid_core.kernel](Core::HID::ControllerTriggerType type) {
+                    ControllerUpdate(*kernel, type, i);
+                },
+                .is_npad_service = true,
+            };
+            controller.callback_key = controller.device->SetCallback(engine_callback);
+        }
+    }
     for (std::size_t i = 0; i < abstracted_pads.size(); ++i) {
         abstracted_pads[i].SetNpadId(IndexToNpadIdType(i));
     }
@@ -93,16 +106,6 @@ Result NPad::Activate(u64 aruid) {
     for (std::size_t i = 0; i < controller_data[aruid_index].size(); ++i) {
         auto& controller = controller_data[aruid_index][i];
         controller.shared_memory = &data->shared_memory_format->npad.npad_entry[i].internal_state;
-        controller.device = hid_core.GetEmulatedControllerByIndex(i);
-        if (!controller.callback_key) {
-            Core::HID::ControllerUpdateCallback engine_callback{
-                .on_change = [this, i](Core::HID::ControllerTriggerType type) {
-                    ControllerUpdate(hid_core.kernel, type, i);
-                },
-                .is_npad_service = true,
-            };
-            controller.callback_key = controller.device->SetCallback(engine_callback);
-        }
     }
 
     // Prefill controller buffers

src/video_core/buffer_cache/buffer_cache.h

@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ void BufferCache<P>::UnmapGPUMemory(size_t as_id, GPUVAddr gpu_addr, size_t size
 
 template <class P>
 void BufferCache<P>::WriteMemory(DAddr device_addr, u64 size) {
-    if (memory_tracker.IsRegionGpuModified(device_addr, size)) {
+    if (IsRegionGpuModified(device_addr, size)) {
         ClearDownload(device_addr, size);
         gpu_modified_ranges.Subtract(device_addr, size);
     }
@@ -311,11 +311,8 @@ std::pair<typename P::Buffer*, u32> BufferCache<P>::ObtainCPUBuffer(
         MarkWrittenBuffer(buffer_id, device_addr, size);
         break;
     case ObtainBufferOperation::DiscardWrite: {
-        const DAddr device_addr_start = Common::AlignDown(device_addr, 64);
+        ClearDownload(device_addr, size);
-        const DAddr device_addr_end = Common::AlignUp(device_addr + size, 64);
+        gpu_modified_ranges.Subtract(device_addr, size);
-        const size_t new_size = device_addr_end - device_addr_start;
-        ClearDownload(device_addr_start, new_size);
-        gpu_modified_ranges.Subtract(device_addr_start, new_size);
         break;
     }
     default:
@@ -1742,14 +1739,24 @@ bool BufferCache<P>::SynchronizeBuffer(Buffer& buffer, DAddr device_addr, u32 si
     u64 total_size_bytes = 0;
     u64 largest_copy = 0;
     const DAddr buffer_start = buffer.cpu_addr_cached;
-    memory_tracker.ForEachUploadRange(device_addr, size, [&](u64 device_addr_out, u64 range_size) {
+    const auto add_upload = [&](DAddr start, DAddr end) {
+        if (start == end) return;
+        const u64 range_size = end - start;
         upload_copies.push_back(BufferCopy{
             .src_offset = total_size_bytes,
-            .dst_offset = device_addr_out - buffer_start,
+            .dst_offset = start - buffer_start,
             .size = range_size,
         });
         total_size_bytes += range_size;
         largest_copy = (std::max)(largest_copy, range_size);
+    };
+    memory_tracker.ForEachUploadRange(device_addr, size, [&](u64 device_addr_out, u64 range_size) {
+        DAddr upload_start = device_addr_out;
+        gpu_modified_ranges.ForEachInRange(device_addr_out, range_size, [&](DAddr gpu_start, DAddr gpu_end) {
+            add_upload(upload_start, gpu_start);
+            upload_start = gpu_end;
+        });
+        add_upload(upload_start, device_addr_out + range_size);
     });
     if (total_size_bytes == 0) {
         return true;

src/video_core/dma_pusher.cpp

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
 namespace Tegra {
 
 constexpr u32 MacroRegistersStart = 0xE00;
-[[maybe_unused]] constexpr u32 ComputeInline = 0x6D;
+constexpr u32 ComputeInline = 0x6D;
 
 DmaPusher::DmaPusher(Core::System& system_, MemoryManager& memory_manager_, Control::ChannelState& channel_state_)
     : system{system_}
@@ -73,11 +73,16 @@ bool DmaPusher::Step() {
         synced = false;
     }
 
