Another tests on phi

Don't compile GLSL/GLASM backends without OpenGL enabled. These codepaths are unused on non-OpenGL platforms.

Fixes other miscellaneous errors that pop up on Clang 23 as well.

Signed-off-by: Lizzie lizzie@eden-emu.dev
Signed-off-by: crueter crueter@eden-emu.dev

- [x] I have read and followed the [Contribution Guidelines](https://git.eden-emu.dev/eden-emu/eden/src/branch/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#code-contributions).
- [x] I have read and followed the [AI Policy](https://git.eden-emu.dev/eden-emu/eden/src/branch/master/docs/policies/AI.md)
- [x] I have read and followed the [Coding Guidelines](https://git.eden-emu.dev/eden-emu/eden/src/branch/master/docs/policies/Coding.md) to the best of my ability.

-------------------

Co-authored-by: crueter <crueter@eden-emu.dev>
Reviewed-on: https://git.eden-emu.dev/eden-emu/eden/pulls/4350
Reviewed-by: crueter <crueter@eden-emu.dev>
Reviewed-by: CamilleLaVey <camillelavey99@gmail.com>

.patch/vulkan-memory-allocator/0001-macos-clang.patch

@@ -0,0 +1,112 @@
+diff --git a/include/vk_mem_alloc.h b/include/vk_mem_alloc.h
+index 8df0364..4856064 100644
+--- a/include/vk_mem_alloc.h
++++ b/include/vk_mem_alloc.h
+@@ -3017,7 +3017,7 @@ remove them if not needed.
+ 
+ #if defined(__ANDROID_API__) && (__ANDROID_API__ < 16)
+ #include <cstdlib>
+-static void* vma_aligned_alloc(size_t alignment, size_t size)
++static inline void* vma_aligned_alloc(size_t alignment, size_t size)
+ {
+     // alignment must be >= sizeof(void*)
+     if(alignment < sizeof(void*))
+@@ -3860,7 +3860,7 @@ Returned value is the found element, if present in the collection or place where
+ new element with value (key) should be inserted.
+ */
+ template <typename CmpLess, typename IterT, typename KeyT>
+-static IterT VmaBinaryFindFirstNotLess(IterT beg, IterT end, const KeyT& key, const CmpLess& cmp)
++static inline IterT VmaBinaryFindFirstNotLess(IterT beg, IterT end, const KeyT& key, const CmpLess& cmp)
+ {
+     size_t down = 0;
+     size_t up = size_t(end - beg);
+@@ -3898,7 +3898,7 @@ Warning! O(n^2) complexity. Use only inside VMA_HEAVY_ASSERT.
+ T must be pointer type, e.g. VmaAllocation, VmaPool.
+ */
+ template<typename T>
+-static bool VmaValidatePointerArray(uint32_t count, const T* arr)
++static inline bool VmaValidatePointerArray(uint32_t count, const T* arr)
+ {
+     for (uint32_t i = 0; i < count; ++i)
+     {
+@@ -4188,13 +4188,13 @@ static void VmaFree(const VkAllocationCallbacks* pAllocationCallbacks, void* ptr
+ }
+ 
+ template<typename T>
+-static T* VmaAllocate(const VkAllocationCallbacks* pAllocationCallbacks)
++static inline T* VmaAllocate(const VkAllocationCallbacks* pAllocationCallbacks)
+ {
+     return (T*)VmaMalloc(pAllocationCallbacks, sizeof(T), VMA_ALIGN_OF(T));
+ }
+ 
+ template<typename T>
+-static T* VmaAllocateArray(const VkAllocationCallbacks* pAllocationCallbacks, size_t count)
++static inline T* VmaAllocateArray(const VkAllocationCallbacks* pAllocationCallbacks, size_t count)
+ {
+     return (T*)VmaMalloc(pAllocationCallbacks, sizeof(T) * count, VMA_ALIGN_OF(T));
+ }
+@@ -4204,14 +4204,14 @@ static T* VmaAllocateArray(const VkAllocationCallbacks* pAllocationCallbacks, si
+ #define vma_new_array(allocator, type, count)   new(VmaAllocateArray<type>((allocator), (count)))(type)
+ 
+ template<typename T>
+-static void vma_delete(const VkAllocationCallbacks* pAllocationCallbacks, T* ptr)
++static inline void vma_delete(const VkAllocationCallbacks* pAllocationCallbacks, T* ptr)
+ {
+     ptr->~T();
+     VmaFree(pAllocationCallbacks, ptr);
+ }
+ 
+ template<typename T>
+-static void vma_delete_array(const VkAllocationCallbacks* pAllocationCallbacks, T* ptr, size_t count)
++static inline void vma_delete_array(const VkAllocationCallbacks* pAllocationCallbacks, T* ptr, size_t count)
+ {
+     if (ptr != VMA_NULL)
+     {
+@@ -4658,13 +4658,13 @@ void VmaVector<T, AllocatorT>::remove(size_t index)
+ #endif // _VMA_VECTOR_FUNCTIONS
+ 
+ template<typename T, typename allocatorT>
+-static void VmaVectorInsert(VmaVector<T, allocatorT>& vec, size_t index, const T& item)
++static inline void VmaVectorInsert(VmaVector<T, allocatorT>& vec, size_t index, const T& item)
+ {
+     vec.insert(index, item);
+ }
+ 
+ template<typename T, typename allocatorT>
+-static void VmaVectorRemove(VmaVector<T, allocatorT>& vec, size_t index)
++static inline void VmaVectorRemove(VmaVector<T, allocatorT>& vec, size_t index)
+ {
+     vec.remove(index);
+ }
+@@ -10620,19 +10620,19 @@ static void VmaFree(VmaAllocator hAllocator, void* ptr)
+ }
+ 
+ template<typename T>
+-static T* VmaAllocate(VmaAllocator hAllocator)
++static inline T* VmaAllocate(VmaAllocator hAllocator)
+ {
+     return (T*)VmaMalloc(hAllocator, sizeof(T), VMA_ALIGN_OF(T));
+ }
+ 
+ template<typename T>
+-static T* VmaAllocateArray(VmaAllocator hAllocator, size_t count)
++static inline T* VmaAllocateArray(VmaAllocator hAllocator, size_t count)
+ {
+     return (T*)VmaMalloc(hAllocator, sizeof(T) * count, VMA_ALIGN_OF(T));
+ }
+ 
+ template<typename T>
+-static void vma_delete(VmaAllocator hAllocator, T* ptr)
++static inline void vma_delete(VmaAllocator hAllocator, T* ptr)
+ {
+     if(ptr != VMA_NULL)
+     {
+@@ -10642,7 +10642,7 @@ static void vma_delete(VmaAllocator hAllocator, T* ptr)
+ }
+ 
+ template<typename T>
+-static void vma_delete_array(VmaAllocator hAllocator, T* ptr, size_t count)
++static inline void vma_delete_array(VmaAllocator hAllocator, T* ptr, size_t count)
+ {
+     if(ptr != VMA_NULL)
+     {

CMakeLists.txt

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 
 cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.31)
 
+set(CMAKE_OSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET "15.0" CACHE STRING "macOS deployment target")
 project(yuzu)
 
 list(APPEND CMAKE_MODULE_PATH "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/CMakeModules")
@@ -512,7 +513,7 @@ endfunction()
 # =============================================
 
 if (APPLE)
-    foreach(fw Carbon Metal Cocoa IOKit CoreVideo CoreMedia Security UniformTypeIdentifiers)
+    foreach(fw Carbon Metal Cocoa IOKit CoreVideo CoreMedia Security UniformTypeIdentifiers Foundation)
         find_library(${fw}_LIBRARY ${fw} REQUIRED)
         list(APPEND PLATFORM_LIBRARIES ${${fw}_LIBRARY})
     endforeach()

cpmfile.json

@@ -1,12 +1,4 @@
 {
-    "": {
-        "ci": true,
-        "hash": "9f50d993c39529e022ad456163de91ac5934e16faf8fc348f305355fc0a643c534f87ded707e11bd03bcbc0a1760bd20852b6533a67ac0558a078385181cb184",
-        "name": "SDL3",
-        "package": "SDL3",
-        "repo": "crueter-ci/SDL3",
-        "version": "3.4.14-1788231389-147a8ee32d"
-    },
     "biscuit": {
         "hash": "1229f345b014f7ca544dedb4edb3311e41ba736f9aa9a67f88b5f26f3c983288c6bb6cdedcfb0b8a02c63088a37e6a0d7ba97d9c2a4d721b213916327cffe28a",
         "min_version": "0.9.1",
@@ -68,10 +60,10 @@
     },
     "discord-rpc": {
         "find_args": "MODULE",
-        "hash": "8213c43dcb0f7d479f5861091d111ed12fbdec1e62e6d729d65a4bc181d82f48a35d5fd3cd5c291f2393ac7c9681eabc6b76609755f55376284c8a8d67e148f3",
+        "hash": "8d680b3a16d6f6bf292ad823cf8635595ff986f2a49f758e3009f505b540a9d75194a8cf44cddea75736a8c3e3b5160166e716a0939ce3f18cc463cf648753fe",
         "package": "DiscordRPC",
         "repo": "eden-emulator/discord-rpc",
-        "version": "0d8b2d6a37"
+        "version": "76616d8675"
     },
     "enet": {
         "find_args": "MODULE",
@@ -311,6 +303,9 @@
         "find_args": "CONFIG",
         "hash": "deb5902ef8db0e329fbd5f3f4385eb0e26bdd9f14f3a2334823fb3fe18f36bc5d235d620d6e5f6fe3551ec3ea7038638899db8778c09f6d5c278f5ff95c3344b",
         "package": "VulkanMemoryAllocator",
+        "patches": [
+            "0001-macos-clang.patch"
+        ],
         "repo": "GPUOpen-LibrariesAndSDKs/VulkanMemoryAllocator",
         "version": "v3.3.0"
     },

externals/tz/tz/tz.h

@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@
 #include <limits>
 #include <span>
 #include <array>
+#include <algorithm>
 #include <time.h>
 
 namespace Tz {

src/android/app/src/main/java/org/yuzu/yuzu_emu/features/settings/model/BooleanSetting.kt

@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@ enum class BooleanSetting(override val key: String) : AbstractBooleanSetting {
     RENDERER_REACTIVE_FLUSHING("use_reactive_flushing"),
     ENABLE_BUFFER_HISTORY("enable_buffer_history"),
     USE_OPTIMIZED_VERTEX_BUFFERS("use_optimized_vertex_buffers"),
+    ENABLE_SHADER_PHI_TRACKING("enable_shader_phi_tracking"),
     ENABLE_GPU_BUFFER_READBACK("enable_gpu_buffer_readback"),
     SYNC_MEMORY_OPERATIONS("sync_memory_operations"),
     BUFFER_REORDER_DISABLE("disable_buffer_reorder"),

src/android/app/src/main/java/org/yuzu/yuzu_emu/features/settings/model/view/SettingsItem.kt

@@ -927,6 +927,13 @@ abstract class SettingsItem(
                     descriptionId = R.string.use_optimized_vertex_buffers_description
                 )
             )
+            put(
+                SwitchSetting(
+                    BooleanSetting.ENABLE_SHADER_PHI_TRACKING,
+                    titleId = R.string.enable_shader_phi_tracking,
+                    descriptionId = R.string.enable_shader_phi_tracking_description
+                )
+            )
             put(
                 SwitchSetting(
                     BooleanSetting.SYNC_MEMORY_OPERATIONS,

src/android/app/src/main/java/org/yuzu/yuzu_emu/features/settings/ui/SettingsFragmentPresenter.kt

@@ -338,6 +338,7 @@ class SettingsFragmentPresenter(
             add(BooleanSetting.ENABLE_BUFFER_HISTORY.key)
             add(BooleanSetting.ENABLE_GPU_BUFFER_READBACK.key)
             add(BooleanSetting.USE_OPTIMIZED_VERTEX_BUFFERS.key)
+            add(BooleanSetting.ENABLE_SHADER_PHI_TRACKING.key)
 
             add(HeaderSetting(R.string.hacks))
 

src/android/app/src/main/java/org/yuzu/yuzu_emu/utils/NativeConfig.kt

@@ -28,13 +28,13 @@ object NativeConfig {
      * Reads values in the global config file and saves them.
      */
     @Synchronized
-    external fun reloadGlobalConfig(): Boolean
+    external fun reloadGlobalConfig()
 
     /**
      * Saves global settings values in memory to disk.
      */
     @Synchronized
-    external fun saveGlobalConfig(): Boolean
+    external fun saveGlobalConfig()
 
     /**
      * Creates per-game config for the specified parameters. Must be unloaded once per-game config
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ object NativeConfig {
      * Saves per-game settings values in memory to disk.
      */
     @Synchronized
-    external fun savePerGameConfig(): Boolean
+    external fun savePerGameConfig()
 
     /**
      * Destroys the stored per-game config object. This does not save the config.

src/android/app/src/main/jni/native_config.cpp

@@ -45,16 +45,12 @@ void Java_org_yuzu_yuzu_1emu_utils_NativeConfig_unloadGlobalConfig(JNIEnv* env,
     global_config.reset();
 }
 
-jboolean Java_org_yuzu_yuzu_1emu_utils_NativeConfig_reloadGlobalConfig(JNIEnv* env, jobject obj) {
+void Java_org_yuzu_yuzu_1emu_utils_NativeConfig_reloadGlobalConfig(JNIEnv* env, jobject obj) {
-    if (global_config)
+    global_config->AndroidConfig::ReloadAllValues();
-        global_config->AndroidConfig::ReloadAllValues();
-    return global_config != nullptr;
 }
 
-jboolean Java_org_yuzu_yuzu_1emu_utils_NativeConfig_saveGlobalConfig(JNIEnv* env, jobject obj) {
+void Java_org_yuzu_yuzu_1emu_utils_NativeConfig_saveGlobalConfig(JNIEnv* env, jobject obj) {
-    if (global_config)
+    global_config->AndroidConfig::SaveAllValues();
-        global_config->AndroidConfig::SaveAllValues();
-    return global_config != nullptr;
 }
 
 void Java_org_yuzu_yuzu_1emu_utils_NativeConfig_initializePerGameConfig(JNIEnv* env, jobject obj,
@@ -67,14 +63,13 @@ void Java_org_yuzu_yuzu_1emu_utils_NativeConfig_initializePerGameConfig(JNIEnv*
         std::make_unique<AndroidConfig>(config_file_name, Config::ConfigType::PerGameConfig);
 }
 
