[vulkan, spirv] Fall back to scalar warp intrinsics in the geometry stage when unsupported

Signed-off-by: lizzie <lizzie@eden-emu.dev>

- [x] I have read and followed the [Contribution Guidelines](https://git.eden-emu.dev/eden-emu/eden/src/branch/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#code-contributions).
- [x] I have read and followed the [AI Policy](https://git.eden-emu.dev/eden-emu/eden/src/branch/master/docs/policies/AI.md)
- [x] I have read and followed the [Coding Guidelines](https://git.eden-emu.dev/eden-emu/eden/src/branch/master/docs/policies/Coding.md) to the best of my ability.

-------------------

NSO build id was being read wrongly... oops
also fixed some minor issues as well

Reviewed-on: https://git.eden-emu.dev/eden-emu/eden/pulls/4323
Reviewed-by: Shinmegumi <shinmegumi@eden-emu.dev>
Reviewed-by: CamilleLaVey <camillelavey99@gmail.com>

dist/qt_themes/default/style.qss

@@ -509,6 +509,8 @@ QWidget#contentRichDialog QLabel#label_title_rich {
 }
 
 QWidget#contentDialog QLabel#label_dialog {
+    background: #2E2E2E;
+
     padding: 20px 65px;
 }
 

docs/Settings.md

@@ -43,6 +43,7 @@ This guide will walk you through adding a new boolean toggle setting to Eden's c
 Firstly add your desired toggle:
 
 Example: `src/common/setting.h`
+
 ```cpp
 SwitchableSetting<bool> your_setting_name{linkage, false, "your_setting_name", Category::RendererExtensions};
 ```
@@ -67,6 +68,7 @@ Common Categories:
 Add the toggle to the Qt UI, where you wish for it to appear and place it there.
 
 Example: `src/qt_common/config/shared_translation.cpp`
+
 ```cpp
 INSERT(Settings,
        your_setting_name,
@@ -91,6 +93,7 @@ INSERT(Settings,
 Add where it should be in the settings.
 
 Example: `src/android/app/src/main/java/org/yuzu/yuzu_emu/features/settings/model/BooleanSetting.kt`
+
 ```kts
 RENDERER_YOUR_SETTING_NAME("your_setting_name"),
 ```
@@ -106,6 +109,7 @@ RENDERER_YOUR_SETTING_NAME("your_setting_name"),
 Add the toggle to the Kotlin (Android) UI
 
 Example: `src/android/app/src/main/java/org/yuzu/yuzu_emu/features/settings/model/view/SettingsItem.kt`
+
 ```kts
 put(
     SwitchSetting(
@@ -123,6 +127,7 @@ put(
 Add your setting within the right category.
 
 Example: `src/android/app/src/main/java/org/yuzu/yuzu_emu/features/settings/ui/SettingsFragmentPresenter.kt`
+
 ```kts
 add(BooleanSetting.RENDERER_YOUR_SETTING_NAME.key)
 ```
@@ -137,6 +142,7 @@ add(BooleanSetting.RENDERER_YOUR_SETTING_NAME.key)
 Add your setting and description in the appropriate place.
 
 Example: `src/android/app/src/main/res/values/strings.xml`
+
 ```xml
 <string name="your_setting_name">Your Setting Display Name</string>
 <string name="your_setting_name_description">Detailed description of what this setting does. Explain any caveats, requirements, or warnings here.</string>
@@ -150,6 +156,7 @@ Now the UI part is done find a place in the code for the toggle,
 And use it to your heart's desire!
 
 Example:
+
 ```cpp
 const bool your_value = Settings::values.your_setting_name.GetValue();
 
@@ -196,25 +203,31 @@ Common advantages recap:
 
 #### Accessing Debug Knobs (dev side)
 
-Use the `Settings::getDebugKnobAt(u8 i)` function to check if a specific bit is set:
+Use the `Settings::GetDebugKnobAt(u8 i)` function to check if a specific bit is set:
 
 ```cpp
 //cpp side
 #include "common/settings.h"
 
+//To use it as a general purpose uint var:
+unsigned int debug_knobs = Settings::values.debug_knobs.GetValue();
+
 // Check if bit 0 is set
-bool feature_enabled = Settings::getDebugKnobAt(0);
+bool feature_enabled = Settings::GetDebugKnobAt(0);
 
 // Check if bit 15 is set
-bool another_feature = Settings::getDebugKnobAt(15);
+bool another_feature = Settings::GetDebugKnobAt(15);
 ```
 
 ```kts
 //kotlin side
 import org.yuzu.yuzu_emu.features.settings.model.Settings
 
+//To use it as a general purpose uint var
+val debug_knobs: Int = UShortSetting.DEBUG_KNOBS.getInt()
+
 // Check if bit x is set
-bool feature_enabled = Settings.getDebugKnobAt(x); //x as integer from 0 to 15
+bool feature_enabled = Settings.GetDebugKnobAt(x); //x as integer from 0 to 15
 ```
 
 The function returns `true` if the specified bit (0-15) is set in the `debug_knobs` value, `false` otherwise.
@@ -247,6 +260,7 @@ There are two main confusions when talking about knobs:
 Sometimes when an user reports: knobs 1 and 2 gets better performance, dev may get confuse whether he means the knobs 1 and 2 literally, or the 1st and 2nd knobs (knobs 0 and 1).
 
 Debug knobs are **zero-based**, which means:
+
 * The first knob is the knob(0) (or knob0 henceforth), and the last one is the 15 (knob15, likewise)
 * You can talk: "knob0 is enabled/disabled", "In this video i was using only knobs 0 and 2", etc.
 
@@ -259,6 +273,7 @@ Whenever you're instructing tests or reporting results, be precise about whether
 
 ALWAYS use the word in PLURAL (knobs), without mentioning which one, to refer to the setting, aka multiple knobs at once:
 Examples:
+
 - **knobs=0**: no knobs enabled
 - **knobs=1**: knob0 enabled, others disabled
 - **knobs=2**: knob1 enabled, others disabled
@@ -270,6 +285,7 @@ Examples:
 