-    if (header.size > 0 && dma_state.method >= MacroRegistersStart && subchannels[dma_state.subchannel]) {
-        subchannels[dma_state.subchannel]->current_dirty = memory_manager.IsMemoryDirty(dma_state.dma_get, header.size * sizeof(u32));
-    }
-
     if (header.size > 0) {
+        if (subchannels[dma_state.subchannel] && dma_state.method_count) {
+            const auto engine = subchannel_type[dma_state.subchannel];
+            const bool kepler_payload = engine == Engines::EngineTypes::KeplerCompute && dma_state.method == ComputeInline && dma_state.non_incrementing;
+            const bool macro_payload = engine == Engines::EngineTypes::Maxwell3D && dma_state.method >= MacroRegistersStart;
+            if (kepler_payload || macro_payload) {
+                const size_t words = std::min<size_t>(dma_state.method_count, header.size);
+                subchannels[dma_state.subchannel]->current_dirty = memory_manager.IsMemoryDirty(dma_state.dma_get, words * sizeof(u32));
+            }
+        }
         const bool use_safe = Settings::IsDMALevelDefault() ? Settings::IsGPULevelHigh() : Settings::IsDMALevelSafe();
         if (use_safe) {
             Tegra::Memory::GpuGuestMemory<Tegra::CommandHeader, Tegra::Memory::GuestMemoryFlags::SafeRead>headers(memory_manager, dma_state.dma_get, header.size, &command_headers);

src/video_core/engines/kepler_compute.cpp

@@ -49,13 +49,16 @@ void KeplerCompute::CallMethod(Core::System& system, u32 method, u32 method_argu
     case KEPLER_COMPUTE_REG_INDEX(exec_upload): {
         UploadInfo info{.upload_address = upload_address,
                         .exec_address = upload_state.ExecTargetAddress(),
-                        .copy_size = upload_state.GetUploadSize()};
+                        .copy_size = upload_state.GetUploadSize(),
+                        .was_dirty = upload_dirty};
         uploads.push_back(info);
         upload_state.ProcessExec(regs.exec_upload.linear != 0);
         break;
     }
     case KEPLER_COMPUTE_REG_INDEX(data_upload): {
         upload_address = current_dma_segment;
+        upload_dirty = current_dirty;
+        current_dirty = false;
         upload_state.ProcessData(method_argument, is_last_call);
         break;
     }
@@ -64,9 +67,11 @@ void KeplerCompute::CallMethod(Core::System& system, u32 method, u32 method_argu
 
         for (auto& data : uploads) {
             const GPUVAddr offset = data.exec_address - launch_desc_loc;
-            if (offset / sizeof(u32) == LAUNCH_REG_INDEX(grid_dim_x) &&
+            if (offset / sizeof(u32) == LAUNCH_REG_INDEX(grid_dim_x)) {
-                memory_manager.IsMemoryDirty(data.upload_address, data.copy_size)) {
+                const bool source_dirty = memory_manager.IsMemoryDirty(data.upload_address, data.copy_size);
-                indirect_compute = {data.upload_address};
+                if (data.was_dirty || source_dirty) {
+                    indirect_compute = {data.upload_address};
+                }
             }
         }
         uploads.clear();
@@ -83,6 +88,8 @@ void KeplerCompute::CallMultiMethod(Core::System& system, u32 method, const u32*
     switch (method) {
     case KEPLER_COMPUTE_REG_INDEX(data_upload):
         upload_address = current_dma_segment;
+        upload_dirty = current_dirty;
+        current_dirty = false;
         upload_state.ProcessData(base_start, amount);
         return;
     default:

src/video_core/engines/kepler_compute.h

@@ -226,11 +226,13 @@ private:
     VideoCore::RasterizerInterface* rasterizer = nullptr;
     Upload::State upload_state;
     GPUVAddr upload_address;
+    bool upload_dirty{};
 
     struct UploadInfo {
         GPUVAddr upload_address;
         GPUVAddr exec_address;
         u32 copy_size;
+        bool was_dirty;
     };
     std::vector<UploadInfo> uploads;
     std::optional<GPUVAddr> indirect_compute{};

src/video_core/renderer_vulkan/present/layer.cpp

@@ -94,13 +94,13 @@ void Layer::ConfigureDraw(const Device& device, PresentPushConstants* out_push_c
     const u32 scaled_width = texture_info ? texture_info->scaled_width : texture_width;
     const u32 scaled_height = texture_info ? texture_info->scaled_height : texture_height;
     const bool use_accelerated = texture_info.has_value();
+    const bool is_applet =
+        (framebuffer.layer_stack_mask & Service::Nvnflinger::LayerStackBit(
+                                            Service::Nvnflinger::LayerStackId::Recording)) == 0;
 
     RefreshResources(device, framebuffer);
     SetAntiAliasPass(device);
 #ifdef HAS_RESHADE
-    const bool is_applet =
-        (framebuffer.layer_stack_mask & Service::Nvnflinger::LayerStackBit(
-                                            Service::Nvnflinger::LayerStackId::Recording)) == 0;
     SetPostProcessPass(device, is_applet);
 #endif
 
@@ -141,8 +141,11 @@ void Layer::ConfigureDraw(const Device& device, PresentPushConstants* out_push_c
         source_image_view = fsr->Draw(device, scheduler, image_index, source_image, source_image_view, render_extent, crop_rect);
         crop_rect = {0, 0, 1, 1};
     } else if (auto* sgsr = std::get_if<SGSR>(&sr_filter)) {
-        source_image_view = sgsr->Draw(device, scheduler, image_index, source_image, source_image_view, render_extent, crop_rect);
+        if (!is_applet) {
-        crop_rect = {0, 0, 1, 1};
+            source_image_view = sgsr->Draw(device, scheduler, image_index, source_image,
+                                           source_image_view, render_extent, crop_rect);
+            crop_rect = {0, 0, 1, 1};
+        }
     }
 
     SetMatrixData(device, *out_push_constants, layout);