-jboolean Java_org_yuzu_yuzu_1emu_utils_NativeConfig_isPerGameConfigLoaded(JNIEnv* env, jobject obj) {
+jboolean Java_org_yuzu_yuzu_1emu_utils_NativeConfig_isPerGameConfigLoaded(JNIEnv* env,
+                                                                          jobject obj) {
     return per_game_config != nullptr;
 }
 
-jboolean Java_org_yuzu_yuzu_1emu_utils_NativeConfig_savePerGameConfig(JNIEnv* env, jobject obj) {
+void Java_org_yuzu_yuzu_1emu_utils_NativeConfig_savePerGameConfig(JNIEnv* env, jobject obj) {
-    if (per_game_config)
+    per_game_config->AndroidConfig::SaveAllValues();
-        per_game_config->AndroidConfig::SaveAllValues();
-    return per_game_config != nullptr;
 }
 
 void Java_org_yuzu_yuzu_1emu_utils_NativeConfig_unloadPerGameConfig(JNIEnv* env, jobject obj) {

src/android/app/src/main/res/values/strings.xml

@@ -570,6 +570,8 @@
     <string name="enable_gpu_buffer_readback_description">Preserves GPU-modified buffer data by reading it back before uploads. Some games require this to render certain effects properly. May cause issues if the hardware cannot handle the additional workload.</string>
     <string name="use_optimized_vertex_buffers">Optimized Vertex Buffers</string>
     <string name="use_optimized_vertex_buffers_description">Enables optimized vertex buffer binding for improved performance. Requires Mesa 26.0+ Turnip drivers/ QCOM drivers. Will crash on older Turnip drivers (25.3 and below).</string>
+    <string name="enable_shader_phi_tracking">Shader Phi Tracking</string>
+    <string name="enable_shader_phi_tracking_description">toggle for test on shader phi tracking.</string>
 
     <string name="hacks">Hacks</string>
 

src/common/demangle.cpp

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
 
 #include <string>
+#include <cstdlib>
 #include <string_view>
 #ifdef _WIN32
 #include <llvm/Demangle/Demangle.h>

src/common/scratch_buffer.h

@@ -1,9 +1,13 @@
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2026 Eden Emulator Project
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later
+
 // SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2022 yuzu Emulator Project
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
 
 #pragma once
 
 #include <iterator>
+#include <cstring>
 
 #include "common/make_unique_for_overwrite.h"
 
@@ -61,7 +65,7 @@ public:
     void resize(size_type size) {
         if (size > buffer_capacity) {
             auto new_buffer = Common::make_unique_for_overwrite<T[]>(size);
-            std::move(buffer.get(), buffer.get() + buffer_capacity, new_buffer.get());
+            std::memcpy(new_buffer.get(), buffer.get(), buffer_capacity * sizeof(T));
             buffer = std::move(new_buffer);
             buffer_capacity = size;
         }

src/common/settings.h

@@ -592,6 +592,14 @@ struct Values {
                                                   true,
                                                   true};
 
+    SwitchableSetting<bool> enable_shader_phi_tracking{linkage,
+                                                       true,
+                                                       "enable_shader_phi_tracking",
+                                                       Category::RendererAdvanced,
+                                                       Specialization::Default,
+                                                       true,
+                                                       true};
+
 #ifdef __ANDROID__
     SwitchableSetting<bool> use_optimized_vertex_buffers{linkage,
                                                  false,

src/common/uuid.h

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
 #include <functional>
 #include <span>
 #include <string>
+#include <type_traits>
 
 #include "common/common_types.h"
 

src/core/debugger/debugger.cpp

@@ -6,13 +6,13 @@
 
 #include <mutex>
 #include <utility>
+#include <type_traits>
+
 #include <boost/asio.hpp>
 #include <boost/version.hpp>
-
 #if BOOST_VERSION > 108400 && (!defined(_WINDOWS) && !defined(__ANDROID__)) || defined(YUZU_BOOST_v1)
 #define USE_BOOST_v1
 #endif
-
 #ifdef USE_BOOST_v1
 #include <boost/process/v1/async_pipe.hpp>
 #else

src/core/file_sys/fssystem/fs_types.h

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2025 Eden Emulator Project
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2026 Eden Emulator Project
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later
 
 // SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2023 yuzu Emulator Project
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 
 #pragma once
 
+#include <type_traits>
 #include "common/common_funcs.h"
 
 namespace FileSys {

src/core/file_sys/fssystem/fssystem_aes_ctr_counter_extended_storage.h

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 #pragma once
 
 #include <optional>
+#include <type_traits>
 
 #include "common/literals.h"
 #include "core/file_sys/fssystem/fs_i_storage.h"

src/core/file_sys/fssystem/fssystem_bucket_tree.cpp

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 // SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2023 yuzu Emulator Project
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
 
+#include <type_traits>
 #include "core/file_sys/errors.h"
 #include "core/file_sys/fssystem/fssystem_bucket_tree.h"
 #include "core/file_sys/fssystem/fssystem_bucket_tree_utils.h"

src/core/file_sys/fssystem/fssystem_bucket_tree.h

@@ -1,9 +1,13 @@
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2026 Eden Emulator Project
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later
+
 // SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2023 yuzu Emulator Project
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
 
 #pragma once
 
 #include <mutex>
+#include <type_traits>
 
 #include "common/alignment.h"
 #include "common/common_funcs.h"

src/core/file_sys/fssystem/fssystem_bucket_tree_template_impl.h

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2025 Eden Emulator Project
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2026 Eden Emulator Project
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later
 
 // SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2023 yuzu Emulator Project
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 
 #pragma once
 
+#include <type_traits>
 #include "core/file_sys/errors.h"
 #include "core/file_sys/fssystem/fssystem_bucket_tree.h"
 #include "core/file_sys/fssystem/fssystem_bucket_tree_utils.h"

src/core/file_sys/fssystem/fssystem_compressed_storage.h

@@ -6,6 +6,8 @@
 
 #pragma once
 
+#include <type_traits>
+#include <cstddef>
 #include "common/literals.h"
 
 #include "core/file_sys/errors.h"

src/core/file_sys/fssystem/fssystem_hierarchical_integrity_verification_storage.h

@@ -1,8 +1,12 @@
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2026 Eden Emulator Project
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later
+
 // SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2023 yuzu Emulator Project
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
 
 #pragma once
 
+#include <type_traits>
 #include "common/alignment.h"
 #include "core/file_sys/fssystem/fs_i_storage.h"
 #include "core/file_sys/fssystem/fs_types.h"

src/core/file_sys/fssystem/fssystem_indirect_storage.h

@@ -6,6 +6,9 @@
 
 #pragma once
 
+#include <type_traits>
+#include <array>
+#include <cstddef>
 #include "core/file_sys/errors.h"
 #include "core/file_sys/fssystem/fs_i_storage.h"
 #include "core/file_sys/fssystem/fssystem_bucket_tree.h"

src/core/file_sys/fssystem/fssystem_integrity_verification_storage.h

@@ -1,9 +1,15 @@
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2026 Eden Emulator Project
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later
+
 // SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2023 yuzu Emulator Project
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
 
 #pragma once
 
 #include <optional>
+#include <array>
+#include <cstddef>
+#include <type_traits>
 
 #include "core/file_sys/fssystem/fs_i_storage.h"
 #include "core/file_sys/fssystem/fs_types.h"

src/core/file_sys/fssystem/fssystem_nca_file_system_driver.h

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2025 Eden Emulator Project
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2026 Eden Emulator Project
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later
 
 // SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2023 yuzu Emulator Project
@@ -6,6 +6,8 @@
 
 #pragma once
 
+#include <type_traits>
+#include <cstddef>
 #include "core/file_sys/fssystem/fssystem_compression_common.h"
 #include "core/file_sys/fssystem/fssystem_nca_header.h"
 #include "core/file_sys/vfs/vfs.h"

src/core/file_sys/fssystem/fssystem_nca_header.h

@@ -1,8 +1,14 @@
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2026 Eden Emulator Project
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later
+
 // SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2023 yuzu Emulator Project
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
 
 #pragma once
 
+#include <type_traits>
+#include <array>
+#include <cstddef>
 #include "common/common_funcs.h"
 #include "common/common_types.h"
 #include "common/literals.h"

src/core/hle/kernel/k_page_table_base.h

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 #pragma once
 
 #include <memory>
+#include <type_traits>
 
 #include "common/common_funcs.h"
 #include "common/page_table.h"

src/core/hle/result.h

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 
 #pragma once
 
+#include <type_traits>
 #include "common/assert.h"
 #include "common/bit_field.h"
 #include "common/common_funcs.h"

src/core/hle/service/bcat/bcat_types.h

@@ -1,9 +1,13 @@
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2026 Eden Emulator Project
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later
+
 // SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2024 yuzu Emulator Project
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later
 
 #pragma once
 
 #include <array>
+#include <type_traits>
 #include <functional>
 
 #include "common/common_funcs.h"

src/core/hle/service/caps/caps_manager.cpp

@@ -175,19 +175,10 @@ Result AlbumManager::LoadAlbumScreenShotImage(LoadAlbumScreenShotImageOutput& ou
         return ResultIsNotMounted;
     }
 
-    out_image_output = {
+    out_image_output = {};
-        .width = 1280,
+    out_image_output.width = 1280;
-        .height = 720,
+    out_image_output.height = 720;
-        .attribute =
+    out_image_output.attribute.orientation = AlbumImageOrientation::None;
-            {
-                .unknown_0{},
-                .orientation = AlbumImageOrientation::None,
-                .unknown_1{},
-                .unknown_2{},
-                .pad163{},
-            },
-        .pad179{},
-    };
 
     std::filesystem::path path;
     const auto result = GetFile(path, file_id);
@@ -211,19 +202,10 @@ Result AlbumManager::LoadAlbumScreenShotThumbnail(
         return ResultIsNotMounted;
     }
 
-    out_image_output = {
+    out_image_output = {};
-        .width = 320,
+    out_image_output.width = 320;
-        .height = 180,
+    out_image_output.height = 180;
-        .attribute =
+    out_image_output.attribute.orientation = AlbumImageOrientation::None;
-            {
-                .unknown_0{},
-                .orientation = AlbumImageOrientation::None,
-                .unknown_1{},
-                .unknown_2{},
-                .pad163{},
-            },
-        .pad179{},
-    };
 
     std::filesystem::path path;
     const auto result = GetFile(path, file_id);

src/core/hle/service/caps/caps_su.cpp

@@ -73,13 +73,8 @@ void IScreenShotApplicationService::CaptureAndSaveScreenshot(AlbumReportOption r
     Layout::FramebufferLayout layout =
         Layout::DefaultFrameLayout(screenshot_width, screenshot_height);
 
-    const Capture::ScreenShotAttribute attribute{
+    Capture::ScreenShotAttribute attribute{};
-        .unknown_0{},
+    attribute.orientation = Capture::AlbumImageOrientation::None;
-        .orientation = Capture::AlbumImageOrientation::None,
-        .unknown_1{},
-        .unknown_2{},
-        .pad163{},
-    };
 
     renderer.RequestScreenshot(
         image_data.data(),

src/core/hle/service/caps/caps_types.h

@@ -1,8 +1,12 @@
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2026 Eden Emulator Project
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later
+
 // SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2018 yuzu Emulator Project
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
 
 #pragma once
 
+#include <type_traits>
 #include "common/common_funcs.h"
 #include "common/common_types.h"
 

src/core/hle/service/ldn/ldn_types.h

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2025 Eden Emulator Project
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2026 Eden Emulator Project
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later
 
 // SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2022 yuzu Emulator Project
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 
 #pragma once
 
+#include <type_traits>
 #include <fmt/ranges.h>
 
 #include "common/common_funcs.h"

src/core/hle/service/psc/time/common.h

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
 
 #include <array>
 #include <chrono>
+#include <type_traits>
 #include <fmt/ranges.h>
 
 #include "common/common_types.h"

src/core/hle/service/psc/time/shared_memory.h

@@ -1,10 +1,13 @@
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2026 Eden Emulator Project
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later
+
 // SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2023 yuzu Emulator Project
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
 
 #pragma once
 
 #include <array>
-
+#include <type_traits>
 #include "common/common_types.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/psc/time/common.h"
 

src/core/hle/service/set/settings_types.h

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 #pragma once
 
 #include <array>
+#include <type_traits>
 
 #include "common/bit_field.h"
 #include "common/common_funcs.h"

src/hid_core/hid_types.h

@@ -1,8 +1,15 @@
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2026 Eden Emulator Project
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later
+
 // SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2021 yuzu Emulator Project
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
 
 #pragma once
 
+#include <cstddef>
+#include <array>
+#include <type_traits>
+
 #include "common/bit_field.h"
 #include "common/common_funcs.h"
 #include "common/common_types.h"

src/qt_common/config/shared_translation.cpp

@@ -267,6 +267,8 @@ std::unique_ptr<TranslationMap> InitializeTranslations(QObject* parent) {
     INSERT(Settings, enable_buffer_history, tr("Enable buffer history"),
            tr("Enables access to previous buffer states.\nThis option may improve rendering "
               "quality and performance consistency in some games."));
+    INSERT(Settings, enable_shader_phi_tracking, tr("Shader phi tracking"),
+           tr("toggle for test on shader phi tracking."));
     INSERT(Settings, fix_bloom_effects, tr("Fix bloom effects"), tr("Removes bloom in Burnout."));
 