 Use the word in SINGULAR (knob), or in plural but referring which ones, when meaning multiple knobs at once:
 Examples:
+
 - **knob0**: knob 0 enabled, others disabled
 - **knob1**: knob 1 enabled, others disabled
 - **knobs 0 and 1**: knobs 0 and 1 enabled, others disabled
@@ -282,12 +298,12 @@ Examples:
 
 ```cpp
 void SomeFunction() {
-    if (Settings::getDebugKnobAt(0)) {
+    if (Settings::GetDebugKnobAt(0)) {
         LOG_DEBUG(Common, "Debug feature 0 is enabled");
         // Additional debug code here
     }
   
-    if (Settings::getDebugKnobAt(1)) {
+    if (Settings::GetDebugKnobAt(1)) {
         LOG_DEBUG(Common, "Debug feature 1 is enabled");
         // Different debug behavior
     }
@@ -299,7 +315,7 @@ void SomeFunction() {
 ```cpp
 bool UseOptimizedPath() {
     // Skip optimization if debug bit 2 is set for testing
-    return !Settings::getDebugKnobAt(2);
+    return !Settings::GetDebugKnobAt(2);
 }
 ```
 
@@ -309,7 +325,7 @@ bool UseOptimizedPath() {
 void ExperimentalFeature() {
     static constexpr u8 EXPERIMENTAL_FEATURE_BIT = 3;
   
-    if (!Settings::getDebugKnobAt(EXPERIMENTAL_FEATURE_BIT)) {
+    if (!Settings::GetDebugKnobAt(EXPERIMENTAL_FEATURE_BIT)) {
         // Fallback to stable implementation
         StableImplementation();
         return;

src/android/app/src/main/java/org/yuzu/yuzu_emu/NativeLibrary.kt

@@ -220,7 +220,7 @@ object NativeLibrary {
 
     external fun refreshThreadPolicies()
 
-    external fun getDebugKnobAt(index: Int): Boolean
+    external fun GetDebugKnobAt(index: Int): Boolean
 
     /**
      * Set the current speed limit to the configured turbo speed.

src/android/app/src/main/java/org/yuzu/yuzu_emu/features/settings/model/Settings.kt

@@ -35,8 +35,8 @@ object Settings {
     fun getPlayerString(player: Int): String =
         YuzuApplication.appContext.getString(R.string.preferences_player, player)
 
-    fun getDebugKnobAt(index: Int): Boolean {
+    fun GetDebugKnobAt(index: Int): Boolean {
-        return org.yuzu.yuzu_emu.NativeLibrary.getDebugKnobAt(index)
+        return org.yuzu.yuzu_emu.NativeLibrary.GetDebugKnobAt(index)
     }
 
     const val PREF_FIRST_APP_LAUNCH = "FirstApplicationLaunch"

src/android/app/src/main/java/org/yuzu/yuzu_emu/features/settings/model/ShortSetting.kt

@@ -11,8 +11,7 @@ import org.yuzu.yuzu_emu.utils.NativeConfig
 enum class ShortSetting(override val key: String) : AbstractShortSetting {
     RENDERER_SPEED_LIMIT("speed_limit"),
     RENDERER_TURBO_SPEED_LIMIT("turbo_speed_limit"),
-    RENDERER_SLOW_SPEED_LIMIT("slow_speed_limit"),
+    RENDERER_SLOW_SPEED_LIMIT("slow_speed_limit")
-    DEBUG_KNOBS("debug_knobs")
     ;
 
     override fun getShort(needsGlobal: Boolean): Short = NativeConfig.getShort(key, needsGlobal)

src/android/app/src/main/java/org/yuzu/yuzu_emu/features/settings/model/UShortSetting.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2026 Eden Emulator Project
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later
+
+package org.yuzu.yuzu_emu.features.settings.model
+
+import org.yuzu.yuzu_emu.utils.NativeConfig
+
+enum class UShortSetting(override val key: String) : AbstractIntSetting {
+    DEBUG_KNOBS("debug_knobs")
+    ;
+
+    override fun getInt(needsGlobal: Boolean): Int =
+        NativeConfig.getUnsignedShort(key, needsGlobal)
+
+    override fun setInt(value: Int) {
+        if (NativeConfig.isPerGameConfigLoaded()) {
+            global = false
+        }
+        NativeConfig.setUnsignedShort(key, value)
+    }
+
+    override val defaultValue: Int by lazy { NativeConfig.getDefaultToString(key).toInt() }
+
+    override fun getValueAsString(needsGlobal: Boolean): String = getInt(needsGlobal).toString()
+
+    override fun reset() = NativeConfig.setUnsignedShort(key, defaultValue)
+}

src/android/app/src/main/java/org/yuzu/yuzu_emu/features/settings/model/view/SettingsItem.kt

@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ import org.yuzu.yuzu_emu.features.settings.model.IntSetting
 import org.yuzu.yuzu_emu.features.settings.model.LongSetting
 import org.yuzu.yuzu_emu.features.settings.model.ShortSetting
 import org.yuzu.yuzu_emu.features.settings.model.StringSetting
+import org.yuzu.yuzu_emu.features.settings.model.UShortSetting
 import org.yuzu.yuzu_emu.network.NetDataValidators
 import org.yuzu.yuzu_emu.utils.LosslessScalingHelper
 import org.yuzu.yuzu_emu.utils.NativeConfig
@@ -1034,7 +1035,7 @@ abstract class SettingsItem(
             )
             put(
                 SpinBoxSetting(
-                    ShortSetting.DEBUG_KNOBS,
+                    UShortSetting.DEBUG_KNOBS,
                     titleId = R.string.debug_knobs,
                     descriptionId = R.string.debug_knobs_description,
                     valueHint = R.string.debug_knobs_hint,

src/android/app/src/main/java/org/yuzu/yuzu_emu/features/settings/ui/SettingsFragmentPresenter.kt

@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@ import org.yuzu.yuzu_emu.features.settings.model.Settings
 import org.yuzu.yuzu_emu.features.settings.model.Settings.MenuTag
 import org.yuzu.yuzu_emu.features.settings.model.ShortSetting
 import org.yuzu.yuzu_emu.features.settings.model.StringSetting
+import org.yuzu.yuzu_emu.features.settings.model.UShortSetting
 import org.yuzu.yuzu_emu.features.settings.model.view.*
 import org.yuzu.yuzu_emu.utils.InputHandler
 import org.yuzu.yuzu_emu.utils.LosslessScalingHelper
@@ -1326,7 +1327,7 @@ class SettingsFragmentPresenter(
 
             add(HeaderSetting(R.string.general))
 
-            add(ShortSetting.DEBUG_KNOBS.key)
+            add(UShortSetting.DEBUG_KNOBS.key)
             add(StringSetting.PROGRAM_ARGS.key)
 
             if (!NativeConfig.isPerGameConfigLoaded()) {

src/android/app/src/main/java/org/yuzu/yuzu_emu/utils/NativeConfig.kt

@@ -80,6 +80,12 @@ object NativeConfig {
     @Synchronized
     external fun setShort(key: String, value: Short)
 
+    @Synchronized
+    external fun getUnsignedShort(key: String, needsGlobal: Boolean): Int
+
+    @Synchronized
+    external fun setUnsignedShort(key: String, value: Int)
+
     @Synchronized
     external fun getInt(key: String, needsGlobal: Boolean): Int
 

src/android/app/src/main/jni/native.cpp

@@ -1300,8 +1300,8 @@ void Java_org_yuzu_yuzu_1emu_NativeLibrary_refreshThreadPolicies(JNIEnv* env, jo
     Common::RefreshThreadPolicies();
 }
 
-jboolean Java_org_yuzu_yuzu_1emu_NativeLibrary_getDebugKnobAt(JNIEnv* env, jobject jobj, jint index) {
+jboolean Java_org_yuzu_yuzu_1emu_NativeLibrary_GetDebugKnobAt(JNIEnv* env, jobject jobj, jint index) {
-    return static_cast<jboolean>(Settings::getDebugKnobAt(static_cast<u8>(index)));
+    return static_cast<jboolean>(Settings::GetDebugKnobAt(static_cast<u8>(index)));
 }
 
 void Java_org_yuzu_yuzu_1emu_NativeLibrary_setTurboSpeedLimit(JNIEnv *env, jobject jobj, jboolean enabled) {

src/android/app/src/main/jni/native_config.cpp

@@ -130,6 +130,25 @@ void Java_org_yuzu_yuzu_1emu_utils_NativeConfig_setShort(JNIEnv* env, jobject ob
     setting->SetValue(value);
 }
 
+jint Java_org_yuzu_yuzu_1emu_utils_NativeConfig_getUnsignedShort(JNIEnv* env, jobject obj,
+                                                                 jstring jkey,
+                                                                 jboolean needGlobal) {
+    auto setting = getSetting<u16>(env, jkey);
+    if (setting == nullptr) {
+        return -1;
+    }
+    return static_cast<jint>(setting->GetValue(static_cast<bool>(needGlobal)));
+}
+
+void Java_org_yuzu_yuzu_1emu_utils_NativeConfig_setUnsignedShort(JNIEnv* env, jobject obj,
+                                                                  jstring jkey, jint value) {
+    auto setting = getSetting<u16>(env, jkey);
+    if (setting == nullptr) {
+        return;
+    }
+    setting->SetValue(static_cast<u16>(value));
+}
+
 jint Java_org_yuzu_yuzu_1emu_utils_NativeConfig_getInt(JNIEnv* env, jobject obj, jstring jkey,
                                                        jboolean needGlobal) {
     auto setting = getSetting<int>(env, jkey);

src/common/logging.cpp

@@ -329,7 +329,7 @@ struct LogcatBackend : public Backend {
             }
         }();
         auto const df = GetDirectFormatArgs(entry);
-        __android_log_print(android_log_priority, "YuzuNative", CCB_PRINTF_FMT, df.time_seconds, df.time_fractional, df.class_name, df.level_name, entry.filename, entry.line_num, entry.function, entry.message);
+        __android_log_print(android_log_priority, "YuzuNative", "%s %s:%u:%s: %s", df.class_name, entry.filename, entry.line_num, entry.function, entry.message);
     }
     void Flush() noexcept override {}
 };
@@ -428,21 +428,33 @@ void FmtLogMessageImpl(Class log_class, Level log_level, const char* filename, u
         auto const flush = ::Settings::values.log_flush_line.GetValue();
         char buffer[BUFSIZ];
         auto result = fmt::vformat_to_n(buffer, sizeof(buffer) - 1, format, args);
-        buffer[(std::min)(result.size, sizeof(buffer) - 1)] = '\0';
+        Entry e{
-        logging_instance->ForEachBackend([=](Backend& backend) {
+            .message = nullptr,
-            backend.Write(Entry{
+            .message_len = 0,