     INSERT(Settings, rescale_hack, tr("Enable Legacy Rescale Pass"),

src/shader_recompiler/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -6,55 +6,6 @@
 
 add_library(shader_recompiler STATIC
     backend/bindings.h
-    backend/glasm/emit_glasm.cpp
-    backend/glasm/emit_glasm.h
-    backend/glasm/emit_glasm_barriers.cpp
-    backend/glasm/emit_glasm_bitwise_conversion.cpp
-    backend/glasm/emit_glasm_composite.cpp
-    backend/glasm/emit_glasm_context_get_set.cpp
-    backend/glasm/emit_glasm_control_flow.cpp
-    backend/glasm/emit_glasm_convert.cpp
-    backend/glasm/emit_glasm_floating_point.cpp
-    backend/glasm/emit_glasm_image.cpp
-    backend/glasm/emit_glasm_instructions.h
-    backend/glasm/emit_glasm_integer.cpp
-    backend/glasm/emit_glasm_logical.cpp
-    backend/glasm/emit_glasm_memory.cpp
-    backend/glasm/emit_glasm_not_implemented.cpp
-    backend/glasm/emit_glasm_select.cpp
-    backend/glasm/emit_glasm_shared_memory.cpp
-    backend/glasm/emit_glasm_special.cpp
-    backend/glasm/emit_glasm_undefined.cpp
-    backend/glasm/emit_glasm_warp.cpp
-    backend/glasm/glasm_emit_context.cpp
-    backend/glasm/glasm_emit_context.h
-    backend/glasm/reg_alloc.cpp
-    backend/glasm/reg_alloc.h
-    backend/glsl/emit_glsl.cpp
-    backend/glsl/emit_glsl.h
-    backend/glsl/emit_glsl_atomic.cpp
-    backend/glsl/emit_glsl_barriers.cpp
-    backend/glsl/emit_glsl_bitwise_conversion.cpp
-    backend/glsl/emit_glsl_composite.cpp
-    backend/glsl/emit_glsl_context_get_set.cpp
-    backend/glsl/emit_glsl_control_flow.cpp
-    backend/glsl/emit_glsl_convert.cpp
-    backend/glsl/emit_glsl_floating_point.cpp
-    backend/glsl/emit_glsl_image.cpp
-    backend/glsl/emit_glsl_instructions.h
-    backend/glsl/emit_glsl_integer.cpp
-    backend/glsl/emit_glsl_logical.cpp
-    backend/glsl/emit_glsl_memory.cpp
-    backend/glsl/emit_glsl_not_implemented.cpp
-    backend/glsl/emit_glsl_select.cpp
-    backend/glsl/emit_glsl_shared_memory.cpp
-    backend/glsl/emit_glsl_special.cpp
-    backend/glsl/emit_glsl_undefined.cpp
-    backend/glsl/emit_glsl_warp.cpp
-    backend/glsl/glsl_emit_context.cpp
-    backend/glsl/glsl_emit_context.h
-    backend/glsl/var_alloc.cpp
-    backend/glsl/var_alloc.h
     backend/spirv/emit_spirv.cpp
     backend/spirv/emit_spirv.h
     backend/spirv/emit_spirv_atomic.cpp
@@ -239,9 +190,60 @@ add_library(shader_recompiler STATIC
     program_header.h
     runtime_info.h
     shader_info.h
-    varying_state.h
+    varying_state.h)
 
-)
+if (ENABLE_OPENGL)
+    target_sources(shader_recompiler PRIVATE
+        backend/glasm/emit_glasm.cpp
+        backend/glasm/emit_glasm.h
+        backend/glasm/emit_glasm_barriers.cpp
+        backend/glasm/emit_glasm_bitwise_conversion.cpp
+        backend/glasm/emit_glasm_composite.cpp
+        backend/glasm/emit_glasm_context_get_set.cpp
+        backend/glasm/emit_glasm_control_flow.cpp
+        backend/glasm/emit_glasm_convert.cpp
+        backend/glasm/emit_glasm_floating_point.cpp
+        backend/glasm/emit_glasm_image.cpp
+        backend/glasm/emit_glasm_instructions.h
+        backend/glasm/emit_glasm_integer.cpp
+        backend/glasm/emit_glasm_logical.cpp
+        backend/glasm/emit_glasm_memory.cpp
+        backend/glasm/emit_glasm_not_implemented.cpp
+        backend/glasm/emit_glasm_select.cpp
+        backend/glasm/emit_glasm_shared_memory.cpp
+        backend/glasm/emit_glasm_special.cpp
+        backend/glasm/emit_glasm_undefined.cpp
+        backend/glasm/emit_glasm_warp.cpp
+        backend/glasm/glasm_emit_context.cpp
+        backend/glasm/glasm_emit_context.h
+        backend/glasm/reg_alloc.cpp
+        backend/glasm/reg_alloc.h
+        backend/glsl/emit_glsl.cpp
+        backend/glsl/emit_glsl.h
+        backend/glsl/emit_glsl_atomic.cpp
+        backend/glsl/emit_glsl_barriers.cpp
+        backend/glsl/emit_glsl_bitwise_conversion.cpp
+        backend/glsl/emit_glsl_composite.cpp
+        backend/glsl/emit_glsl_context_get_set.cpp
+        backend/glsl/emit_glsl_control_flow.cpp
+        backend/glsl/emit_glsl_convert.cpp
+        backend/glsl/emit_glsl_floating_point.cpp
+        backend/glsl/emit_glsl_image.cpp
+        backend/glsl/emit_glsl_instructions.h
+        backend/glsl/emit_glsl_integer.cpp
+        backend/glsl/emit_glsl_logical.cpp
+        backend/glsl/emit_glsl_memory.cpp
+        backend/glsl/emit_glsl_not_implemented.cpp
+        backend/glsl/emit_glsl_select.cpp
+        backend/glsl/emit_glsl_shared_memory.cpp
+        backend/glsl/emit_glsl_special.cpp
+        backend/glsl/emit_glsl_undefined.cpp
+        backend/glsl/emit_glsl_warp.cpp
+        backend/glsl/glsl_emit_context.cpp
+        backend/glsl/glsl_emit_context.h
+        backend/glsl/var_alloc.cpp
+        backend/glsl/var_alloc.h)
+endif()
 
 target_link_libraries(shader_recompiler PUBLIC common fmt::fmt sirit::sirit)
 

src/shader_recompiler/ir_opt/global_memory_to_storage_buffer_pass.cpp

@@ -553,17 +553,6 @@ void GlobalMemoryToStorageBufferPass(IR::Program& program, const HostTranslateIn
     }
 }
 
-template <typename Descriptors, typename Descriptor, typename Func>
-static u32 Add(Descriptors& descriptors, const Descriptor& desc, Func&& pred) {
-    // TODO: Handle arrays
-    const auto it{std::ranges::find_if(descriptors, pred)};
-    if (it != descriptors.end()) {
-        return static_cast<u32>(std::distance(descriptors.begin(), it));
-    }
-    descriptors.push_back(desc);
-    return static_cast<u32>(descriptors.size()) - 1;
-}
-
 void JoinStorageInfo(Info& base, Info& source) {
     auto& descriptors = base.storage_buffers_descriptors;
     for (auto& desc : source.storage_buffers_descriptors) {

src/shader_recompiler/ir_opt/texture_pass.cpp

@@ -299,23 +299,128 @@ static inline bool IsTexturePixelFormatIntegerCached(Environment& env,
 }
 
 
-std::optional<ConstBufferAddr> Track(const IR::Value& value, Environment& env, const HostTranslateInfo& host_info);
+constexpr size_t PHI_TRACK_MAX_DEPTH = 3;
-static inline std::optional<ConstBufferAddr> TrackCached(const IR::Value& v, Environment& env, const HostTranslateInfo& host_info) {
+
+struct PhiTrackState {
+    boost::container::small_vector<const IR::Inst*, 8> active;
+    size_t depth{};
+};
+
+std::optional<ConstBufferAddr> Track(const IR::Value& value, Environment& env,
+                                     const HostTranslateInfo& host_info, PhiTrackState& state);
+static inline std::optional<ConstBufferAddr> TrackCached(const IR::Value& v, Environment& env,
+                                                         const HostTranslateInfo& host_info,
+                                                         PhiTrackState& state) {
     if (const IR::Inst* key = v.InstRecursive()) {
         if (auto it = env.track_cache.find(key); it != env.track_cache.end()) return it->second;
-        auto found = Track(v, env, host_info);
+        auto found = Track(v, env, host_info, state);
         if (found) env.track_cache.emplace(key, *found);
         return found;
     }
-    return Track(v, env, host_info);
+    return Track(v, env, host_info, state);
 }
 
-std::optional<ConstBufferAddr> TryGetConstBuffer(const IR::Inst* inst, Environment& env, const HostTranslateInfo& host_info);
+std::optional<ConstBufferAddr> TryGetConstBuffer(const IR::Inst* inst, Environment& env,
+                                                 const HostTranslateInfo& host_info,
+                                                 PhiTrackState& state);
 
-std::optional<ConstBufferAddr> Track(const IR::Value& value, Environment& env, const HostTranslateInfo& host_info) {
+bool IsSameConstBufferAddr(const ConstBufferAddr& lhs, const ConstBufferAddr& rhs) {
-    return IR::BreadthFirstSearch(value, [&env, &host_info](const IR::Inst* inst) {
+    return lhs.index == rhs.index && lhs.offset == rhs.offset &&
-        return TryGetConstBuffer(inst, env, host_info);
+           lhs.shift_left == rhs.shift_left && lhs.secondary_index == rhs.secondary_index &&
-    });
+           lhs.secondary_offset == rhs.secondary_offset &&
+           lhs.secondary_shift_left == rhs.secondary_shift_left && lhs.count == rhs.count &&
+           lhs.has_secondary == rhs.has_secondary && lhs.dynamic_offset == rhs.dynamic_offset;
+}
+
+std::optional<ConstBufferAddr> TrackUncached(const IR::Value& value, Environment& env,
+                                             const HostTranslateInfo& host_info,
+                                             PhiTrackState& state, bool& ambiguous);
+
+std::optional<ConstBufferAddr> TrackPhi(const IR::Inst* phi, Environment& env,
+                                        const HostTranslateInfo& host_info, PhiTrackState& state,
+                                        bool& ambiguous) {
+    if (state.depth >= PHI_TRACK_MAX_DEPTH) {
+        ambiguous = true;
+        return std::nullopt;
+    }
+    if (std::ranges::find(state.active, phi) != state.active.end()) {
+        return std::nullopt;
+    }
+    state.active.push_back(phi);
+    ++state.depth;
+
+    std::optional<ConstBufferAddr> agreed;
+    bool failed = false;
+    const size_t num_args{phi->NumArgs()};
+    for (size_t index = 0; index < num_args; ++index) {
+        const IR::Value arg{phi->Arg(index).Resolve()};
+        if (arg.IsImmediate()) {
+            failed = true;
+            break;
+        }
+        const IR::Inst* arg_inst{arg.InstRecursive()};
+        if (arg_inst == phi) {
+            continue;
+        }
+        if (std::ranges::find(state.active, arg_inst) != state.active.end()) {
+            continue;
+        }
+        bool operand_ambiguous = false;
+        const std::optional<ConstBufferAddr> operand{
+            TrackUncached(arg, env, host_info, state, operand_ambiguous)};
+        if (!operand || operand_ambiguous) {
+            failed = true;
+            break;
+        }
+        if (!agreed) {
+            agreed = operand;
+            continue;
+        }
+        if (!IsSameConstBufferAddr(*agreed, *operand)) {
+            failed = true;
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+
+    --state.depth;
+    state.active.pop_back();
+
+    if (failed || !agreed) {
+        ambiguous = true;
+        return std::nullopt;
+    }
+    return agreed;
+}
+
+std::optional<ConstBufferAddr> TrackUncached(const IR::Value& value, Environment& env,
+                                             const HostTranslateInfo& host_info,
+                                             PhiTrackState& state, bool& ambiguous) {
+    return IR::BreadthFirstSearch(
+        value, [&env, &host_info, &state, &ambiguous](
+                   const IR::Inst* inst) -> std::optional<ConstBufferAddr> {
+            if (inst->GetOpcode() == IR::Opcode::Phi) {
+                return TrackPhi(inst, env, host_info, state, ambiguous);
+            }
+            return TryGetConstBuffer(inst, env, host_info, state);
+        });
+}
+
+std::optional<ConstBufferAddr> Track(const IR::Value& value, Environment& env,
+                                     const HostTranslateInfo& host_info, PhiTrackState& state) {
+    if (!Settings::values.enable_shader_phi_tracking.GetValue()) {
+        return IR::BreadthFirstSearch(
+            value, [&env, &host_info, &state](
+                       const IR::Inst* inst) -> std::optional<ConstBufferAddr> {
+                return TryGetConstBuffer(inst, env, host_info, state);
+            });
+    }
+    bool ambiguous = false;
+    const std::optional<ConstBufferAddr> result{
+        TrackUncached(value, env, host_info, state, ambiguous)};
+    if (ambiguous) {
+        return std::nullopt;
+    }
+    return result;
 }
 
 std::optional<u32> TryGetConstant(IR::Value& value, Environment& env) {
@@ -339,13 +444,15 @@ std::optional<u32> TryGetConstant(IR::Value& value, Environment& env) {
     return ReadCbufCached(env, index_number, offset_number);
 }
 
-std::optional<ConstBufferAddr> TryGetConstBuffer(const IR::Inst* inst, Environment& env, const HostTranslateInfo& host_info) {
+std::optional<ConstBufferAddr> TryGetConstBuffer(const IR::Inst* inst, Environment& env,
+                                                 const HostTranslateInfo& host_info,
+                                                 PhiTrackState& state) {
     switch (inst->GetOpcode()) {
     default:
         return std::nullopt;
     case IR::Opcode::BitwiseOr32: {
-        std::optional lhs{TrackCached(inst->Arg(0), env, host_info)};
+        std::optional lhs{TrackCached(inst->Arg(0), env, host_info, state)};
-        std::optional rhs{TrackCached(inst->Arg(1), env, host_info)};
+        std::optional rhs{TrackCached(inst->Arg(1), env, host_info, state)};
         if (!lhs || !rhs) {
             return std::nullopt;
         }
@@ -375,7 +482,7 @@ std::optional<ConstBufferAddr> TryGetConstBuffer(const IR::Inst* inst, Environme
         if (!shift.IsImmediate()) {
             return std::nullopt;
         }
-        std::optional lhs{TrackCached(inst->Arg(0), env, host_info)};
+        std::optional lhs{TrackCached(inst->Arg(0), env, host_info, state)};
         if (lhs) {
             lhs->shift_left = shift.U32();
         }
@@ -403,7 +510,7 @@ std::optional<ConstBufferAddr> TryGetConstBuffer(const IR::Inst* inst, Environme
                 return std::nullopt;
             } while (false);
         }
-        std::optional lhs{TrackCached(op1, env, host_info)};
+        std::optional lhs{TrackCached(op1, env, host_info, state)};
         if (lhs) {
             lhs->shift_left = static_cast<u32>(std::countr_zero(op2.U32()));
         }
@@ -469,7 +576,9 @@ std::optional<ConstBufferAddr> TryGetConstBuffer(const IR::Inst* inst, Environme
 TextureInst MakeInst(Environment& env, IR::Block* block, IR::Inst& inst, const HostTranslateInfo& host_info) {
     ConstBufferAddr addr;
     if (IsBindless(inst)) {
-        const std::optional<ConstBufferAddr> track_addr{TrackCached(inst.Arg(0), env, host_info)};
+        PhiTrackState state;
+        const std::optional<ConstBufferAddr> track_addr{
+            TrackCached(inst.Arg(0), env, host_info, state)};
 
         if (!track_addr) {
             throw NotImplementedException("Failed to track bindless texture constant buffer");

src/video_core/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ add_library(video_core STATIC
     buffer_cache/buffer_cache.h
     buffer_cache/memory_tracker_base.h
     buffer_cache/usage_tracker.h
+    buffer_cache/virtual_range_cache.h
     buffer_cache/word_manager.h
     cache_types.h
     capture.h
@@ -166,6 +167,8 @@ add_library(video_core STATIC
     renderer_vulkan/vk_fence_manager.h
     renderer_vulkan/vk_graphics_pipeline.cpp
     renderer_vulkan/vk_graphics_pipeline.h
+    renderer_vulkan/vk_multi_range_buffer.cpp
+    renderer_vulkan/vk_multi_range_buffer.h
     renderer_vulkan/vk_master_semaphore.cpp
     renderer_vulkan/vk_master_semaphore.h
     renderer_vulkan/vk_pipeline_cache.cpp

src/video_core/buffer_cache/buffer_cache.h

@@ -112,6 +112,13 @@ void BufferCache<P>::TickFrame() {
     async_buffers_death_ring.clear();
 }
 
+template <class P>
+void BufferCache<P>::UnmapGPUMemory(size_t as_id, GPUVAddr gpu_addr, size_t size) {
+    if constexpr (requires { runtime.BindMultiRangeStorageBuffer(u64{}); }) {
+        virtual_ranges.Unmap(as_id, gpu_addr, size);
+    }
+}
+
 template <class P>
 void BufferCache<P>::WriteMemory(DAddr device_addr, u64 size) {
     if (memory_tracker.IsRegionGpuModified(device_addr, size)) {
@@ -998,11 +1005,85 @@ void BufferCache<P>::BindHostGraphicsUniformBuffer(size_t stage, u32 index, u32
     channel_state->fast_bound_uniform_buffers[stage] &= ~(1u << binding_index);
 }
 
+template <class P>
+void BufferCache<P>::ResolveMultiRangeStorage(Binding& binding, bool is_written,
+                                              std::vector<MultiRangeSegment>& pool) {
+    binding.segment_first = 0;
+    binding.segment_count = 0;
+    if constexpr (requires { runtime.BindMultiRangeStorageBuffer(u64{}); }) {
+        if (binding.gpu_addr == 0 || binding.size == 0) {
+            return;
+        }
+        if (is_written && !runtime.PrefersSparseSources()) {
+            return;
+        }
+        const VirtualSegments* found =
+            virtual_ranges.Query(*gpu_memory, binding.gpu_addr, binding.size);
+        if (!found || found->size() < 2) {
+            return;
+        }
+        const VirtualSegments segments = *found;
+        const u32 first = static_cast<u32>(pool.size());
+        const bool prefer_sparse = runtime.PrefersSparseSources();
+        for (const VirtualSegment& segment : segments) {
+            const BufferId buffer_id =
+                FindBuffer(segment.device_addr, segment.size, prefer_sparse);
+            if (!buffer_id) {
+                pool.resize(first);
+                return;
+            }
+            pool.push_back(MultiRangeSegment{
+                .buffer_id = buffer_id,
+                .device_addr = segment.device_addr,
+                .size = segment.size,
+            });
+        }
+        binding.segment_first = first;
+        binding.segment_count = static_cast<u32>(segments.size());
+    }
+}
+
+template <class P>
+bool BufferCache<P>::BindMultiRangeStorage(const Binding& binding, bool is_written,
+                                           std::span<const MultiRangeSegment> pool) {
+    if constexpr (requires { runtime.BindMultiRangeStorageBuffer(u64{}); }) {
+        if (binding.segment_count < 2) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        if (binding.segment_first + binding.segment_count > pool.size()) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        const u64 key = (static_cast<u64>(gpu_memory->GetID()) << 48) ^ binding.gpu_addr;
+        runtime.ResetMultiRange();
+        for (u32 index = 0; index < binding.segment_count; ++index) {
+            const MultiRangeSegment& segment = pool[binding.segment_first + index];
+            Buffer& buffer = slot_buffers[segment.buffer_id];
+            TouchBuffer(buffer, segment.buffer_id);
+            if (SynchronizeBuffer(buffer, segment.device_addr, segment.size)) {
+                runtime.InvalidateMultiRange(key);
+            }
+            const u32 offset = buffer.Offset(segment.device_addr);
+            buffer.MarkUsage(offset, segment.size);
+            if (is_written) {
+                MarkWrittenBuffer(segment.buffer_id, segment.device_addr, segment.size);
+            }
+            runtime.PushMultiRangeSource(buffer, offset, segment.size);
+        }
+        return runtime.BindMultiRangeStorageBuffer(key);
+    } else {
+        return false;
+    }
+}
+
 template <class P>
 void BufferCache<P>::BindHostGraphicsStorageBuffers(size_t stage) {
     u32 binding_index = 0;
     ForEachEnabledBit(channel_state->enabled_storage_buffers[stage], [&](u32 index) {
         const Binding& binding = channel_state->storage_buffers[stage][index];
+        const bool is_written = ((channel_state->written_storage_buffers[stage] >> index) & 1) != 0;
+        if (BindMultiRangeStorage(binding, is_written, graphics_segments)) {
+            return;
+        }
         Buffer& buffer = slot_buffers[binding.buffer_id];
         TouchBuffer(buffer, binding.buffer_id);
         const u32 size = binding.size;
@@ -1010,7 +1091,6 @@ void BufferCache<P>::BindHostGraphicsStorageBuffers(size_t stage) {
 
         const u32 offset = buffer.Offset(binding.device_addr);
         buffer.MarkUsage(offset, size);
-        const bool is_written = ((channel_state->written_storage_buffers[stage] >> index) & 1) != 0;
 
         if (is_written) {
             MarkWrittenBuffer(binding.buffer_id, binding.device_addr, size);
@@ -1139,6 +1219,11 @@ void BufferCache<P>::BindHostComputeStorageBuffers() {
     u32 binding_index = 0;
     ForEachEnabledBit(channel_state->enabled_compute_storage_buffers, [&](u32 index) {
         const Binding& binding = channel_state->compute_storage_buffers[index];
+        const bool is_written =
+            ((channel_state->written_compute_storage_buffers >> index) & 1) != 0;
+        if (BindMultiRangeStorage(binding, is_written, compute_segments)) {
+            return;
+        }
         Buffer& buffer = slot_buffers[binding.buffer_id];
         TouchBuffer(buffer, binding.buffer_id);
         const u32 size = binding.size;
@@ -1146,8 +1231,6 @@ void BufferCache<P>::BindHostComputeStorageBuffers() {
 
         const u32 offset = buffer.Offset(binding.device_addr);
         buffer.MarkUsage(offset, size);
-        const bool is_written =
-            ((channel_state->written_compute_storage_buffers >> index) & 1) != 0;
 
         if (is_written) {
             MarkWrittenBuffer(binding.buffer_id, binding.device_addr, size);
@@ -1193,6 +1276,7 @@ void BufferCache<P>::BindHostComputeTextureBuffers() {
 
 template <class P>
 void BufferCache<P>::DoUpdateGraphicsBuffers(bool is_indexed) {
+    graphics_segments.clear();
     BufferOperations([&]() {
         if (is_indexed) {
             UpdateIndexBuffer();
@@ -1212,6 +1296,7 @@ void BufferCache<P>::DoUpdateGraphicsBuffers(bool is_indexed) {
 
 template <class P>
 void BufferCache<P>::DoUpdateComputeBuffers() {
+    compute_segments.clear();
     BufferOperations([&]() {
         UpdateComputeUniformBuffers();
         UpdateComputeStorageBuffers();
@@ -1354,6 +1439,8 @@ void BufferCache<P>::UpdateStorageBuffers(size_t stage) {
         Binding& binding = channel_state->storage_buffers[stage][index];
         const BufferId buffer_id = FindBuffer(binding.device_addr, binding.size);
         binding.buffer_id = buffer_id;
+        const bool is_written = ((channel_state->written_storage_buffers[stage] >> index) & 1) != 0;
+        ResolveMultiRangeStorage(binding, is_written, graphics_segments);
     });
 }
 
@@ -1417,6 +1504,9 @@ void BufferCache<P>::UpdateComputeStorageBuffers() {
         // Resolve buffer
         Binding& binding = channel_state->compute_storage_buffers[index];
         binding.buffer_id = FindBuffer(binding.device_addr, binding.size);
+        const bool is_written =
+            ((channel_state->written_compute_storage_buffers >> index) & 1) != 0;
+        ResolveMultiRangeStorage(binding, is_written, compute_segments);
     });
 }
 
@@ -1440,7 +1530,7 @@ void BufferCache<P>::MarkWrittenBuffer(BufferId buffer_id, DAddr device_addr, u3
 }
 
 template <class P>
-BufferId BufferCache<P>::FindBuffer(DAddr device_addr, u32 size) {
+BufferId BufferCache<P>::FindBuffer(DAddr device_addr, u32 size, bool sparse_compatible) {
     if (device_addr == 0) {
         return NULL_BUFFER_ID;
     }
@@ -1450,10 +1540,18 @@ BufferId BufferCache<P>::FindBuffer(DAddr device_addr, u32 size) {
         Buffer& buffer = slot_buffers[buffer_id];
         WaitForGpuFenceIfNeeded(buffer);
         if (buffer.IsInBounds(device_addr, size)) {
-            return buffer_id;
+            bool usable = true;
+            if constexpr (requires { buffer.IsSparseCompatible(); }) {
+                if (sparse_compatible && !buffer.IsSparseCompatible()) {
+                    usable = false;
+                }
+            }
+            if (usable) {
+                return buffer_id;
+            }
         }
     }
-    return CreateBuffer(device_addr, size);
+    return CreateBuffer(device_addr, size, sparse_compatible);
 }
 
 template <class P>
@@ -1575,13 +1673,15 @@ void BufferCache<P>::JoinOverlap(BufferId new_buffer_id, BufferId overlap_id,
 }
 
 template <class P>
-BufferId BufferCache<P>::CreateBuffer(DAddr device_addr, u32 wanted_size) {
+BufferId BufferCache<P>::CreateBuffer(DAddr device_addr, u32 wanted_size,
+                                      bool sparse_compatible) {
     DAddr device_addr_end = Common::AlignUp(device_addr + wanted_size, CACHING_PAGESIZE);
     device_addr = Common::AlignDown(device_addr, CACHING_PAGESIZE);
     wanted_size = static_cast<u32>(device_addr_end - device_addr);
     const OverlapResult overlap = ResolveOverlaps(device_addr, wanted_size);
     const u32 size = static_cast<u32>(overlap.end - overlap.begin);
-    const BufferId new_buffer_id = slot_buffers.insert(runtime, overlap.begin, size);
+    const BufferId new_buffer_id =
+        slot_buffers.insert(runtime, overlap.begin, size, sparse_compatible);
     auto& new_buffer = slot_buffers[new_buffer_id];
     const size_t size_bytes = new_buffer.SizeBytes();
     runtime.ClearBuffer(new_buffer, 0, size_bytes, 0);
@@ -1831,6 +1931,9 @@ void BufferCache<P>::DownloadBufferMemory(Buffer& buffer, DAddr device_addr, u64
 
 template <class P>
 void BufferCache<P>::DeleteBuffer(BufferId buffer_id, bool do_not_mark) {
+    if constexpr (requires { runtime.OnBufferDeleted(slot_buffers[buffer_id]); }) {
+        runtime.OnBufferDeleted(slot_buffers[buffer_id]);
+    }
     bool dirty_index{false};
     boost::container::small_vector<u64, NUM_VERTEX_BUFFERS> dirty_vertex_buffers;
     const auto scalar_replace = [buffer_id](Binding& binding) {
@@ -1934,10 +2037,15 @@ Binding BufferCache<P>::StorageBufferBinding(GPUVAddr ssbo_addr, u32 cbuf_index,
     // The end address used for size calculation does not need to be aligned
     const DAddr cpu_end = Common::AlignUp(*device_addr + size, Core::DEVICE_PAGESIZE);
 
+    u32 binding_size = static_cast<u32>(cpu_end - *aligned_device_addr);
+    if (is_written) {
+        binding_size = aligned_size;
+    }
     const Binding binding{
         .device_addr = *aligned_device_addr,
-        .size = is_written ? aligned_size : static_cast<u32>(cpu_end - *aligned_device_addr),
+        .size = binding_size,
         .buffer_id = BufferId{},
+        .gpu_addr = aligned_gpu_addr,
     };
     return binding;
 }

src/video_core/buffer_cache/buffer_cache_base.h

@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@
 #include "common/settings.h"
 #include "common/slot_vector.h"
 #include "video_core/buffer_cache/buffer_base.h"
+#include "video_core/buffer_cache/virtual_range_cache.h"
 #include "video_core/control/channel_state_cache.h"
 #include "video_core/delayed_destruction_ring.h"
 #include "video_core/dirty_flags.h"
@@ -83,6 +84,15 @@ struct Binding {
     DAddr device_addr{};
     u32 size{};
     BufferId buffer_id;
+    GPUVAddr gpu_addr{};
+    u32 segment_first{};
+    u32 segment_count{};
+};
+
+struct MultiRangeSegment {
+    BufferId buffer_id;
+    DAddr device_addr{};
+    u32 size{};
 };
 
 struct TextureBufferBinding : Binding {
@@ -215,6 +225,14 @@ public:
 
     void TickFrame();
 