-                .message = buffer,
-                .message_len = (std::min)(result.size, sizeof(buffer) - 1),
             .timestamp = std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::microseconds>(std::chrono::steady_clock::now() - logging_instance->time_origin),
             .log_class = log_class,
             .log_level = log_level,
             .filename = TrimSourcePath(filename),
             .function = function,
             .line_num = line_num,
+        };
+        if (result.size <= sizeof(buffer) - 1) {
+            buffer[(std::min)(result.size, sizeof(buffer) - 1)] = '\0';
+            e.message = buffer;
+            e.message_len = (std::min)(result.size, sizeof(buffer) - 1);
+            logging_instance->ForEachBackend([=](Backend& backend) {
+                backend.Write(e);
+                if (flush) backend.Flush();
             });
-            if (flush)
+        } else {
-                backend.Flush();
+            std::string s = fmt::vformat(format, args);
+            e.message = s.c_str();
+            e.message_len = s.size();
+            logging_instance->ForEachBackend([=](Backend& backend) {
+                backend.Write(e);
+                if (flush) backend.Flush();
             });
         }
+    }
 }
 } // namespace Common::Log

src/common/settings.cpp

@@ -126,9 +126,9 @@ void LogSettings() {
                     setting->UsingGlobal() ? '-' : 'C', TranslateCategory(category),
                     setting->GetLabel());
                 if (is_default)
-                    settings_list.push_back(fmt::format("{}: {}\n", name, setting->Canonicalize()));
+                    settings_list.push_back(fmt::format("{}: {}", name, setting->Canonicalize()));
                 else
-                    settings_list.push_front(fmt::format("{}: {}\n", name, setting->Canonicalize()));
+                    settings_list.push_front(fmt::format("{}: {}", name, setting->Canonicalize()));
             }
         }
     }
@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ void LogSettings() {
 #undef LOG_PATH
 }
 
-bool getDebugKnobAt(u8 i) {
+bool GetDebugKnobAt(u8 i) {
     return (values.debug_knobs.GetValue() & (1 << (i & 0xF))) != 0;
 }
 

src/common/settings.h

@@ -904,7 +904,7 @@ struct Values {
                                            0,
                                            65535,
                                            "debug_knobs",
-                                           Category::Debugging,
+                                           Category::System,
                                            Specialization::Countable,
                                            true,
                                            true};
@@ -947,7 +947,7 @@ constexpr u32 MAX_FRAME_GEN_MULTIPLIER = 4;
 
 [[nodiscard]] size_t FrameGenMaxGenerations();
 
-bool getDebugKnobAt(u8 i);
+bool GetDebugKnobAt(u8 i);
 
 void UpdateGPUAccuracy();
 bool IsGPULevelHigh();

src/core/file_sys/ips_layer.cpp

@@ -3,10 +3,12 @@
 
 #include <algorithm>
 #include <cstring>
-#include <map>
 #include <sstream>
 #include <string>
 #include <utility>
+#include <span>
+#include <cctype>
+#include <ankerl/unordered_dense.h>
 
 #include "common/hex_util.h"
 #include "common/logging.h"
@@ -22,61 +24,30 @@ enum class IPSFileType {
     Error,
 };
 
-constexpr std::array<std::pair<const char*, const char*>, 11> ESCAPE_CHARACTER_MAP{{
+static IPSFileType IdentifyMagic(std::span<const u8> magic) {
-    {"\\a", "\a"},
+    if (magic.size() >= 5) {
-    {"\\b", "\b"},
+        if (std::memcmp(magic.data(), "PATCH", 5) == 0)
-    {"\\f", "\f"},
-    {"\\n", "\n"},
-    {"\\r", "\r"},
-    {"\\t", "\t"},
-    {"\\v", "\v"},
-    {"\\\\", "\\"},
-    {"\\\'", "\'"},
-    {"\\\"", "\""},
-    {"\\\?", "\?"},
-}};
-
-static IPSFileType IdentifyMagic(const std::vector<u8>& magic) {
-    if (magic.size() != 5) {
-        return IPSFileType::Error;
-    }
-
-    static constexpr std::array<u8, 5> patch_magic{{'P', 'A', 'T', 'C', 'H'}};
-    if (std::equal(magic.begin(), magic.end(), patch_magic.begin())) {
             return IPSFileType::IPS;
-    }
+        if (std::memcmp(magic.data(), "IPS32", 5) == 0)
-
-    static constexpr std::array<u8, 5> ips32_magic{{'I', 'P', 'S', '3', '2'}};
-    if (std::equal(magic.begin(), magic.end(), ips32_magic.begin())) {
             return IPSFileType::IPS32;
     }
-
     return IPSFileType::Error;
 }
 
-static bool IsEOF(IPSFileType type, const std::vector<u8>& data) {
+static bool IsEOF(IPSFileType type, std::span<const u8> magic) {
-    static constexpr std::array<u8, 3> eof{{'E', 'O', 'F'}};
+    return (type == IPSFileType::IPS && magic.size() > 3 && std::memcmp(magic.data(), "EOF", 3) == 0)
-    if (type == IPSFileType::IPS && std::equal(data.begin(), data.end(), eof.begin())) {
+        || (type == IPSFileType::IPS32 && magic.size() > 4 && std::memcmp(magic.data(), "EEOF", 4) == 0);
-        return true;
-    }
-
-    static constexpr std::array<u8, 4> eeof{{'E', 'E', 'O', 'F'}};
-    return type == IPSFileType::IPS32 && std::equal(data.begin(), data.end(), eeof.begin());
 }
 
 VirtualFile PatchIPS(const VirtualFile& in, const VirtualFile& ips) {
     if (in == nullptr || ips == nullptr)
         return nullptr;
 
-    const auto type = IdentifyMagic(ips->ReadBytes(0x5));
+    auto in_data = in->ReadAllBytes();
+    auto const type = IdentifyMagic(in_data);
     if (type == IPSFileType::Error)
         return nullptr;
 
-    auto in_data = in->ReadAllBytes();
-    if (in_data.size() == 0) {
-        return nullptr;
-    }
-
     std::vector<u8> temp(type == IPSFileType::IPS ? 3 : 4);
     u64 offset = 5; // After header
     while (ips->Read(temp.data(), temp.size(), offset) == temp.size()) {
@@ -85,12 +56,9 @@ VirtualFile PatchIPS(const VirtualFile& in, const VirtualFile& ips) {
             break;
         }
 
-        u32 real_offset{};
+        u32 real_offset = (type == IPSFileType::IPS32)
-        if (type == IPSFileType::IPS32)
+            ? ((temp[0] << 24) | (temp[1] << 16) | (temp[2] << 8) | temp[3])
-            real_offset = (temp[0] << 24) | (temp[1] << 16) | (temp[2] << 8) | temp[3];
+            : ((temp[0] << 16) | (temp[1] << 8) | temp[2]);
-        else
-            real_offset = (temp[0] << 16) | (temp[1] << 8) | temp[2];
-
         if (real_offset > in_data.size()) {
             return nullptr;
         }
@@ -113,34 +81,35 @@ VirtualFile PatchIPS(const VirtualFile& in, const VirtualFile& ips) {
                 return nullptr;
 
             if (real_offset + rle_size > in_data.size())
-                rle_size = static_cast<u16>(in_data.size() - real_offset);
+                rle_size = u16(in_data.size() - real_offset);
             std::memset(in_data.data() + real_offset, *data, rle_size);
         } else { // Standard Patch
             auto read = data_size;
             if (real_offset + read > in_data.size())
-                read = static_cast<u16>(in_data.size() - real_offset);
+                read = u16(in_data.size() - real_offset);
             if (ips->Read(in_data.data() + real_offset, read, offset) != data_size)
                 return nullptr;
             offset += data_size;
         }
     }
-
+    if (IsEOF(type, temp)) {
-    if (!IsEOF(type, temp)) {
+        return std::make_shared<VectorVfsFile>(std::move(in_data), in->GetName(), in->GetContainingDirectory());
-        return nullptr;
     }
-
+    return nullptr;
-    return std::make_shared<VectorVfsFile>(std::move(in_data), in->GetName(),
-                                           in->GetContainingDirectory());
 }
 
+
+struct IPSwitchRecord {
+    std::array<uint8_t, 256 - sizeof(size_t)> data;
+    size_t count;
+};
 struct IPSwitchCompiler::IPSwitchPatch {
-    std::string name;
+    ankerl::unordered_dense::map<u32, IPSwitchRecord> records;
     bool enabled;
-    std::map<u32, std::vector<u8>> records;
 };
 
 IPSwitchCompiler::IPSwitchCompiler(VirtualFile patch_text_) : patch_text(std::move(patch_text_)) {
-    Parse();
+    Parse(patch_text->ReadAllBytes());
 }
 
 IPSwitchCompiler::~IPSwitchCompiler() = default;
@@ -149,201 +118,185 @@ std::array<u8, 32> IPSwitchCompiler::GetBuildID() const {
     return nso_build_id;
 }
 
-bool IPSwitchCompiler::IsValid() const {
+static IPSwitchRecord EscapeStringSequences(std::string_view sv) {
-    return valid;
+    IPSwitchRecord r{};
-}
+    for (auto it = sv.cbegin(); it != sv.cend(); ) {
-
+        if (*it == '\\' && it + 1 < sv.cend()) {
-static bool StartsWith(std::string_view base, std::string_view check) {
+            switch (it[1]) {
-    return base.size() >= check.size() && base.substr(0, check.size()) == check;
+            case 'a': r.data[r.count] = '\a'; break;
-}
+            case 'b': r.data[r.count] = '\b'; break;
-
+            case 'e': r.data[r.count] = '\e'; break;
-static std::string EscapeStringSequences(std::string in) {
+            case 'f': r.data[r.count] = '\f'; break;
-    for (const auto& seq : ESCAPE_CHARACTER_MAP) {
+            case 'n': r.data[r.count] = '\n'; break;
-        for (auto index = in.find(seq.first); index != std::string::npos;
+            case 'r': r.data[r.count] = '\r'; break;
-             index = in.find(seq.first, index)) {
+            case 't': r.data[r.count] = '\t'; break;
-            in.replace(index, std::strlen(seq.first), seq.second);
+            case 'v': r.data[r.count] = '\v'; break;
-            index += std::strlen(seq.second);
+            case '?': r.data[r.count] = '\?'; break;
+            default: r.data[r.count] = it[1]; break;
             }
-    }
+            ++r.count;
-
+            it += 2;
-    return in;
-}
-
-void IPSwitchCompiler::ParseFlag(const std::string& line) {
-    if (StartsWith(line, "@flag offset_shift ")) {
-        // Offset Shift Flag
-        offset_shift = std::strtoll(line.substr(19).c_str(), nullptr, 0);
-    } else if (StartsWith(line, "@little-endian")) {
-        // Set values to read as little endian
-        is_little_endian = true;
-    } else if (StartsWith(line, "@big-endian")) {
-        // Set values to read as big endian
-        is_little_endian = false;
-    } else if (StartsWith(line, "@flag print_values")) {
-        // Force printing of applied values
-        print_values = true;
-    }
-}
-
-void IPSwitchCompiler::Parse() {
-    const auto bytes = patch_text->ReadAllBytes();
-    std::stringstream s;
-    s.write(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(bytes.data()), bytes.size());
-
-    std::vector<std::string> lines;
-    std::string stream_line;
-    while (std::getline(s, stream_line)) {
-        // Remove a trailing \r
-        if (!stream_line.empty() && stream_line.back() == '\r')
-            stream_line.pop_back();
-        lines.push_back(std::move(stream_line));
-    }
-
-    for (std::size_t i = 0; i < lines.size(); ++i) {
-        auto line = lines[i];
-
-        // Remove midline comments
-        std::size_t comment_index = std::string::npos;
-        bool within_string = false;
-        for (std::size_t k = 0; k < line.size(); ++k) {
-            if (line[k] == '\"' && (k > 0 && line[k - 1] != '\\')) {
-                within_string = !within_string;
-            } else if (line[k] == '\\' && (k < line.size() - 1 && line[k + 1] == '\\')) {
-                comment_index = k;
-                break;
-            }
-        }
-
-        if (!StartsWith(line, "//") && comment_index != std::string::npos) {
-            last_comment = line.substr(comment_index + 2);
-            line = line.substr(0, comment_index);
-        }
-
-        if (StartsWith(line, "@stop")) {
-            // Force stop
-            break;
-        } else if (StartsWith(line, "@nsobid-")) {
-            // NSO Build ID Specifier
-            const auto raw_build_id = fmt::format("{:0<64}", line.substr(8));
-            nso_build_id = Common::HexStringToArray<0x20>(raw_build_id);
-        } else if (StartsWith(line, "#")) {
-            // Mandatory Comment
-            LOG_INFO(Loader, "[IPSwitchCompiler ('{}')] Forced output comment: {}",
-                     patch_text->GetName(), line.substr(1));
-        } else if (StartsWith(line, "//")) {
-            // Normal Comment
-            last_comment = line.substr(2);
-            if (last_comment.find_first_not_of(' ') == std::string::npos)
-                continue;
-            if (last_comment.find_first_not_of(' ') != 0)
-                last_comment = last_comment.substr(last_comment.find_first_not_of(' '));
-        } else if (StartsWith(line, "@enabled") || StartsWith(line, "@disabled")) {
-            // Start of patch
-            const auto enabled = StartsWith(line, "@enabled");
-            if (i == 0)
-                return;
-            LOG_INFO(Loader, "[IPSwitchCompiler ('{}')] Parsing patch '{}' ({})",
-                     patch_text->GetName(), last_comment, line.substr(1));
-
-            IPSwitchPatch patch{last_comment, enabled, {}};
-
-            // Read rest of patch
-            while (true) {
-                if (i + 1 >= lines.size()) {
-                    break;
-                }
-
-                const auto& patch_line = lines[++i];
-
-                // Patch line may contain comments
-                if (StartsWith(patch_line, "//") || StartsWith(patch_line, "#")) {
-                    continue;
-                }
-
-                // Start of new patch
-                if (StartsWith(patch_line, "@enabled") || StartsWith(patch_line, "@disabled")) {
-                    --i;
-                    break;
-                }
-
-                // Check for a flag
-                if (StartsWith(patch_line, "@")) {
-                    ParseFlag(patch_line);
-                    continue;
-                }
-
-                // 11 - 8 hex digit offset + space + minimum two digit overwrite val
-                if (patch_line.length() < 11)
-                    break;
-                auto offset = std::strtoul(patch_line.substr(0, 8).c_str(), nullptr, 16);
-                offset += static_cast<unsigned long>(offset_shift);
-
-                std::vector<u8> replace;
-                // 9 - first char of replacement val
-                if (patch_line[9] == '\"') {
-                    // string replacement
-                    auto end_index = patch_line.find('\"', 10);
-                    if (end_index == std::string::npos || end_index < 10)
-                        return;
-                    while (patch_line[end_index - 1] == '\\') {
-                        end_index = patch_line.find('\"', end_index + 1);
-                        if (end_index == std::string::npos || end_index < 10)
-                            return;
-                    }
-
-                    auto value = patch_line.substr(10, end_index - 10);
-                    value = EscapeStringSequences(value);
-                    replace.reserve(value.size());
-                    std::copy(value.begin(), value.end(), std::back_inserter(replace));
         } else {
-                    // hex replacement
+            ++r.count;
-                    const auto value =
+            ++it;
-                        patch_line.substr(9, patch_line.find_first_of(" /\r\n", 9) - 9);
-                    replace = Common::HexStringToVector(value, is_little_endian);
         }
+    }
+    return r;
+}
 
-                if (print_values) {
+void IPSwitchCompiler::Parse(std::span<u8 const> bytes) {
-                    LOG_INFO(Loader,
+    LOG_INFO(Loader, "IPSwitchCompiler: '{}'", patch_text->GetName());
-                             "[IPSwitchCompiler ('{}')]     - Patching value at offset {:#08x} "
+    bool is_little_endian = true;
-                             "with byte string '{}'",
+    s64 offset_shift = 0;
-                             patch_text->GetName(), offset, Common::HexToString(replace));
+    //bool print_values = false;
+    auto const parse_line = [&](std::string_view const line) {
+        // Keep in mind lines have trimmed spaces (at the end & start)!
+        LOG_INFO(Loader, "<{}>", line);
+        // IPSwitch is case insensitive
+        // Yes this is how the logic goes for the main reference parsers!
+        if (line.size() > 2 && line[0] == '@') {
+            switch (line[1]) {
+            // yes, @nsobid too -- NSO Build ID Specifier
+            case 'n':
+            case 'N':
+                nso_build_id = Common::HexStringToArray<0x20>(fmt::format("{:0<64}", line.substr(8)));
+                break;
+            // @stop
+            case 's':
+            case 'S':
+                return false;
+            // @enabled
+            case 'e':
+            case 'E':
+                patches.push_back({{}, true});
+                break;
+            // @disabled
+            case 'd':
+            case 'D':
+                patches.push_back({{}, false});
+                break;
+            // @flag
+            case 'f':
+            case 'F': {
+                if (line.starts_with("@flag offset_shift")) {
+                    offset_shift = std::strtoll(line.data() + 19, nullptr, 0);  // Offset Shift Flag
+                } else if (line.starts_with("@flag print_values")) {
+                    //print_values = true; // Force printing of applied values
                 }
+                break;
+            }
+            case 'l':
+            case 'L':
+                is_little_endian = true;
+                break;
+            // IPS parsers dont support big endian no more, we do due to backcompat
+            case 'b':
+            case 'B':
+                is_little_endian = false;
+                break;
+            default:
+                LOG_WARNING(Loader, "Unknown flag {}", line);
+                break;
+            }
+        } else {
+            size_t offset = size_t(std::strtoul(line.data(), nullptr, 16));
+            offset += size_t(offset_shift);
+            if (auto const first_quote = line.find_first_of("\"\'"); first_quote != std::string::npos) {
+                // string replacement
+                char quote = line[first_quote];
+                auto const start = line.cbegin() + first_quote + 1;
+                auto end = start;
+                for (; end < line.cend() && *end != quote; )
+                    end += (*end == '\\') ? 2 : 1;
+                if (start <= line.cend() && end <= line.cend()) {
+                    LOG_INFO(Loader, "[S] value @ {:#08X} ", offset);