+    bool BindMultiRangeStorage(const Binding& binding, bool is_written,
+                               std::span<const MultiRangeSegment> pool);
+
+    void ResolveMultiRangeStorage(Binding& binding, bool is_written,
+                                  std::vector<MultiRangeSegment>& pool);
+
+    void UnmapGPUMemory(size_t as_id, GPUVAddr gpu_addr, size_t size);
+
     void WriteMemory(DAddr device_addr, u64 size);
 
     void CachedWriteMemory(DAddr device_addr, u64 size);
@@ -414,7 +432,8 @@ private:
 
     void MarkWrittenBuffer(BufferId buffer_id, DAddr device_addr, u32 size);
 
-    [[nodiscard]] BufferId FindBuffer(DAddr device_addr, u32 size);
+    [[nodiscard]] BufferId FindBuffer(DAddr device_addr, u32 size,
+                                      bool sparse_compatible = false);
 
     void WaitForGpuFenceIfNeeded(Buffer& buffer);
 
@@ -422,7 +441,8 @@ private:
 
     void JoinOverlap(BufferId new_buffer_id, BufferId overlap_id, bool accumulate_stream_score);
 
-    [[nodiscard]] BufferId CreateBuffer(DAddr device_addr, u32 wanted_size);
+    [[nodiscard]] BufferId CreateBuffer(DAddr device_addr, u32 wanted_size,
+                                        bool sparse_compatible = false);
 
     void Register(BufferId buffer_id);
 
@@ -514,6 +534,9 @@ private:
     };
     Common::LeastRecentlyUsedCache<LRUItemParams> lru_cache;
     u64 frame_tick = 0;
+    VirtualRangeCache virtual_ranges;
+    std::vector<MultiRangeSegment> graphics_segments;
+    std::vector<MultiRangeSegment> compute_segments;
     u64 total_used_memory = 0;
     u64 minimum_memory = 0;
     u64 critical_memory = 0;

src/video_core/buffer_cache/virtual_range_cache.h

@@ -0,0 +1,163 @@
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2026 Eden Emulator Project
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <atomic>
+#include <limits>
+#include <mutex>
+#include <optional>
+#include <unordered_map>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include <boost/container/small_vector.hpp>
+
+#include "common/common_types.h"
+#include "video_core/memory_manager.h"
+
+namespace VideoCommon {
+
+struct VirtualSegment {
+    GPUVAddr gpu_addr;
+    DAddr device_addr;
+    u32 size;
+};
+
+using VirtualSegments = boost::container::small_vector<VirtualSegment, 8>;
+
+class VirtualRangeCache {
+public:
+    const VirtualSegments* Query(Tegra::MemoryManager& memory, GPUVAddr gpu_addr, u32 size) {
+        if (has_deferred.load(std::memory_order_acquire)) {
+            ApplyDeferred();
+        }
+        const size_t as_id = memory.GetID();
+        const u64 key = MakeKey(as_id, gpu_addr);
+        const auto it = entries.find(key);
+        if (it != entries.end() && it->second.as_id == as_id &&
+            it->second.gpu_addr == gpu_addr && it->second.size == size) {
+            return &it->second.segments;
+        }
+        Entry entry;
+        entry.as_id = as_id;
+        entry.gpu_addr = gpu_addr;
+        entry.size = size;
+        const auto ranges = memory.GetSubmappedRange(gpu_addr, size);
+        GPUVAddr expected = gpu_addr;
+        bool contiguous = true;
+        for (const auto& [range_addr, range_size] : ranges) {
+            if (range_addr != expected || range_size == 0) {
+                contiguous = false;
+                break;
+            }
+            const std::optional<DAddr> device_addr = memory.GpuToCpuAddress(range_addr);
+            if (!device_addr || *device_addr == 0) {
+                contiguous = false;
+                break;
+            }
+            if (range_size > static_cast<size_t>((std::numeric_limits<u32>::max)())) {
+                contiguous = false;
+                break;
+            }
+            entry.segments.push_back(VirtualSegment{
+                .gpu_addr = range_addr,
+                .device_addr = *device_addr,
+                .size = static_cast<u32>(range_size),
+            });
+            expected += range_size;
+        }
+        if (!contiguous || expected != gpu_addr + size) {
+            entry.segments.clear();
+        }
+        const auto result = entries.insert_or_assign(key, std::move(entry));
+        return &result.first->second.segments;
+    }
+
+    void Unmap(size_t as_id, GPUVAddr gpu_addr, u64 size) {
+        if (size == 0) {
+            return;
+        }
+        {
+            std::scoped_lock lock{deferred_mutex};
+            if (!deferred.empty()) {
+                DeferredUnmap& last = deferred.back();
+                if (last.as_id == as_id && last.gpu_addr + last.size == gpu_addr) {
+                    last.size += size;
+                    has_deferred.store(true, std::memory_order_release);
+                    return;
+                }
+            }
+            deferred.push_back(DeferredUnmap{
+                .as_id = as_id,
+                .gpu_addr = gpu_addr,
+                .size = size,
+            });
+        }
+        has_deferred.store(true, std::memory_order_release);
+    }
+
+    void Clear() {
+        {
+            std::scoped_lock lock{deferred_mutex};
+            deferred.clear();
+        }
+        has_deferred.store(false, std::memory_order_release);
+        entries.clear();
+    }
+
+private:
+    struct Entry {
+        size_t as_id{};
+        GPUVAddr gpu_addr{};
+        u32 size{};
+        VirtualSegments segments;
+    };
+
+    struct DeferredUnmap {
+        size_t as_id;
+        GPUVAddr gpu_addr;
+        u64 size;
+    };
+
+    static u64 MakeKey(size_t as_id, GPUVAddr gpu_addr) {
+        return (static_cast<u64>(as_id) << 48) ^ gpu_addr;
+    }
+
+    void ApplyDeferred() {
+        std::vector<DeferredUnmap> pending;
+        {
+            std::scoped_lock lock{deferred_mutex};
+            has_deferred.store(false, std::memory_order_release);
+            pending.swap(deferred);
+        }
+        if (pending.empty() || entries.empty()) {
+            return;
+        }
+        for (auto it = entries.begin(); it != entries.end();) {
+            const Entry& entry = it->second;
+            const GPUVAddr entry_end = entry.gpu_addr + entry.size;
+            bool overlaps = false;
+            for (const DeferredUnmap& unmap : pending) {
+                if (unmap.as_id != entry.as_id) {
+                    continue;
+                }
+                if (entry.gpu_addr < unmap.gpu_addr + unmap.size && unmap.gpu_addr < entry_end) {
+                    overlaps = true;
+                    break;
+                }
+            }
+            if (overlaps) {
+                it = entries.erase(it);
+            } else {
+                ++it;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    std::unordered_map<u64, Entry> entries;
+    std::vector<DeferredUnmap> deferred;
+    std::mutex deferred_mutex;
+    std::atomic<bool> has_deferred{false};
+};
+
+} // namespace VideoCommon

src/video_core/host1x/codec_types.h

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
 
 #include <array>
 #include <vector>
+#include <type_traits>
 
 #include "common/bit_field.h"
 #include "common/common_funcs.h"

src/video_core/host1x/nvdec_common.h

@@ -1,8 +1,15 @@
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2026 Eden Emulator Project
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later
+
 // SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2020 yuzu Emulator Project
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
 
 #pragma once
 
+#include <array>
+#include <cstddef>
+#include <type_traits>
+
 #include "common/bit_field.h"
 #include "common/common_funcs.h"
 #include "common/common_types.h"

src/video_core/host1x/vic.h

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 #pragma once
 
 #include <memory>
+#include <type_traits>
 
 #include "common/common_types.h"
 #include "common/scratch_buffer.h"

src/video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_buffer_cache.cpp

@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ constexpr std::array PROGRAM_LUT{
 Buffer::Buffer(BufferCacheRuntime&, VideoCommon::NullBufferParams null_params)
     : VideoCommon::BufferBase(null_params) {}
 
-Buffer::Buffer(BufferCacheRuntime& runtime, DAddr cpu_addr_, u64 size_bytes_)
+Buffer::Buffer(BufferCacheRuntime& runtime, DAddr cpu_addr_, u64 size_bytes_, bool)
     : VideoCommon::BufferBase(cpu_addr_, size_bytes_) {
     buffer.Create();
     if (runtime.device.HasDebuggingToolAttached()) {

src/video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_buffer_cache.h

@@ -23,7 +23,8 @@ class BufferCacheRuntime;
 
 class Buffer : public VideoCommon::BufferBase {
 public:
-    explicit Buffer(BufferCacheRuntime&, DAddr cpu_addr, u64 size_bytes);
+    explicit Buffer(BufferCacheRuntime&, DAddr cpu_addr, u64 size_bytes,
+                    bool sparse_compatible = false);
     explicit Buffer(BufferCacheRuntime&, VideoCommon::NullBufferParams);
 
     void ImmediateUpload(size_t offset, std::span<const u8> data) noexcept;

src/video_core/renderer_vulkan/vk_buffer_cache.cpp

@@ -56,7 +56,8 @@ size_t BytesPerIndex(VkIndexType index_type) {
     }
 }
 
-vk::Buffer CreateBuffer(const Device& device, const MemoryAllocator& memory_allocator, u64 size) {
+vk::Buffer CreateBuffer(const Device& device, const MemoryAllocator& memory_allocator, u64 size,
+                        VkDeviceSize sparse_alignment) {
     VkBufferUsageFlags flags =
         VK_BUFFER_USAGE_TRANSFER_SRC_BIT | VK_BUFFER_USAGE_TRANSFER_DST_BIT |
         VK_BUFFER_USAGE_UNIFORM_TEXEL_BUFFER_BIT | VK_BUFFER_USAGE_STORAGE_TEXEL_BUFFER_BIT |
@@ -82,6 +83,9 @@ vk::Buffer CreateBuffer(const Device& device, const MemoryAllocator& memory_allo
         .queueFamilyIndexCount = 0,
         .pQueueFamilyIndices = nullptr,
     };
+    if (sparse_alignment > 1) {
+        return memory_allocator.CreateBuffer(buffer_ci, MemoryUsage::DeviceLocal, sparse_alignment);
+    }
     return memory_allocator.CreateBuffer(buffer_ci, MemoryUsage::DeviceLocal);
 }
 } // Anonymous namespace
@@ -99,10 +103,14 @@ Buffer::Buffer(BufferCacheRuntime& runtime, VideoCommon::NullBufferParams null_p
     }
 }
 
-Buffer::Buffer(BufferCacheRuntime& runtime, DAddr cpu_addr_, u64 size_bytes_)
+Buffer::Buffer(BufferCacheRuntime& runtime, DAddr cpu_addr_, u64 size_bytes_,
+               bool sparse_compatible_)
     : VideoCommon::BufferBase(cpu_addr_, size_bytes_), device{&runtime.device},
       scheduler{&runtime.scheduler},
-      buffer{CreateBuffer(*device, runtime.memory_allocator, SizeBytes())}, tracker{SizeBytes()} {
+      buffer{CreateBuffer(*device, runtime.memory_allocator, SizeBytes(),
+                          runtime.SparseAlignmentFor(sparse_compatible_))},
+      tracker{SizeBytes()} {
+    sparse_compatible = sparse_compatible_;
     if (runtime.device.HasDebuggingToolAttached()) {
         buffer.SetObjectNameEXT(fmt::format("Buffer {:#x}", CpuAddr()).c_str());
     }
@@ -348,7 +356,8 @@ BufferCacheRuntime::BufferCacheRuntime(const Device& device_, MemoryAllocator& m
     : device{device_}, memory_allocator{memory_allocator_}, scheduler{scheduler_},
       staging_pool{staging_pool_}, guest_descriptor_queue{guest_descriptor_queue_},
       quad_index_pass(device, scheduler, descriptor_pool, staging_pool,
-                      compute_pass_descriptor_queue) {
+                      compute_pass_descriptor_queue),
+      multi_range_buffers(device_, memory_allocator_, scheduler_) {
     const VkDriverIdKHR driver_id = device.GetDriverID();
     limit_dynamic_storage_buffers = driver_id == VK_DRIVER_ID_QUALCOMM_PROPRIETARY ||
                                     driver_id == VK_DRIVER_ID_ARM_PROPRIETARY;
@@ -536,6 +545,33 @@ void BufferCacheRuntime::ClearBuffer(VkBuffer dest_buffer, u32 offset, size_t si
     });
 }
 
+bool BufferCacheRuntime::BindMultiRangeStorageBuffer(u64 key) {
+    if (multi_range_sources.empty() || multi_range_total == 0) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    const MultiRangeRef ref = multi_range_buffers.Get(key, multi_range_sources, multi_range_total);
+    if (ref.handle == VK_NULL_HANDLE) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    if (ref.needs_gather) {
+        PreCopyBarrier();
+        VkDeviceSize dst_offset = 0;
+        for (const MultiRangeSource& source : multi_range_sources) {
+            const std::array<VideoCommon::BufferCopy, 1> copy{VideoCommon::BufferCopy{
+                .src_offset = static_cast<u64>(source.offset),
+                .dst_offset = static_cast<u64>(dst_offset),
+                .size = static_cast<size_t>(source.size),
+            }};
+            CopyBuffer(ref.handle, source.handle, copy, false);
+            dst_offset += source.size;
+        }
+        PostCopyBarrier();
+        multi_range_buffers.MarkGathered(key);
+    }
+    guest_descriptor_queue.AddBuffer(ref.handle, ref.address, 0, ref.size);
+    return true;
+}
+
 void BufferCacheRuntime::BindIndexBuffer(PrimitiveTopology topology, IndexFormat index_format,
                                          u32 base_vertex, u32 num_indices, VkBuffer buffer,
                                          u32 offset, [[maybe_unused]] u32 size) {

src/video_core/renderer_vulkan/vk_buffer_cache.h

@@ -8,11 +8,14 @@
 
 #include <limits>
 
+#include <boost/container/small_vector.hpp>
+
 #include "video_core/buffer_cache/buffer_cache_base.h"
 #include "video_core/buffer_cache/memory_tracker_base.h"
 #include "video_core/buffer_cache/usage_tracker.h"
 #include "video_core/engines/maxwell_3d.h"
 #include "video_core/renderer_vulkan/vk_compute_pass.h"
+#include "video_core/renderer_vulkan/vk_multi_range_buffer.h"
 #include "video_core/renderer_vulkan/vk_staging_buffer_pool.h"
 #include "video_core/renderer_vulkan/vk_update_descriptor.h"
 #include "video_core/surface.h"
@@ -31,7 +34,8 @@ class BufferCacheRuntime;
 class Buffer : public VideoCommon::BufferBase {
 public:
     explicit Buffer(BufferCacheRuntime&, VideoCommon::NullBufferParams null_params);
-    explicit Buffer(BufferCacheRuntime& runtime, VAddr cpu_addr_, u64 size_bytes_);
+    explicit Buffer(BufferCacheRuntime& runtime, VAddr cpu_addr_, u64 size_bytes_,
+                    bool sparse_compatible_ = false);
 