+                    patches.back().records.insert_or_assign(u32(offset), EscapeStringSequences({start, end}));
+                } else {
+                    LOG_WARNING(Loader, "invalid string");
+                }
+            } else if (auto const first_space = line.find_last_of(" /\t\r\n"); first_space != std::string::npos) {
+                IPSwitchRecord r{}; // hex replacement
+                auto const start = line.cbegin() + first_space + 1;
+                auto const end = line.cend();
+                if (start <= line.cend() && end <= line.cend()) {
+                    // Actually IPS wants ordering from {lsb, ..., msb} -- so LE and BE are inverted, fun!
+                    auto const hs = Common::HexStringToVector({start, end}, is_little_endian);
+                    std::memcpy(r.data.data(), hs.data(), hs.size());
+                    r.count = hs.size();
+                    LOG_INFO(Loader, "[H] value @ {:#08X}", offset);
+                    patches.back().records.insert_or_assign(u32(offset), std::move(r));
+                } else {
+                    LOG_WARNING(Loader, "invalid line");
+                }
+            } else {
+                LOG_WARNING(Loader, "unhandled line!");
+            }
+        }
+        return true; //continue
+    };
 
-                patch.records.insert_or_assign(static_cast<u32>(offset), std::move(replace));
+    for (auto it = bytes.begin(); it < bytes.end(); ) {
-            }
+        auto const start = it;
-
+        auto end = start;
-            patches.push_back(std::move(patch));
+        for (; end < bytes.end() && *end != '\n' && *end != '\r'; ++end)
-        } else if (StartsWith(line, "@")) {
+            ;
-            ParseFlag(line);
+        it = end + 1; //prepare for next line
+        std::string_view const sline{
+            reinterpret_cast<const char*>(bytes.data() + std::distance(bytes.begin(), start)),
+            size_t(std::distance(start, end))
+        };
+        if (sline.size() > 0) {
+            auto p = sline.cbegin();
+            // skip space off line
+            for (; p < sline.cend() && std::isspace(*p); ++p)
+                ;
+            // now make a nominal preprocessed line: remove comments
+            char quote = '\0';
+            auto const sline_start = p;
+            for (; p < sline.cend(); ) {
+                // we dont check for "//", IPS checks for '/' only...
+                if ((!quote && p[0] == '/')
+                || (!quote && p[0] == '#')) {
+                    break;
+                } else if (p[0] == '\"' || p[0] == '\'') {
+                    quote = (p[0] == quote) ? '\0' : p[0];
+                    ++p;
+                } else if (p + 1 < sline.cend() && p[0] == '\\') {
+                    p += 2;
+                } else {
+                    ++p;
+                }
+            }
+            // now we have the preprocessed string ;)
+            std::string_view pp_str(sline_start, p);
+            if (pp_str.size() > 0 && !parse_line(pp_str)) {
+                break;
+            }
         }
     }
-
-    valid = true;
 }
 
 VirtualFile IPSwitchCompiler::Apply(const VirtualFile& in) const {
-    if (in == nullptr || !valid)
+    if (in == nullptr)
         return nullptr;
 
     auto in_data = in->ReadAllBytes();
 
     for (const auto& patch : patches) {
-        if (!patch.enabled)
+        if (patch.enabled) {
-            continue;
-
             for (const auto& record : patch.records) {
-            if (record.first >= in_data.size())
+                if (record.first < in_data.size()) {
-                continue;
+                    auto replace_size = record.second.count;
-            auto replace_size = record.second.size();
                     if (record.first + replace_size > in_data.size())
                         replace_size = in_data.size() - record.first;
-            for (std::size_t i = 0; i < replace_size; ++i)
+                    std::memcpy(in_data.data() + record.first, record.second.data.data(), replace_size);
-                in_data[i + record.first] = record.second[i];
+                } else {
+                    LOG_WARNING(Loader, "record offs={:x},size={:x}", record.first, record.second.data.size());
                 }
             }
-
+        }
-    return std::make_shared<VectorVfsFile>(std::move(in_data), in->GetName(),
+    }
-                                           in->GetContainingDirectory());
+    return std::make_shared<VectorVfsFile>(std::move(in_data), in->GetName(), in->GetContainingDirectory());
 }
 
 } // namespace FileSys

src/core/file_sys/ips_layer.h

@@ -1,11 +1,14 @@
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2026 Eden Emulator Project
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later
+
 // SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2018 yuzu Emulator Project
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
 
 #pragma once
 
 #include <array>
-#include <memory>
 #include <vector>
+#include <span>
 
 #include "common/common_types.h"
 #include "core/file_sys/vfs/vfs.h"
@@ -20,24 +23,17 @@ public:
     ~IPSwitchCompiler();
 
     std::array<u8, 0x20> GetBuildID() const;
-    bool IsValid() const;
     VirtualFile Apply(const VirtualFile& in) const;
 
 private:
     struct IPSwitchPatch;
 
     void ParseFlag(const std::string& flag);
-    void Parse();
+    void Parse(std::span<u8 const> bytes);
-
-    bool valid = false;
 
     VirtualFile patch_text;
     std::vector<IPSwitchPatch> patches;
     std::array<u8, 0x20> nso_build_id{};
-    bool is_little_endian = false;
-    s64 offset_shift = 0;
-    bool print_values = false;
-    std::string last_comment = "";
 };
 
 } // namespace FileSys

src/core/file_sys/patch_manager.cpp

@@ -345,8 +345,7 @@ VirtualDir PatchManager::PatchExeFS(VirtualDir exefs) const {
     return exefs;
 }
 
-std::vector<VirtualFile> PatchManager::CollectPatches(const std::vector<VirtualDir>& patch_dirs,
+std::vector<VirtualFile> PatchManager::CollectPatches(const std::vector<VirtualDir>& patch_dirs, const std::string& build_id) const {
-                                                      const std::string& build_id) const {
     const auto& disabled = Settings::values.disabled_addons[title_id];
     const auto nso_build_id = fmt::format("{:0<64}", build_id);
 
@@ -361,16 +360,11 @@ std::vector<VirtualFile> PatchManager::CollectPatches(const std::vector<VirtualD
             for (const auto& file : exefs_dir->GetFiles()) {
                 if (file->GetExtension() == "ips") {
                     auto name = file->GetName();
-
+                    const auto this_build_id = fmt::format("{:0<64}", name.substr(0, name.find('.')));
-                    const auto this_build_id =
-                        fmt::format("{:0<64}", name.substr(0, name.find('.')));
                     if (nso_build_id == this_build_id)
                         out.push_back(file);
                 } else if (file->GetExtension() == "pchtxt") {
                     IPSwitchCompiler compiler{file};
-                    if (!compiler.IsValid())
-                        continue;
-
                     const auto this_build_id = Common::HexToString(compiler.GetBuildID());
                     if (nso_build_id == this_build_id)
                         out.push_back(file);
@@ -378,7 +372,6 @@ std::vector<VirtualFile> PatchManager::CollectPatches(const std::vector<VirtualD
             }
         }
     }
-
     return out;
 }
 

src/core/hle/kernel/svc/svc_debug_string.cpp

@@ -17,56 +17,12 @@
 
 namespace Kernel::Svc {
 
-constexpr auto MAX_MSG_TIME = std::chrono::milliseconds(250);
-const auto MAX_MSG_SIZE = 0x1000;
-
 /// Used to output a message on a debug hardware unit - does nothing on a retail unit
 Result OutputDebugString(Core::System& system, u64 address, u64 len) {
-    static struct DebugFlusher {
-        std::string msg_buffer;
-        std::mutex msg_mutex;
-        std::condition_variable msg_cv;
-        std::chrono::steady_clock::time_point last_msg_time;
-        std::optional<std::jthread> thread;
-    } flusher_data;
     R_SUCCEED_IF(len == 0);
-    // Only start the thread the very first time this function is called
+    std::string msg_buffer(len, 0);
-    if (!flusher_data.thread) {
+    GetCurrentMemory(system.Kernel()).ReadBlock(address, msg_buffer.data(), len);
-        flusher_data.thread.emplace([](std::stop_token stop_token) {
+    LOG_INFO(Debug_Emulated, "{}", msg_buffer);
-            while (!stop_token.stop_requested()) {
-                std::unique_lock lock(flusher_data.msg_mutex);
-                flusher_data.msg_cv.wait(lock, [&stop_token] {
-                    return !flusher_data.msg_buffer.empty() || stop_token.stop_requested();
-                });
-                if (stop_token.stop_requested() && flusher_data.msg_buffer.empty())
-                    break;
-                auto timeout = flusher_data.last_msg_time + MAX_MSG_TIME;
-                bool woke_early = flusher_data.msg_cv.wait_until(lock, timeout, [&stop_token] {
-                    return flusher_data.msg_buffer.size() >= MAX_MSG_SIZE || stop_token.stop_requested();