     [[nodiscard]] VkBufferView View(u32 offset, u32 size, VideoCore::Surface::PixelFormat format);
 
@@ -43,6 +47,14 @@ public:
         return device_address;
     }
 
+    [[nodiscard]] bool IsSparseCompatible() const noexcept {
+        return sparse_compatible;
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] vk::MemoryLocation Location() const noexcept {
+        return buffer.Location();
+    }
+
     [[nodiscard]] bool IsRegionUsed(u64 offset, u64 size) const noexcept {
         return tracker.IsUsed(offset, size);
     }
@@ -77,6 +89,7 @@ private:
     VkDeviceAddress device_address{};
     u64 last_usage_tick{};
     bool is_null{};
+    bool sparse_compatible{};
 };
 
 class QuadArrayIndexBuffer;
@@ -125,7 +138,7 @@ public:
 
     void PreCopyBarrier();
 
-    void CopyBuffer(VkBuffer src_buffer, VkBuffer dst_buffer,
+    void CopyBuffer(VkBuffer dst_buffer, VkBuffer src_buffer,
                     std::span<const VideoCommon::BufferCopy> copies, bool barrier,
                     bool can_reorder_upload = false);
 
@@ -155,6 +168,45 @@ public:
         return ref.mapped_span;
     }
 
+    [[nodiscard]] VkDeviceSize SparseAlignmentFor(bool sparse_compatible) const noexcept {
+        if (!sparse_compatible || !multi_range_buffers.UsesSparse()) {
+            return 0;
+        }
+        return multi_range_buffers.BlockSize();
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] bool PrefersSparseSources() const noexcept {
+        return multi_range_buffers.UsesSparse();
+    }
+
+    void ResetMultiRange() noexcept {
+        multi_range_sources.clear();
+        multi_range_total = 0;
+    }
+
+    void PushMultiRangeSource(const Buffer& buffer, u32 offset, u32 size) {
+        const vk::MemoryLocation location = buffer.Location();
+        multi_range_sources.push_back(MultiRangeSource{
+            .handle = buffer.Handle(),
+            .memory = location.memory,
+            .memory_offset = location.offset,
+            .offset = offset,
+            .size = size,
+            .memory_type = location.memory_type,
+        });
+        multi_range_total += size;
+    }
+
+    bool BindMultiRangeStorageBuffer(u64 key);
+
+    void InvalidateMultiRange(u64 key) {
+        multi_range_buffers.Invalidate(key);
+    }
+
+    void OnBufferDeleted(const Buffer& buffer) {
+        multi_range_buffers.DropOwner(buffer.Handle());
+    }
+
     void BindUniformBuffer(const Buffer& buffer, u32 offset, u32 size) {
         BindBuffer(buffer, offset, size);
     }
@@ -208,6 +260,10 @@ private:
     std::unique_ptr<Uint8Pass> uint8_pass;
     QuadIndexedPass quad_index_pass;
 
+    MultiRangeBufferCache multi_range_buffers;
+    boost::container::small_vector<MultiRangeSource, 16> multi_range_sources;
+    VkDeviceSize multi_range_total{};
+
     bool limit_dynamic_storage_buffers = false;
     u32 max_dynamic_storage_buffers = (std::numeric_limits<u32>::max)();
 };

src/video_core/renderer_vulkan/vk_multi_range_buffer.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,341 @@
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2026 Eden Emulator Project
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later
+
+#include <mutex>
+
+#include "video_core/renderer_vulkan/vk_multi_range_buffer.h"
+#include "video_core/renderer_vulkan/vk_scheduler.h"
+#include "video_core/vulkan_common/vulkan_device.h"
+
+namespace Vulkan {
+
+MultiRangeBufferCache::MultiRangeBufferCache(const Device& device_,
+                                             MemoryAllocator& memory_allocator_,
+                                             Scheduler& scheduler_)
+    : device{device_}, memory_allocator{memory_allocator_}, scheduler{scheduler_} {
+    sparse_usage = VK_BUFFER_USAGE_TRANSFER_SRC_BIT | VK_BUFFER_USAGE_TRANSFER_DST_BIT |
+                   VK_BUFFER_USAGE_STORAGE_BUFFER_BIT;
+    if (device.IsBufferDeviceAddressSupported()) {
+        sparse_usage |= VK_BUFFER_USAGE_SHADER_DEVICE_ADDRESS_BIT;
+    }
+    if (!device.IsSparseBindingSupported()) {
+        return;
+    }
+    u32 memory_type_bits = 0;
+    const VkDeviceSize queried = QueryBlockSize(memory_type_bits);
+    if (queried == 0 || memory_type_bits == 0) {
+        return;
+    }
+    block_size = queried;
+    sparse_memory_type_bits = memory_type_bits;
+    use_sparse = true;
+}
+
+MultiRangeBufferCache::~MultiRangeBufferCache() {
+    const VkDevice logical = *device.GetLogical();
+    const auto& dld = device.GetDispatchLoader();
+    for (auto& [key, entry] : entries) {
+        if (entry.sparse_handle != VK_NULL_HANDLE) {
+            dld.vkDestroyBuffer(logical, entry.sparse_handle, nullptr);
+        }
+    }
+    entries.clear();
+    for (const Retired& item : retired) {
+        dld.vkDestroyBuffer(logical, item.handle, nullptr);
+    }
+    retired.clear();
+}
+
+VkDeviceSize MultiRangeBufferCache::QueryBlockSize(u32& memory_type_bits) const {
+    const VkDevice logical = *device.GetLogical();
+    const auto& dld = device.GetDispatchLoader();
+    const VkBufferCreateInfo probe_ci{
+        .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_BUFFER_CREATE_INFO,
+        .pNext = nullptr,
+        .flags = VK_BUFFER_CREATE_SPARSE_BINDING_BIT | VK_BUFFER_CREATE_SPARSE_ALIASED_BIT,
+        .size = DEFAULT_BLOCK_SIZE,
+        .usage = sparse_usage,
+        .sharingMode = VK_SHARING_MODE_EXCLUSIVE,
+        .queueFamilyIndexCount = 0,
+        .pQueueFamilyIndices = nullptr,
+    };
+    VkBuffer probe{};
+    if (dld.vkCreateBuffer(logical, &probe_ci, nullptr, &probe) != VK_SUCCESS) {
+        return 0;
+    }
+    const VkBufferMemoryRequirementsInfo2 reqs_info{
+        .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_BUFFER_MEMORY_REQUIREMENTS_INFO_2,
+        .pNext = nullptr,
+        .buffer = probe,
+    };
+    VkMemoryRequirements2 reqs2{
+        .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_MEMORY_REQUIREMENTS_2,
+        .pNext = nullptr,
+        .memoryRequirements = {},
+    };
+    dld.vkGetBufferMemoryRequirements2(logical, &reqs_info, &reqs2);
+    dld.vkDestroyBuffer(logical, probe, nullptr);
+    memory_type_bits = reqs2.memoryRequirements.memoryTypeBits;
+    return reqs2.memoryRequirements.alignment;
+}
+
+u64 MultiRangeBufferCache::HashSources(std::span<const MultiRangeSource> sources) const {
+    u64 hash = 0xcbf29ce484222325ULL;
+    const auto mix = [&hash](u64 value) {
+        hash ^= value;
+        hash *= 0x100000001b3ULL;
+    };
+    for (const MultiRangeSource& source : sources) {
+        mix(reinterpret_cast<u64>(source.handle));
+        mix(static_cast<u64>(source.offset));
+        mix(static_cast<u64>(source.size));
+    }
+    return hash;
+}
+
+bool MultiRangeBufferCache::CanBindSparse(std::span<const MultiRangeSource> sources) const {
+    if (!UsesSparse()) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    for (const MultiRangeSource& source : sources) {
+        if (source.memory == VK_NULL_HANDLE) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        if (source.memory_type >= 32) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        if (((sparse_memory_type_bits >> source.memory_type) & 1) == 0) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        const VkDeviceSize memory_offset = source.memory_offset + source.offset;
+        if ((memory_offset % block_size) != 0) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        if ((source.size % block_size) != 0) {
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+VkBuffer MultiRangeBufferCache::CreateSparse(std::span<const MultiRangeSource> sources,
+                                             VkDeviceSize total) {
+    const VkDevice logical = *device.GetLogical();
+    const auto& dld = device.GetDispatchLoader();
+    const VkBufferCreateInfo buffer_ci{
+        .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_BUFFER_CREATE_INFO,
+        .pNext = nullptr,
+        .flags = VK_BUFFER_CREATE_SPARSE_BINDING_BIT | VK_BUFFER_CREATE_SPARSE_ALIASED_BIT,
+        .size = total,
+        .usage = sparse_usage,
+        .sharingMode = VK_SHARING_MODE_EXCLUSIVE,
+        .queueFamilyIndexCount = 0,
+        .pQueueFamilyIndices = nullptr,
+    };
+    VkBuffer handle{};
+    if (dld.vkCreateBuffer(logical, &buffer_ci, nullptr, &handle) != VK_SUCCESS) {
+        return VK_NULL_HANDLE;
+    }
+    std::vector<VkSparseMemoryBind> binds;
+    binds.reserve(sources.size());
+    VkDeviceSize resource_offset = 0;
+    for (const MultiRangeSource& source : sources) {
+        binds.push_back(VkSparseMemoryBind{
+            .resourceOffset = resource_offset,
+            .size = source.size,
+            .memory = source.memory,
+            .memoryOffset = source.memory_offset + source.offset,
+            .flags = 0,
+        });
+        resource_offset += source.size;
+    }
+    const VkSparseBufferMemoryBindInfo buffer_bind{
+        .buffer = handle,
+        .bindCount = static_cast<u32>(binds.size()),
+        .pBinds = binds.data(),
+    };
+    const VkBindSparseInfo bind_info{
+        .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_BIND_SPARSE_INFO,
+        .pNext = nullptr,
+        .waitSemaphoreCount = 0,
+        .pWaitSemaphores = nullptr,
+        .bufferBindCount = 1,
+        .pBufferBinds = &buffer_bind,
+        .imageOpaqueBindCount = 0,
+        .pImageOpaqueBinds = nullptr,
+        .imageBindCount = 0,
+        .pImageBinds = nullptr,
+        .signalSemaphoreCount = 0,
+        .pSignalSemaphores = nullptr,
+    };
+    const VkFenceCreateInfo fence_ci{
+        .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_FENCE_CREATE_INFO,
+        .pNext = nullptr,
+        .flags = 0,
+    };
+    vk::Fence fence = device.GetLogical().CreateFence(fence_ci);
+    VkResult bind_result = VK_ERROR_UNKNOWN;
+    {
+        std::scoped_lock lock{scheduler.submit_mutex};
+        bind_result = device.GetGraphicsQueue().BindSparse(bind_info, *fence);
+    }
+    if (bind_result != VK_SUCCESS) {
+        dld.vkDestroyBuffer(logical, handle, nullptr);
+        return VK_NULL_HANDLE;
+    }
+    fence.Wait();
+    return handle;
+}
+
+void MultiRangeBufferCache::DestroySparse(VkBuffer handle) {
+    if (handle == VK_NULL_HANDLE) {
+        return;
+    }
+    retired.push_back(Retired{
+        .handle = handle,
+        .tick = scheduler.CurrentTick(),
+    });
+}
+
+void MultiRangeBufferCache::DrainRetired() {
+    const VkDevice logical = *device.GetLogical();
+    const auto& dld = device.GetDispatchLoader();
+    size_t index = 0;
+    while (index < retired.size()) {
+        if (scheduler.IsFree(retired[index].tick)) {
+            dld.vkDestroyBuffer(logical, retired[index].handle, nullptr);
+            retired[index] = retired.back();
+            retired.pop_back();
+        } else {
+            ++index;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+MultiRangeRef MultiRangeBufferCache::Get(u64 key, std::span<const MultiRangeSource> sources,
+                                         VkDeviceSize total) {
+    if (sources.empty() || total == 0) {
+        return MultiRangeRef{};
+    }
+    if (!retired.empty()) {
+        DrainRetired();
+    }
+    const u64 geometry = HashSources(sources);
+    const auto it = entries.find(key);
+    if (it != entries.end() && it->second.geometry == geometry && it->second.size == total) {
+        Entry& entry = it->second;
+        MultiRangeRef ref{
+            .handle = entry.sparse_handle,
+            .address = entry.address,
+            .size = entry.size,
+            .needs_gather = false,
+        };
+        if (entry.sparse_handle == VK_NULL_HANDLE) {
+            ref.handle = *entry.gathered;
+            ref.needs_gather = entry.dirty;
+        }
+        return ref;
+    }
+    if (it != entries.end()) {
+        DestroySparse(it->second.sparse_handle);
+        entries.erase(it);
+    }
+
+    Entry entry;
+    entry.geometry = geometry;
+    entry.size = total;
+    if (CanBindSparse(sources)) {
+        entry.sparse_handle = CreateSparse(sources, total);
+        if (entry.sparse_handle != VK_NULL_HANDLE) {
+            entry.owners.reserve(sources.size());
+            for (const MultiRangeSource& source : sources) {
+                entry.owners.push_back(source.handle);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    if (entry.sparse_handle == VK_NULL_HANDLE) {
+        VkBufferUsageFlags flags = VK_BUFFER_USAGE_TRANSFER_SRC_BIT |
+                                   VK_BUFFER_USAGE_TRANSFER_DST_BIT |
+                                   VK_BUFFER_USAGE_STORAGE_BUFFER_BIT;
+        if (device.IsBufferDeviceAddressSupported()) {
+            flags |= VK_BUFFER_USAGE_SHADER_DEVICE_ADDRESS_BIT;
+        }
+        const VkBufferCreateInfo gather_ci{
+            .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_BUFFER_CREATE_INFO,
+            .pNext = nullptr,
+            .flags = 0,
+            .size = total,
+            .usage = flags,
+            .sharingMode = VK_SHARING_MODE_EXCLUSIVE,
+            .queueFamilyIndexCount = 0,
+            .pQueueFamilyIndices = nullptr,
+        };
+        entry.gathered = memory_allocator.CreateBuffer(gather_ci, MemoryUsage::DeviceLocal);
+        entry.dirty = true;
+    }
+    if (device.IsBufferDeviceAddressSupported()) {
+        VkBuffer address_handle = entry.sparse_handle;
+        if (address_handle == VK_NULL_HANDLE) {
+            address_handle = *entry.gathered;
+        }
+        entry.address = device.GetLogical().GetBufferDeviceAddress(address_handle);
+    }
+
+    MultiRangeRef ref{
+        .handle = entry.sparse_handle,
+        .address = entry.address,
+        .size = entry.size,
+        .needs_gather = false,
+    };
+    if (entry.sparse_handle == VK_NULL_HANDLE) {
+        ref.handle = *entry.gathered;
+        ref.needs_gather = true;
+    }
+    entries.emplace(key, std::move(entry));
+    return ref;
+}
+
+void MultiRangeBufferCache::MarkGathered(u64 key) {
+    const auto it = entries.find(key);
+    if (it != entries.end()) {
+        it->second.dirty = false;
+    }
+}
+
+void MultiRangeBufferCache::DropOwner(VkBuffer owner) {
+    if (owner == VK_NULL_HANDLE) {
+        return;
+    }
+    for (auto it = entries.begin(); it != entries.end();) {
+        Entry& entry = it->second;
+        bool owned = false;
+        for (const VkBuffer handle : entry.owners) {
+            if (handle == owner) {
+                owned = true;
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+        if (owned) {
+            DestroySparse(entry.sparse_handle);
+            it = entries.erase(it);
+        } else {
+            ++it;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+void MultiRangeBufferCache::Invalidate(u64 key) {
+    const auto it = entries.find(key);
+    if (it != entries.end()) {
+        it->second.dirty = true;
+    }
+}
+
+void MultiRangeBufferCache::Clear() {
+    for (auto& [key, entry] : entries) {
+        DestroySparse(entry.sparse_handle);
+    }
+    entries.clear();
+}
+
+} // namespace Vulkan