-                });
-                if (!woke_early || flusher_data.msg_buffer.size() >= MAX_MSG_SIZE || stop_token.stop_requested()) {
-                    if (!flusher_data.msg_buffer.empty()) {
-                        // Remove trailing newline as LOG_INFO adds that anyways
-                        if (flusher_data.msg_buffer.back() == '\n')
-                            flusher_data.msg_buffer.pop_back();
-
-                        LOG_INFO(Debug_Emulated, "\n{}", flusher_data.msg_buffer);
-                        flusher_data.msg_buffer.clear();
-                    }
-                    if (stop_token.stop_requested()) break;
-                }
-            }
-            flusher_data.msg_cv.notify_all();
-        });
-    }
-    {
-        std::lock_guard lock(flusher_data.msg_mutex);
-        const auto old_size = flusher_data.msg_buffer.size();
-        flusher_data.msg_buffer.resize(old_size + len);
-        GetCurrentMemory(system.Kernel()).ReadBlock(address, flusher_data.msg_buffer.data() + old_size, len);
-        flusher_data.last_msg_time = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
-    }
-    flusher_data.msg_cv.notify_one();
     R_SUCCEED();
 }
 

src/qt_common/util/mod.cpp

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later
 
 #include <filesystem>
+#include <system_error>
 #include <JlCompress.h>
 #include "frontend_common/mod_manager.h"
 #include "mod.h"

src/shader_recompiler/backend/spirv/emit_spirv.cpp

@@ -440,7 +440,8 @@ void SetupCapabilities(const Profile& profile, const Info& info, EmitContext& ct
     }
     if ((info.uses_subgroup_vote || info.uses_subgroup_invocation_id ||
          info.uses_subgroup_shuffles) &&
-        profile.support_vote && profile.SupportsSubgroupStage(ctx.stage)) {
+        profile.support_vote &&
+        (ctx.stage != Stage::Geometry || profile.support_subgroup_in_geometry_stage)) {
         ctx.AddCapability(spv::Capability::GroupNonUniformBallot);
         ctx.AddCapability(spv::Capability::GroupNonUniformShuffle);
         if (!profile.warp_size_potentially_larger_than_guest) {

src/shader_recompiler/backend/spirv/emit_spirv_warp.cpp

@@ -13,6 +13,18 @@ Id SubgroupScope(EmitContext& ctx) {
     return ctx.Const(static_cast<u32>(spv::Scope::Subgroup));
 }
 
+// Some mobile GPUs (e.g. Adreno/Turnip) only advertise subgroup ballot/shuffle support for the
+// fragment and compute stages (VkPhysicalDeviceSubgroupProperties::supportedStages), even though
+// they support these operations elsewhere. Guest shaders that use VOTE/SHFL in a geometry program
+// would otherwise emit GroupNonUniform* SPIR-V the driver never declared support for in that
+// stage. There is no barrier in the geometry stage, so a real cross-invocation emulation can't be
+// made correct; instead, treat the current invocation as if it were alone in its subgroup. This is
+// semantically wrong for guest code that relies on genuine cross-lane communication, but it is
+// well-defined, valid SPIR-V that doesn't depend on unsupported hardware capabilities.
+bool NeedsGeometrySubgroupFallback(EmitContext& ctx) {
+    return ctx.stage == Stage::Geometry && !ctx.profile.support_subgroup_in_geometry_stage;
+}
+
 bool StageSupportsSubgroups(EmitContext& ctx) {
     return ctx.profile.SupportsSubgroupStage(ctx.stage);
 }
@@ -94,6 +106,9 @@ Id AddPartitionBase(EmitContext& ctx, Id thread_id) {
 } // Anonymous namespace
 
 Id EmitLaneId(EmitContext& ctx) {
+    if (NeedsGeometrySubgroupFallback(ctx)) {
+        return ctx.u32_zero_value;
+    }
     const Id id{GetThreadId(ctx)};
     if (!ctx.profile.warp_size_potentially_larger_than_guest) {
         return id;
@@ -102,6 +117,9 @@ Id EmitLaneId(EmitContext& ctx) {
 }
 
 Id EmitVoteAll(EmitContext& ctx, Id pred) {
+    if (NeedsGeometrySubgroupFallback(ctx)) {
+        return pred;
+    }
     if (!StageSupportsSubgroups(ctx)) {
         return pred;
     }
@@ -118,6 +136,9 @@ Id EmitVoteAll(EmitContext& ctx, Id pred) {
 }
 
 Id EmitVoteAny(EmitContext& ctx, Id pred) {
+    if (NeedsGeometrySubgroupFallback(ctx)) {
+        return pred;
+    }
     if (!StageSupportsSubgroups(ctx)) {
         return pred;
     }
@@ -134,6 +155,9 @@ Id EmitVoteAny(EmitContext& ctx, Id pred) {
 }
 
 Id EmitVoteEqual(EmitContext& ctx, Id pred) {
+    if (NeedsGeometrySubgroupFallback(ctx)) {
+        return ctx.true_value;
+    }
     if (!StageSupportsSubgroups(ctx)) {
         return ctx.true_value;
     }
@@ -151,6 +175,16 @@ Id EmitVoteEqual(EmitContext& ctx, Id pred) {
 }
 
 Id EmitSubgroupBallot(EmitContext& ctx, Id pred) {
+    if (NeedsGeometrySubgroupFallback(ctx)) {
+        // Reflect only this invocation's own predicate. There is no way to observe other
+        // invocations' predicates without real subgroup hardware support in this stage, so this
+        // is a best-effort approximation: it keeps any branch gated on "did anyone match" live
+        // (rather than letting the SPIR-V optimizer prove it dead, which previously caused
+        // indirect draws fed by this shader to see indexCount=instanceCount=0), but any downstream
+        // math that assumes a real cross-lane population count (e.g. popcount-based compaction
+        // offsets) will not be correct.
+        return ctx.OpSelect(ctx.U32[1], pred, ctx.Const(1U), ctx.u32_zero_value);
+    }
     if (!StageSupportsSubgroups(ctx)) {
         return ctx.OpSelect(ctx.U32[1], pred, ctx.Const(1u), ctx.u32_zero_value);
     }
@@ -162,6 +196,9 @@ Id EmitSubgroupBallot(EmitContext& ctx, Id pred) {
 }
 
 Id EmitSubgroupEqMask(EmitContext& ctx) {
+    if (NeedsGeometrySubgroupFallback(ctx)) {
+        return ctx.Const(1U);
+    }
     if (!StageSupportsSubgroups(ctx)) {
         return ctx.Const(1u);
     }
@@ -169,6 +206,9 @@ Id EmitSubgroupEqMask(EmitContext& ctx) {
 }
 
 Id EmitSubgroupLtMask(EmitContext& ctx) {
+    if (NeedsGeometrySubgroupFallback(ctx)) {
+        return ctx.u32_zero_value;
+    }
     if (!StageSupportsSubgroups(ctx)) {
         return ctx.u32_zero_value;
     }
@@ -176,6 +216,9 @@ Id EmitSubgroupLtMask(EmitContext& ctx) {
 }
 
 Id EmitSubgroupLeMask(EmitContext& ctx) {
+    if (NeedsGeometrySubgroupFallback(ctx)) {
+        return ctx.Const(1U);
+    }
     if (!StageSupportsSubgroups(ctx)) {
         return ctx.Const(1u);
     }
@@ -183,6 +226,9 @@ Id EmitSubgroupLeMask(EmitContext& ctx) {
 }
 
 Id EmitSubgroupGtMask(EmitContext& ctx) {
+    if (NeedsGeometrySubgroupFallback(ctx)) {
+        return ctx.u32_zero_value;
+    }
     if (!StageSupportsSubgroups(ctx)) {
         return ctx.u32_zero_value;
     }
@@ -190,6 +236,9 @@ Id EmitSubgroupGtMask(EmitContext& ctx) {
 }
 
 Id EmitSubgroupGeMask(EmitContext& ctx) {
+    if (NeedsGeometrySubgroupFallback(ctx)) {
+        return ctx.Const(1U);
+    }
     if (!StageSupportsSubgroups(ctx)) {
         return ctx.Const(1u);
     }
@@ -198,6 +247,10 @@ Id EmitSubgroupGeMask(EmitContext& ctx) {
 
 Id EmitShuffleIndex(EmitContext& ctx, IR::Inst* inst, Id value, Id index, Id clamp,
                     Id segmentation_mask) {
+    if (NeedsGeometrySubgroupFallback(ctx)) {
+        SetInBoundsFlag(inst, ctx.false_value);
+        return value;
+    }
     const Id not_seg_mask{ctx.OpNot(ctx.U32[1], segmentation_mask)};
     const Id thread_id{EmitLaneId(ctx)};
     const Id min_thread_id{ComputeMinThreadId(ctx, thread_id, segmentation_mask)};
@@ -217,6 +270,10 @@ Id EmitShuffleIndex(EmitContext& ctx, IR::Inst* inst, Id value, Id index, Id cla
 
 Id EmitShuffleUp(EmitContext& ctx, IR::Inst* inst, Id value, Id index, Id clamp,
                  Id segmentation_mask) {
+    if (NeedsGeometrySubgroupFallback(ctx)) {
+        SetInBoundsFlag(inst, ctx.false_value);
+        return value;
+    }
     const Id thread_id{EmitLaneId(ctx)};
     const Id max_thread_id{GetMaxThreadId(ctx, thread_id, clamp, segmentation_mask)};
     Id src_thread_id{ctx.OpISub(ctx.U32[1], thread_id, index)};
@@ -232,6 +289,10 @@ Id EmitShuffleUp(EmitContext& ctx, IR::Inst* inst, Id value, Id index, Id clamp,
 
 Id EmitShuffleDown(EmitContext& ctx, IR::Inst* inst, Id value, Id index, Id clamp,
                    Id segmentation_mask) {
+    if (NeedsGeometrySubgroupFallback(ctx)) {
+        SetInBoundsFlag(inst, ctx.false_value);
+        return value;
+    }
     const Id thread_id{EmitLaneId(ctx)};
     const Id max_thread_id{GetMaxThreadId(ctx, thread_id, clamp, segmentation_mask)};
     Id src_thread_id{ctx.OpIAdd(ctx.U32[1], thread_id, index)};
@@ -247,6 +308,10 @@ Id EmitShuffleDown(EmitContext& ctx, IR::Inst* inst, Id value, Id index, Id clam
 
 Id EmitShuffleButterfly(EmitContext& ctx, IR::Inst* inst, Id value, Id index, Id clamp,
                         Id segmentation_mask) {
+    if (NeedsGeometrySubgroupFallback(ctx)) {
+        SetInBoundsFlag(inst, ctx.false_value);
+        return value;
+    }
     const Id thread_id{EmitLaneId(ctx)};
     const Id max_thread_id{GetMaxThreadId(ctx, thread_id, clamp, segmentation_mask)};
     Id src_thread_id{ctx.OpBitwiseXor(ctx.U32[1], thread_id, index)};

src/shader_recompiler/backend/spirv/spirv_emit_context.cpp

@@ -1455,13 +1455,14 @@ void EmitContext::DefineInputs(const IR::Program& program) {
     if (info.uses_is_helper_invocation) {
         is_helper_invocation = DefineInput(*this, U1, false, spv::BuiltIn::HelperInvocation);
     }
-    if (info.uses_subgroup_mask && profile.SupportsSubgroupStage(stage)) {
+    if (info.uses_subgroup_mask &&
+        (stage != Stage::Geometry || profile.support_subgroup_in_geometry_stage)) {
         subgroup_mask_eq = DefineInput(*this, U32[4], false, spv::BuiltIn::SubgroupEqMaskKHR);
         subgroup_mask_lt = DefineInput(*this, U32[4], false, spv::BuiltIn::SubgroupLtMaskKHR);
         subgroup_mask_le = DefineInput(*this, U32[4], false, spv::BuiltIn::SubgroupLeMaskKHR);
         subgroup_mask_gt = DefineInput(*this, U32[4], false, spv::BuiltIn::SubgroupGtMaskKHR);
         subgroup_mask_ge = DefineInput(*this, U32[4], false, spv::BuiltIn::SubgroupGeMaskKHR);
-        if (stage == Stage::Fragment) {
+        if (profile.support_explicit_workgroup_layout) {
             Decorate(subgroup_mask_eq, spv::Decoration::Flat);
             Decorate(subgroup_mask_lt, spv::Decoration::Flat);
             Decorate(subgroup_mask_le, spv::Decoration::Flat);
@@ -1469,10 +1470,11 @@ void EmitContext::DefineInputs(const IR::Program& program) {
             Decorate(subgroup_mask_ge, spv::Decoration::Flat);
         }
     }
-    if ((info.uses_fswzadd || info.uses_subgroup_invocation_id || info.uses_subgroup_shuffles ||
+    if (info.uses_fswzadd ||
+        ((info.uses_subgroup_invocation_id || info.uses_subgroup_shuffles ||
           (profile.warp_size_potentially_larger_than_guest &&
            (info.uses_subgroup_vote || info.uses_subgroup_mask))) &&
-        profile.SupportsSubgroupStage(stage)) {
+         (stage != Stage::Geometry || profile.support_subgroup_in_geometry_stage))) {
         AddCapability(spv::Capability::GroupNonUniform);
         subgroup_local_invocation_id =
             DefineInput(*this, U32[1], false, spv::BuiltIn::SubgroupLocalInvocationId);

src/shader_recompiler/profile.h

@@ -41,6 +41,12 @@ struct Profile {
     bool support_quad_shuffles{};
     bool support_vote{};
     u32 supported_subgroup_stages{0x7F};
+    bool support_subgroup_in_geometry_stage{}; ///< True when the device advertises subgroup
+                                               ///< ballot/shuffle support for VK_SHADER_STAGE_GEOMETRY_BIT
+                                               ///< (VkPhysicalDeviceSubgroupProperties::supportedStages).
+                                               ///< Many mobile GPUs support subgroup ops only in
+                                               ///< fragment/compute; guest shaders using VOTE/SHFL in a
+                                               ///< geometry program need a non-subgroup fallback there.
     bool support_viewport_index_layer_non_geometry{};
     bool support_viewport_mask{};
     bool support_typeless_image_loads{};

src/video_core/renderer_vulkan/blit_image.cpp

@@ -1281,7 +1281,7 @@ VkPipeline BlitImageHelper::FindOrEmplaceColorPipeline(const BlitImagePipelineKe
         .subpass = 0,
         .basePipelineHandle = VK_NULL_HANDLE,
         .basePipelineIndex = 0,
-    }));
+    }, device.StaticPipelineCache()));
     return *blit_color_pipelines.back();
 }
 
@@ -1313,7 +1313,7 @@ VkPipeline BlitImageHelper::FindOrEmplaceDepthStencilPipeline(const BlitImagePip
         .subpass = 0,
         .basePipelineHandle = VK_NULL_HANDLE,
         .basePipelineIndex = 0,
-    }));
+    }, device.StaticPipelineCache()));
     return *blit_depth_stencil_pipelines.back();
 }
 
@@ -1366,7 +1366,7 @@ VkPipeline BlitImageHelper::FindOrEmplaceClearColorPipeline(const BlitImagePipel
         .subpass = 0,
         .basePipelineHandle = VK_NULL_HANDLE,
         .basePipelineIndex = 0,
-    }));
+    }, device.StaticPipelineCache()));
     return *clear_color_pipelines.back();
 }
 
@@ -1422,7 +1422,7 @@ VkPipeline BlitImageHelper::FindOrEmplaceClearStencilPipeline(
         .subpass = 0,
         .basePipelineHandle = VK_NULL_HANDLE,
         .basePipelineIndex = 0,
-    }));
+    }, device.StaticPipelineCache()));
     return *clear_stencil_pipelines.back();
 }
 
@@ -1465,7 +1465,7 @@ VkPipeline BlitImageHelper::FindOrEmplaceBlitColorMSAAPipeline(const BlitMSAAPip
         .subpass = 0,
         .basePipelineHandle = VK_NULL_HANDLE,
         .basePipelineIndex = 0,
-    }));
+    }, device.StaticPipelineCache()));
     return *blit_msaa_color_pipelines.back();
 }
 
@@ -1584,7 +1584,7 @@ VkPipeline BlitImageHelper::FindOrEmplaceResolveDepthStencilPipeline(VkRenderPas
         .subpass = 0,
         .basePipelineHandle = VK_NULL_HANDLE,
         .basePipelineIndex = 0,
-    }));
+    }, device.StaticPipelineCache()));
     return *pipelines.back();
 }
 
@@ -1697,7 +1697,7 @@ VkPipeline BlitImageHelper::FindOrEmplaceMSAACopyPipeline(const MSAACopyPipeline
         .subpass = 0,
         .basePipelineHandle = VK_NULL_HANDLE,
         .basePipelineIndex = 0,
-    }));
+    }, device.StaticPipelineCache()));
     return *msaa_copy_pipelines.back();
 }
 
@@ -1817,7 +1817,7 @@ void BlitImageHelper::ConvertPipelineEx(vk::Pipeline& pipeline, VkRenderPass ren
         .subpass = 0,
         .basePipelineHandle = VK_NULL_HANDLE,
         .basePipelineIndex = 0,
-    });
+    }, device.StaticPipelineCache());
 }
 
 void BlitImageHelper::ConvertPipelineColorTargetEx(vk::Pipeline& pipeline, VkRenderPass renderpass,
@@ -1860,7 +1860,7 @@ void BlitImageHelper::ConvertPipeline(vk::Pipeline& pipeline, VkRenderPass rende
         .subpass = 0,
         .basePipelineHandle = VK_NULL_HANDLE,
         .basePipelineIndex = 0,
-    });
+    }, device.StaticPipelineCache());
 }
 
 } // namespace Vulkan

src/video_core/renderer_vulkan/present/util.cpp

@@ -521,7 +521,7 @@ static vk::Pipeline CreateWrappedPipelineImpl(
         .subpass = 0,
         .basePipelineHandle = 0,
         .basePipelineIndex = 0,
-    });
+    }, device.StaticPipelineCache());
 }
 
 vk::Pipeline CreateWrappedPipeline(const Device& device, vk::RenderPass& renderpass,

src/video_core/renderer_vulkan/vk_compute_pass.cpp

@@ -268,7 +268,7 @@ ComputePass::ComputePass(const Device& device_, Scheduler& scheduler, Descriptor
         .layout = *layout,
         .basePipelineHandle = {},
         .basePipelineIndex = 0,
-    });
+    }, device.StaticPipelineCache());
 }
 
 ComputePass::~ComputePass() = default;

src/video_core/renderer_vulkan/vk_pipeline_cache.cpp

@@ -63,6 +63,8 @@ using VideoCommon::GenericEnvironment;
 using VideoCommon::GraphicsEnvironment;
 
 constexpr u32 CACHE_VERSION = 18;
+constexpr size_t VULKAN_CACHE_FLUSH_PIPELINES = 128;
+constexpr size_t VULKAN_CACHE_FLUSH_MIN_SECONDS = 30;
 constexpr std::array<char, 8> VULKAN_CACHE_MAGIC_NUMBER{'y', 'u', 'z', 'u', 'v', 'k', 'c', 'h'};
 
 template <typename Container>
@@ -408,6 +410,11 @@ PipelineCache::PipelineCache(Tegra::MaxwellDeviceMemoryManager& device_memory_,
         .support_quad_shuffles = device.IsSubgroupFeatureSupported(VK_SUBGROUP_FEATURE_QUAD_BIT),
         .support_vote = device.IsSubgroupFeatureSupported(VK_SUBGROUP_FEATURE_VOTE_BIT),
         .supported_subgroup_stages = supported_subgroup_stages,
+        .support_subgroup_in_geometry_stage =
+            device.IsSubgroupFeatureSupported(VK_SUBGROUP_FEATURE_VOTE_BIT) &&
+            device.IsSubgroupFeatureSupported(VK_SUBGROUP_FEATURE_BALLOT_BIT) &&
+            device.IsSubgroupFeatureSupported(VK_SUBGROUP_FEATURE_SHUFFLE_BIT) &&
+            device.IsSubgroupFeatureSupportedInStage(VK_SHADER_STAGE_GEOMETRY_BIT),
         .support_viewport_index_layer_non_geometry =
             device.IsExtShaderViewportIndexLayerSupported(),
         .support_viewport_mask = device.IsNvViewportArray2Supported(),
@@ -710,6 +717,10 @@ void PipelineCache::LoadDiskResources(u64 title_id, std::stop_token stop_loading
     if (use_vulkan_pipeline_cache) {
         SerializeVulkanPipelineCache(vulkan_pipeline_cache_filename, vulkan_pipeline_cache,
                                      CACHE_VERSION);
+        size_t size = 0;
+        vulkan_pipeline_cache.Read(&size, nullptr);
+        last_cache_size.store(size, std::memory_order_relaxed);
+        last_flush = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
     }
 
     if (state.statistics) {
@@ -717,6 +728,35 @@ void PipelineCache::LoadDiskResources(u64 title_id, std::stop_token stop_loading
     }
 }
 
+void PipelineCache::QueueVulkanPipelineCacheFlush() {
+    if (!use_vulkan_pipeline_cache || vulkan_pipeline_cache_filename.empty()) {
+        return;
+    }
+    if (++pipelines_since_flush < VULKAN_CACHE_FLUSH_PIPELINES) {
+        return;
+    }
+    const auto now = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
+    const auto megabytes = last_cache_size.load(std::memory_order_relaxed) / (1024 * 1024);
+    const std::chrono::seconds interval{
+        std::max<size_t>(VULKAN_CACHE_FLUSH_MIN_SECONDS, megabytes)};
+    if (last_flush.time_since_epoch().count() != 0 && now - last_flush < interval) {
+        return;
+    }
+    if (flush_in_flight.exchange(true, std::memory_order_acq_rel)) {
+        return;
+    }
+    pipelines_since_flush = 0;
+    last_flush = now;
+    serialization_thread.QueueWork([this] {