src/video_core/renderer_vulkan/vk_multi_range_buffer.h

@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2026 Eden Emulator Project
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <span>
+#include <unordered_map>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include "common/common_types.h"
+#include "video_core/vulkan_common/vulkan_memory_allocator.h"
+#include "video_core/vulkan_common/vulkan_wrapper.h"
+
+namespace Vulkan {
+
+class Device;
+class Scheduler;
+
+struct MultiRangeSource {
+    VkBuffer handle{};
+    VkDeviceMemory memory{};
+    VkDeviceSize memory_offset{};
+    VkDeviceSize offset{};
+    VkDeviceSize size{};
+    u32 memory_type{};
+};
+
+struct MultiRangeRef {
+    VkBuffer handle{};
+    VkDeviceAddress address{};
+    VkDeviceSize size{};
+    bool needs_gather{};
+};
+
+class MultiRangeBufferCache final {
+public:
+    static constexpr VkDeviceSize DEFAULT_BLOCK_SIZE = 64 * 1024;
+
+    explicit MultiRangeBufferCache(const Device& device_, MemoryAllocator& memory_allocator_,
+                                   Scheduler& scheduler_);
+    ~MultiRangeBufferCache();
+
+    MultiRangeBufferCache(const MultiRangeBufferCache&) = delete;
+    MultiRangeBufferCache& operator=(const MultiRangeBufferCache&) = delete;
+
+    [[nodiscard]] bool UsesSparse() const noexcept {
+        return use_sparse;
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] VkDeviceSize BlockSize() const noexcept {
+        return block_size;
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] MultiRangeRef Get(u64 key, std::span<const MultiRangeSource> sources,
+                                    VkDeviceSize total);
+
+    void MarkGathered(u64 key);
+
+    void Invalidate(u64 key);
+
+    void DropOwner(VkBuffer owner);
+
+    void Clear();
+
+private:
+    struct Retired {
+        VkBuffer handle{};
+        u64 tick{};
+    };
+
+    struct Entry {
+        vk::Buffer gathered;
+        VkBuffer sparse_handle{};
+        VkDeviceAddress address{};
+        VkDeviceSize size{};
+        u64 geometry{};
+        bool dirty{true};
+        std::vector<VkBuffer> owners;
+    };
+
+    [[nodiscard]] u64 HashSources(std::span<const MultiRangeSource> sources) const;
+
+    [[nodiscard]] bool CanBindSparse(std::span<const MultiRangeSource> sources) const;
+
+    [[nodiscard]] VkBuffer CreateSparse(std::span<const MultiRangeSource> sources,
+                                        VkDeviceSize total);
+
+    [[nodiscard]] VkDeviceSize QueryBlockSize(u32& memory_type_bits) const;
+
+    void DestroySparse(VkBuffer handle);
+
+    void DrainRetired();
+
+    const Device& device;
+    MemoryAllocator& memory_allocator;
+    Scheduler& scheduler;
+    bool use_sparse{};
+    VkDeviceSize block_size{DEFAULT_BLOCK_SIZE};
+    u32 sparse_memory_type_bits{};
+    VkBufferUsageFlags sparse_usage{};
+    std::unordered_map<u64, Entry> entries;
+    std::vector<Retired> retired;
+};
+
+} // namespace Vulkan

src/video_core/renderer_vulkan/vk_present_manager.cpp

@@ -338,7 +338,7 @@ void PresentManager::PresentThread(std::stop_token token) {
             // By exchanging the lock ownership we take the swapchain lock
             // before the queue lock goes out of scope. This way the swapchain
             // lock in WaitPresent is guaranteed to occur after here.
-            std::exchange(lock, std::unique_lock{swapchain_mutex});
+            void(std::exchange(lock, std::unique_lock{swapchain_mutex}));
             CopyToSwapchain(frame);
 
             // Free the frame for reuse

src/video_core/renderer_vulkan/vk_rasterizer.cpp

@@ -819,6 +819,7 @@ void RasterizerVulkan::ModifyGPUMemory(size_t as_id, GPUVAddr addr, u64 size) {
         std::scoped_lock lock{texture_cache.mutex};
         texture_cache.UnmapGPUMemory(as_id, addr, size);
     }
+    buffer_cache.UnmapGPUMemory(as_id, addr, size);
 }
 
 void RasterizerVulkan::SignalFence(std::function<void()>&& func) {

src/video_core/renderer_vulkan/vk_scheduler.cpp

@@ -300,7 +300,7 @@ void Scheduler::WorkerThread(std::stop_token stop_token) {
             // Exchange lock ownership so that we take the execution lock before
             // the queue lock goes out of scope. This allows us to force execution
             // to complete in the next step.
-            std::exchange(lk, std::unique_lock{execution_mutex});
+            void(std::exchange(lk, std::unique_lock{execution_mutex}));
 
             // Perform the work, tracking whether the chunk was a submission
             // before executing.

src/video_core/vulkan_common/vulkan_device.cpp

@@ -1570,6 +1570,8 @@ void Device::SetupFamilies(VkSurfaceKHR surface) {
     }
     if (graphics) {
         graphics_family = *graphics;
+        graphics_family_sparse_binding =
+            (queue_family_properties[*graphics].queueFlags & VK_QUEUE_SPARSE_BINDING_BIT) != 0;
     }
     if (present) {
         present_family = *present;

src/video_core/vulkan_common/vulkan_device.h

@@ -317,6 +317,10 @@ public:
         return properties.driver.driverID;
     }
 
+    bool IsSparseBindingSupported() const {
+        return features.features.sparseBinding && graphics_family_sparse_binding;
+    }
+
     /// Returns true for tile-based deferred renderers.
     bool IsTiler() const {
         switch (GetDriverID()) {
@@ -1146,6 +1150,7 @@ private:
     bool owns_static_pipeline_cache{};
     u32 instance_version{};      ///< Vulkan instance version.
     u32 graphics_family{};       ///< Main graphics queue family index.
+    bool graphics_family_sparse_binding{};
     u32 present_family{};        ///< Main present queue family index.
 
     struct Extensions {

src/video_core/vulkan_common/vulkan_memory_allocator.cpp

@@ -26,350 +26,374 @@
 #include "common/settings.h"
 
 namespace Vulkan {
-    namespace {
+namespace {
 
 // Helpers translating MemoryUsage to flags/usage
 
-        [[maybe_unused]] VkMemoryPropertyFlags MemoryUsagePropertyFlags(MemoryUsage usage) {
+    [[maybe_unused]] VkMemoryPropertyFlags MemoryUsagePropertyFlags(MemoryUsage usage) {
-            switch (usage) {
+        switch (usage) {
-                case MemoryUsage::DeviceLocal:
+            case MemoryUsage::DeviceLocal:
-                    return VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_DEVICE_LOCAL_BIT;
+                return VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_DEVICE_LOCAL_BIT;
-                case MemoryUsage::Upload:
+            case MemoryUsage::Upload:
-                    return VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_VISIBLE_BIT |
+                return VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_VISIBLE_BIT |
-                           VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_COHERENT_BIT;
+                        VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_COHERENT_BIT;
-                case MemoryUsage::Download:
+            case MemoryUsage::Download:
-                    return VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_VISIBLE_BIT |
+                return VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_VISIBLE_BIT |
-                           VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_COHERENT_BIT |
+                        VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_COHERENT_BIT |
-                           VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_CACHED_BIT;
+                        VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_CACHED_BIT;
-                case MemoryUsage::Stream:
+            case MemoryUsage::Stream:
-                    return VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_DEVICE_LOCAL_BIT |
+                return VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_DEVICE_LOCAL_BIT |
-                           VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_VISIBLE_BIT |
+                        VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_VISIBLE_BIT |
-                           VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_COHERENT_BIT;
+                        VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_COHERENT_BIT;
-            }
-            ASSERT_MSG(false, "Invalid memory usage={}", usage);
-            return VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_VISIBLE_BIT | VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_COHERENT_BIT;
         }
+        ASSERT_MSG(false, "Invalid memory usage={}", usage);
+        return VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_VISIBLE_BIT | VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_COHERENT_BIT;
+    }
 
-        [[nodiscard]] VkMemoryPropertyFlags MemoryUsagePreferredVmaFlags(MemoryUsage usage) {
+    [[nodiscard]] VkMemoryPropertyFlags MemoryUsagePreferredVmaFlags(MemoryUsage usage) {
-            if (usage == MemoryUsage::Download) {
+        if (usage == MemoryUsage::Download) {
-                return VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_CACHED_BIT | VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_COHERENT_BIT;
+            return VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_CACHED_BIT | VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_COHERENT_BIT;
-            }
-            return usage != MemoryUsage::DeviceLocal ? VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_COHERENT_BIT
-                                                     : VkMemoryPropertyFlagBits{};
         }
+        return usage != MemoryUsage::DeviceLocal ? VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_COHERENT_BIT
+                                                    : VkMemoryPropertyFlagBits{};
+    }
 
-        [[nodiscard]] VmaAllocationCreateFlags MemoryUsageVmaFlags(MemoryUsage usage) {
+    [[nodiscard]] VmaAllocationCreateFlags MemoryUsageVmaFlags(MemoryUsage usage) {
-            switch (usage) {
+        switch (usage) {
-                case MemoryUsage::Upload:
+            case MemoryUsage::Upload:
-                case MemoryUsage::Stream:
+            case MemoryUsage::Stream:
-                    return VMA_ALLOCATION_CREATE_MAPPED_BIT |
+                return VMA_ALLOCATION_CREATE_MAPPED_BIT |
-                           VMA_ALLOCATION_CREATE_HOST_ACCESS_SEQUENTIAL_WRITE_BIT;
+                        VMA_ALLOCATION_CREATE_HOST_ACCESS_SEQUENTIAL_WRITE_BIT;
-                case MemoryUsage::Download:
+            case MemoryUsage::Download:
-                    return VMA_ALLOCATION_CREATE_MAPPED_BIT |
+                return VMA_ALLOCATION_CREATE_MAPPED_BIT |
-                           VMA_ALLOCATION_CREATE_HOST_ACCESS_RANDOM_BIT;
+                        VMA_ALLOCATION_CREATE_HOST_ACCESS_RANDOM_BIT;
-                case MemoryUsage::DeviceLocal:
+            case MemoryUsage::DeviceLocal:
-                    return {};
+                return {};
-            }
-            return {};
         }
+        return {};
+    }
 
-        [[nodiscard]] VmaMemoryUsage MemoryUsageVma(MemoryUsage usage) {
+    [[nodiscard]] VmaMemoryUsage MemoryUsageVma(MemoryUsage usage) {
-            switch (usage) {
+        switch (usage) {
-                case MemoryUsage::DeviceLocal:
+            case MemoryUsage::DeviceLocal:
-                case MemoryUsage::Stream:
+            case MemoryUsage::Stream:
-                    return VMA_MEMORY_USAGE_AUTO_PREFER_DEVICE;
+                return VMA_MEMORY_USAGE_AUTO_PREFER_DEVICE;
-                case MemoryUsage::Upload:
+            case MemoryUsage::Upload:
-                case MemoryUsage::Download:
+            case MemoryUsage::Download:
-                    return VMA_MEMORY_USAGE_AUTO_PREFER_HOST;
+                return VMA_MEMORY_USAGE_AUTO_PREFER_HOST;
-            }
-            return VMA_MEMORY_USAGE_AUTO_PREFER_DEVICE;
         }
-
+        return VMA_MEMORY_USAGE_AUTO_PREFER_DEVICE;
-
+    }
-// This avoids calling vkGetBufferMemoryRequirements* directly.
+} // namespace
-        template<typename T>
-        static VkBuffer GetVkHandleFromBuffer(const T &buf) {
-            if constexpr (requires { static_cast<VkBuffer>(buf); }) {
-                return static_cast<VkBuffer>(buf);
-            } else if constexpr (requires {{ buf.GetHandle() } -> std::convertible_to<VkBuffer>; }) {
-                return buf.GetHandle();
-            } else if constexpr (requires {{ buf.Handle() } -> std::convertible_to<VkBuffer>; }) {
-                return buf.Handle();
-            } else if constexpr (requires {{ buf.vk_handle() } -> std::convertible_to<VkBuffer>; }) {
-                return buf.vk_handle();
-            } else {
-                static_assert(sizeof(T) == 0, "Cannot extract VkBuffer handle from vk::Buffer");
-                return VK_NULL_HANDLE;
-            }
-        }
-
-    } // namespace
 