+        SerializeVulkanPipelineCache(vulkan_pipeline_cache_filename, vulkan_pipeline_cache,
+                                     CACHE_VERSION);
+        size_t size = 0;
+        vulkan_pipeline_cache.Read(&size, nullptr);
+        last_cache_size.store(size, std::memory_order_relaxed);
+        flush_in_flight.store(false, std::memory_order_release);
+    });
+}
+
 GraphicsPipeline* PipelineCache::CurrentGraphicsPipelineSlowPath() {
     const auto [pair, is_new]{graphics_cache.try_emplace(graphics_key)};
     auto& pipeline{pair->second};
@@ -755,7 +795,7 @@ std::unique_ptr<GraphicsPipeline> PipelineCache::CreateGraphicsPipeline(
     std::span<Shader::Environment* const> envs, PipelineStatistics* statistics,
     bool build_in_parallel) try {
     auto hash = key.Hash();
-    LOG_INFO(Render_Vulkan, "{:#016x}", hash);
+    LOG_DEBUG(Render_Vulkan, "{:#016x}", hash);
     size_t env_index{0};
     std::array<Shader::IR::Program, Maxwell::MaxShaderProgram> programs;
     const bool uses_vertex_a{key.unique_hashes[0] != 0};
@@ -891,6 +931,7 @@ std::unique_ptr<GraphicsPipeline> PipelineCache::CreateGraphicsPipeline() {
         }
         SerializePipeline(key, env_ptrs, pipeline_cache_filename, CACHE_VERSION);
     });
+    QueueVulkanPipelineCacheFlush();
     return pipeline;
 }
 
@@ -910,6 +951,7 @@ std::unique_ptr<ComputePipeline> PipelineCache::CreateComputePipeline(
         SerializePipeline(key, std::array<const GenericEnvironment*, 1>{&env_},
                           pipeline_cache_filename, CACHE_VERSION);
     });
+    QueueVulkanPipelineCacheFlush();
     return pipeline;
 }
 
@@ -922,7 +964,7 @@ std::unique_ptr<ComputePipeline> PipelineCache::CreateComputePipeline(
         return nullptr;
     }
 
-    LOG_INFO(Render_Vulkan, "{:#016x}", hash);
+    LOG_DEBUG(Render_Vulkan, "{:#016x}", hash);
 
     Shader::Maxwell::Flow::CFG cfg{env, pools.flow_block, env.StartAddress()};
 

src/video_core/renderer_vulkan/vk_pipeline_cache.h

@@ -7,6 +7,8 @@
 #pragma once
 
 #include <array>
+#include <atomic>
+#include <chrono>
 #include <cstddef>
 #include <filesystem>
 #include <memory>
@@ -144,6 +146,8 @@ private:
     vk::PipelineCache LoadVulkanPipelineCache(const std::filesystem::path& filename,
                                               u32 expected_cache_version);
 
+    void QueueVulkanPipelineCacheFlush();
+
     const Device& device;
     Scheduler& scheduler;
     DescriptorPool& descriptor_pool;
@@ -171,6 +175,10 @@ private:
 
     std::filesystem::path vulkan_pipeline_cache_filename;
     vk::PipelineCache vulkan_pipeline_cache;
+    size_t pipelines_since_flush{};
+    std::chrono::steady_clock::time_point last_flush{};
+    std::atomic<size_t> last_cache_size{};
+    std::atomic_bool flush_in_flight{};
 
     Common::ThreadWorker workers;
     Common::ThreadWorker serialization_thread;

src/video_core/vulkan_common/vulkan_device.cpp

@@ -7,6 +7,8 @@
 #include <algorithm>
 #include <bitset>
 #include <chrono>
+#include <filesystem>
+#include <fstream>
 #include <optional>
 #include <thread>
 #include <ankerl/unordered_dense.h>
@@ -16,6 +18,8 @@
 #include <fmt/format.h>
 
 #include "common/assert.h"
+#include "common/fs/fs.h"
+#include "common/fs/path_util.h"
 #include "common/literals.h"
 #include <ranges>
 #include "common/settings.h"
@@ -393,6 +397,17 @@ std::vector<const char*> ExtensionListForVulkan(
     return output;
 }
 
+constexpr std::array<char, 8> STATIC_CACHE_MAGIC_NUMBER{'e', 'd', 'e', 'n', 's', 't', 'p', 'c'};
+constexpr u32 STATIC_CACHE_VERSION = 1;
+
+std::filesystem::path StaticPipelineCacheFilename() {
+    const auto shader_dir = Common::FS::GetEdenPath(Common::FS::EdenPath::ShaderDir);
+    if (!Common::FS::CreateDir(shader_dir)) {
+        return {};
+    }
+    return shader_dir / "vulkan_static_pipelines.bin";
+}
+
 } // Anonymous namespace
 
 void Device::RemoveExtension(bool& extension, const std::string& extension_name) {
@@ -750,15 +765,100 @@ Device::Device(VkInstance instance_, vk::PhysicalDevice physical_, VkSurfaceKHR
 
     vk::Check(vmaCreateAllocator(&allocator_info, &allocator));
 
+    owns_static_pipeline_cache = surface != VkSurfaceKHR{};
+    LoadStaticPipelineCache();
+
     // Initialize GPU logging if enabled
     InitializeGPULogging();
 }
 
 Device::~Device() {
+    SaveStaticPipelineCache();
     ShutdownGPULogging();
     vmaDestroyAllocator(allocator);
 }
 
+void Device::LoadStaticPipelineCache() {
+    const auto create = [this](size_t size, const void* data) {
+        static_pipeline_cache = logical.CreatePipelineCache({
+            .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PIPELINE_CACHE_CREATE_INFO,
+            .pNext = nullptr,
+            .flags = 0,
+            .initialDataSize = size,
+            .pInitialData = data,
+        });
+    };
+    if (!owns_static_pipeline_cache) {
+        create(0, nullptr);
+        return;
+    }
+    const auto filename = StaticPipelineCacheFilename();
+    if (filename.empty()) {
+        create(0, nullptr);
+        return;
+    }
+    std::vector<char> data;
+    try {
+        std::ifstream file(filename, std::ios::binary | std::ios::ate);
+        if (!file.is_open()) {
+            create(0, nullptr);
+            return;
+        }
+        file.exceptions(std::ifstream::failbit | std::ifstream::badbit);
+        const size_t total = static_cast<size_t>(file.tellg());
+        file.seekg(0, std::ios::beg);
+        std::array<char, 8> magic{};
+        u32 version{};
+        if (total < magic.size() + sizeof(version)) {
+            create(0, nullptr);
+            return;
+        }
+        file.read(magic.data(), magic.size())
+            .read(reinterpret_cast<char*>(&version), sizeof(version));
+        if (magic != STATIC_CACHE_MAGIC_NUMBER || version != STATIC_CACHE_VERSION) {
+            create(0, nullptr);
+            return;
+        }
+        data.resize(total - magic.size() - sizeof(version));
+        file.read(data.data(), static_cast<std::streamsize>(data.size()));
+    } catch (const std::ios_base::failure& e) {
+        create(0, nullptr);
+        return;
+    }
+    create(data.size(), data.empty() ? nullptr : data.data());
+}
+
+void Device::SaveStaticPipelineCache() const {
+    if (!owns_static_pipeline_cache || !static_pipeline_cache) {
+        return;
+    }
+    const auto filename = StaticPipelineCacheFilename();
+    if (filename.empty()) {
+        return;
+    }
+    size_t size = 0;
+    std::vector<char> data;
+    static_pipeline_cache.Read(&size, nullptr);
+    if (size == 0) {
+        return;
+    }
+    data.resize(size);
+    static_pipeline_cache.Read(&size, data.data());
+    try {
+        std::ofstream file(filename, std::ios::binary | std::ios::trunc);
+        file.exceptions(std::ofstream::failbit);
+        if (!file.is_open()) {
+            return;
+        }
+        file.write(STATIC_CACHE_MAGIC_NUMBER.data(), STATIC_CACHE_MAGIC_NUMBER.size())
+            .write(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(&STATIC_CACHE_VERSION),
+                   sizeof(STATIC_CACHE_VERSION))
+            .write(data.data(), static_cast<std::streamsize>(size));
+    } catch (const std::ios_base::failure& e) {
+        Common::FS::RemoveFile(filename);
+    }
+}
+
 VkFormat Device::GetSupportedFormat(VkFormat wanted_format, VkFormatFeatureFlags wanted_usage,
                                     FormatType format_type) const {
     if (IsFormatSupported(wanted_format, wanted_usage, format_type)) {

src/video_core/vulkan_common/vulkan_device.h

@@ -273,6 +273,10 @@ public:
         return physical;
     }
 
+    VkPipelineCache StaticPipelineCache() const noexcept {
+        return *static_pipeline_cache;
+    }
+
     /// Returns the main graphics queue.
     vk::Queue GetGraphicsQueue() const {
         return graphics_queue;
@@ -475,6 +479,11 @@ FN_MAX_LIMIT_LIST
         return properties.subgroup_properties.supportedStages;
     }
 
+    /// Returns true if the device supports subgroup ballot/shuffle in the given shader stage.
+    bool IsSubgroupFeatureSupportedInStage(VkShaderStageFlagBits stage) const {
+        return properties.subgroup_properties.supportedStages & stage;
+    }
+
     /// Returns the maximum number of push descriptors.
     u32 MaxPushDescriptors() const {
         return properties.push_descriptor.maxPushDescriptors;
@@ -1127,6 +1136,9 @@ private:
     /// Returns true if the device natively supports blitting depth stencil images.
     bool TestDepthStencilBlits(VkFormat format) const;
 
+    void LoadStaticPipelineCache();
+    void SaveStaticPipelineCache() const;
+
 private:
     VkInstance instance;         ///< Vulkan instance.
     VmaAllocator allocator;      ///< VMA allocator.
@@ -1135,6 +1147,8 @@ private:
     vk::Device logical;          ///< Logical device.
     vk::Queue graphics_queue;    ///< Main graphics queue.
     vk::Queue present_queue;     ///< Main present queue.
+    vk::PipelineCache static_pipeline_cache;
+    bool owns_static_pipeline_cache{};
     u32 instance_version{};      ///< Vulkan instance version.
     u32 graphics_family{};       ///< Main graphics queue family index.
     u32 present_family{};        ///< Main present queue family index.