 //MemoryCommit is now VMA-backed
-    MemoryCommit::MemoryCommit(VmaAllocator alloc, VmaAllocation a,
+MemoryCommit::MemoryCommit(VmaAllocator alloc, VmaAllocation a,
-                               const VmaAllocationInfo &info) noexcept
+                            const VmaAllocationInfo &info) noexcept
-            : allocator{alloc}, allocation{a}, memory{info.deviceMemory},
+        : allocator{alloc}, allocation{a}, memory{info.deviceMemory},
-              offset{info.offset}, size{info.size}, mapped_ptr{info.pMappedData} {
+            offset{info.offset}, size{info.size}, mapped_ptr{info.pMappedData} {
-        // Log GPU memory allocation
+    // Log GPU memory allocation
+    if (GPU::Logging::IsActive() &&
+        Settings::values.gpu_log_memory_tracking.GetValue()) {
+        GPU::Logging::GPULogger::GetInstance().LogMemoryAllocation(
+            reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(memory),
+            static_cast<u64>(size),
+            0  // Memory property flags (not easily available from VMA)
+        );
+    }
+}
+
+MemoryCommit::~MemoryCommit() { Release(); }
+
+MemoryCommit::MemoryCommit(MemoryCommit &&rhs) noexcept
+        : allocator{std::exchange(rhs.allocator, nullptr)},
+            allocation{std::exchange(rhs.allocation, nullptr)},
+            memory{std::exchange(rhs.memory, VK_NULL_HANDLE)},
+            offset{std::exchange(rhs.offset, 0)},
+            size{std::exchange(rhs.size, 0)},
+            mapped_ptr{std::exchange(rhs.mapped_ptr, nullptr)} {}
+
+MemoryCommit &MemoryCommit::operator=(MemoryCommit &&rhs) noexcept {
+    if (this != &rhs) {
+        Release();
+        allocator = std::exchange(rhs.allocator, nullptr);
+        allocation = std::exchange(rhs.allocation, nullptr);
+        memory = std::exchange(rhs.memory, VK_NULL_HANDLE);
+        offset = std::exchange(rhs.offset, 0);
+        size = std::exchange(rhs.size, 0);
+        mapped_ptr = std::exchange(rhs.mapped_ptr, nullptr);
+    }
+    return *this;
+}
+
+std::span<u8> MemoryCommit::Map()
+{
+    if (!allocation) return {};
+    if (!mapped_ptr) {
+        if (vmaMapMemory(allocator, allocation, &mapped_ptr) != VK_SUCCESS) return {};
+    }
+    const size_t n = static_cast<size_t>(std::min<VkDeviceSize>(size,
+                                                                (std::numeric_limits<size_t>::max)()));
+    return std::span<u8>{static_cast<u8 *>(mapped_ptr), n};
+}
+
+std::span<const u8> MemoryCommit::Map() const
+{
+    if (!allocation) return {};
+    if (!mapped_ptr) {
+        void *p = nullptr;
+        if (vmaMapMemory(allocator, allocation, &p) != VK_SUCCESS) return {};
+        const_cast<MemoryCommit *>(this)->mapped_ptr = p;
+    }
+    const size_t n = static_cast<size_t>(std::min<VkDeviceSize>(size,
+                                                                (std::numeric_limits<size_t>::max)()));
+    return std::span<const u8>{static_cast<const u8 *>(mapped_ptr), n};
+}
+
+void MemoryCommit::Unmap()
+{
+    if (allocation && mapped_ptr) {
+        vmaUnmapMemory(allocator, allocation);
+        mapped_ptr = nullptr;
+    }
+}
+
+void MemoryCommit::Release() {
+    if (allocation && allocator) {
+        // Log GPU memory deallocation
         if (GPU::Logging::IsActive() &&
-            Settings::values.gpu_log_memory_tracking.GetValue()) {
+            Settings::values.gpu_log_memory_tracking.GetValue() &&
-            GPU::Logging::GPULogger::GetInstance().LogMemoryAllocation(
+            memory != VK_NULL_HANDLE) {
-                reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(memory),
+            GPU::Logging::GPULogger::GetInstance().LogMemoryDeallocation(
-                static_cast<u64>(size),
+                reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(memory)
-                0  // Memory property flags (not easily available from VMA)
             );
         }
-    }
 
-    MemoryCommit::~MemoryCommit() { Release(); }
+        if (mapped_ptr) {
-
-    MemoryCommit::MemoryCommit(MemoryCommit &&rhs) noexcept
-            : allocator{std::exchange(rhs.allocator, nullptr)},
-              allocation{std::exchange(rhs.allocation, nullptr)},
-              memory{std::exchange(rhs.memory, VK_NULL_HANDLE)},
-              offset{std::exchange(rhs.offset, 0)},
-              size{std::exchange(rhs.size, 0)},
-              mapped_ptr{std::exchange(rhs.mapped_ptr, nullptr)} {}
-
-    MemoryCommit &MemoryCommit::operator=(MemoryCommit &&rhs) noexcept {
-        if (this != &rhs) {
-            Release();
-            allocator = std::exchange(rhs.allocator, nullptr);
-            allocation = std::exchange(rhs.allocation, nullptr);
-            memory = std::exchange(rhs.memory, VK_NULL_HANDLE);
-            offset = std::exchange(rhs.offset, 0);
-            size = std::exchange(rhs.size, 0);
-            mapped_ptr = std::exchange(rhs.mapped_ptr, nullptr);
-        }
-        return *this;
-    }
-
-    std::span<u8> MemoryCommit::Map()
-    {
-        if (!allocation) return {};
-        if (!mapped_ptr) {
-            if (vmaMapMemory(allocator, allocation, &mapped_ptr) != VK_SUCCESS) return {};
-        }
-        const size_t n = static_cast<size_t>(std::min<VkDeviceSize>(size,
-                                                                    (std::numeric_limits<size_t>::max)()));
-        return std::span<u8>{static_cast<u8 *>(mapped_ptr), n};
-    }
-
-    std::span<const u8> MemoryCommit::Map() const
-    {
-        if (!allocation) return {};
-        if (!mapped_ptr) {
-            void *p = nullptr;
-            if (vmaMapMemory(allocator, allocation, &p) != VK_SUCCESS) return {};
-            const_cast<MemoryCommit *>(this)->mapped_ptr = p;
-        }
-        const size_t n = static_cast<size_t>(std::min<VkDeviceSize>(size,
-                                                                    (std::numeric_limits<size_t>::max)()));
-        return std::span<const u8>{static_cast<const u8 *>(mapped_ptr), n};
-    }
-
-    void MemoryCommit::Unmap()
-    {
-        if (allocation && mapped_ptr) {
             vmaUnmapMemory(allocator, allocation);
             mapped_ptr = nullptr;
         }
+        vmaFreeMemory(allocator, allocation);
     }
+    allocation = nullptr;
+    allocator = nullptr;
+    memory = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
+    offset = 0;
+    size = 0;
+}
 
-    void MemoryCommit::Release() {
+MemoryAllocator::MemoryAllocator(const Device &device_)
-        if (allocation && allocator) {
+        : device{device_}, allocator{device.GetAllocator()},
-            // Log GPU memory deallocation
+            properties{device_.GetPhysical().GetMemoryProperties().memoryProperties},
-            if (GPU::Logging::IsActive() &&
+            buffer_image_granularity{
-                Settings::values.gpu_log_memory_tracking.GetValue() &&
+                    device_.GetPhysical().GetProperties().limits.bufferImageGranularity} {
-                memory != VK_NULL_HANDLE) {
-                GPU::Logging::GPULogger::GetInstance().LogMemoryDeallocation(
-                    reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(memory)
-                );
-            }
 
-            if (mapped_ptr) {
+    // Preserve the previous "RenderDoc small heap" trimming behavior that we had in original vma minus the heap bug
-                vmaUnmapMemory(allocator, allocation);
+    if (device.HasDebuggingToolAttached())
-                mapped_ptr = nullptr;
+    {
-            }
+        using namespace Common::Literals;
-            vmaFreeMemory(allocator, allocation);
+        ForEachDeviceLocalHostVisibleHeap(device, [this](size_t heap_idx, VkMemoryHeap &heap) {
-        }
+            if (heap.size <= 256_MiB) {
-        allocation = nullptr;
+                for (u32 t = 0; t < properties.memoryTypeCount; ++t) {
-        allocator = nullptr;
+                    if (properties.memoryTypes[t].heapIndex == heap_idx) {
-        memory = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
+                        valid_memory_types &= ~(1u << t);
-        offset = 0;
-        size = 0;
-    }
-
-    MemoryAllocator::MemoryAllocator(const Device &device_)
-            : device{device_}, allocator{device.GetAllocator()},
-              properties{device_.GetPhysical().GetMemoryProperties().memoryProperties},
-              buffer_image_granularity{
-                      device_.GetPhysical().GetProperties().limits.bufferImageGranularity} {
-
-        // Preserve the previous "RenderDoc small heap" trimming behavior that we had in original vma minus the heap bug
-        if (device.HasDebuggingToolAttached())
-        {
-            using namespace Common::Literals;
-            ForEachDeviceLocalHostVisibleHeap(device, [this](size_t heap_idx, VkMemoryHeap &heap) {
-                if (heap.size <= 256_MiB) {
-                    for (u32 t = 0; t < properties.memoryTypeCount; ++t) {
-                        if (properties.memoryTypes[t].heapIndex == heap_idx) {
-                            valid_memory_types &= ~(1u << t);
-                        }
                     }
                 }
-            });
+            }
-        }
+        });
     }
+}
 
-    MemoryAllocator::~MemoryAllocator() = default;
+MemoryAllocator::~MemoryAllocator() = default;
 
-    vk::Image MemoryAllocator::CreateImage(const VkImageCreateInfo &ci) const
+vk::Image MemoryAllocator::CreateImage(const VkImageCreateInfo &ci) const
-    {
+{
-        const VmaAllocationCreateInfo alloc_ci = {
+    const VmaAllocationCreateInfo alloc_ci = {
-                .flags = VMA_ALLOCATION_CREATE_WITHIN_BUDGET_BIT,
+            .flags = VMA_ALLOCATION_CREATE_WITHIN_BUDGET_BIT,
-                .usage = VMA_MEMORY_USAGE_AUTO_PREFER_DEVICE,
+            .usage = VMA_MEMORY_USAGE_AUTO_PREFER_DEVICE,
-                .requiredFlags = 0,
-                .preferredFlags = VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_DEVICE_LOCAL_BIT,
-                .memoryTypeBits = 0,
-                .pool = VK_NULL_HANDLE,
-                .pUserData = nullptr,
-                .priority = 0.f,
-        };
-
-        VkImage handle{};
-        VmaAllocation allocation{};
-        VmaAllocationInfo alloc_info{};
-        vk::Check(vmaCreateImage(allocator, &ci, &alloc_ci, &handle, &allocation, &alloc_info));
-
-        // Log GPU memory allocation for images
-        if (GPU::Logging::IsActive() &&
-            Settings::values.gpu_log_memory_tracking.GetValue()) {
-            GPU::Logging::GPULogger::GetInstance().LogMemoryAllocation(
-                reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(alloc_info.deviceMemory),
-                static_cast<u64>(alloc_info.size),
-                VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_DEVICE_LOCAL_BIT
-            );
-        }
-
-        return vk::Image(handle, ci.usage, *device.GetLogical(), allocator, allocation,
-                         device.GetDispatchLoader());
-    }
-
-    vk::Buffer MemoryAllocator::CreateBuffer(const VkBufferCreateInfo &ci, MemoryUsage usage) const {
-        // MESA will do memcpy() if not marked as host cached, so just force mark it for most buffers
-        auto const anv_flags = (usage == MemoryUsage::Stream
-            && device.GetDriverID() == VK_DRIVER_ID_INTEL_OPEN_SOURCE_MESA)
-            ? VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_CACHED_BIT : 0;
-        const VmaAllocationCreateInfo alloc_ci = {
-            .flags = VMA_ALLOCATION_CREATE_WITHIN_BUDGET_BIT | MemoryUsageVmaFlags(usage),
-            .usage = MemoryUsageVma(usage),
             .requiredFlags = 0,
-            .preferredFlags = MemoryUsagePreferredVmaFlags(usage) | anv_flags,
+            .preferredFlags = VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_DEVICE_LOCAL_BIT,
-            .memoryTypeBits = usage == MemoryUsage::Stream ? 0u : valid_memory_types,
+            .memoryTypeBits = 0,
             .pool = VK_NULL_HANDLE,
             .pUserData = nullptr,
             .priority = 0.f,
-        };
+    };
 
-        VkBuffer handle{};
+    VkImage handle{};
-        VmaAllocationInfo alloc_info{};
+    VmaAllocation allocation{};
-        VmaAllocation allocation{};
+    VmaAllocationInfo alloc_info{};
-        VkMemoryPropertyFlags property_flags{};
+    vk::Check(vmaCreateImage(allocator, &ci, &alloc_ci, &handle, &allocation, &alloc_info));
 
-        vk::Check(vmaCreateBuffer(allocator, &ci, &alloc_ci, &handle, &allocation, &alloc_info));
+    // Log GPU memory allocation for images
-        vmaGetAllocationMemoryProperties(allocator, allocation, &property_flags);
+    if (GPU::Logging::IsActive() &&
-
+        Settings::values.gpu_log_memory_tracking.GetValue()) {
-        // Log GPU memory allocation for buffers
+        GPU::Logging::GPULogger::GetInstance().LogMemoryAllocation(
-        if (GPU::Logging::IsActive() &&
+            reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(alloc_info.deviceMemory),
-            Settings::values.gpu_log_memory_tracking.GetValue()) {
+            static_cast<u64>(alloc_info.size),
-            GPU::Logging::GPULogger::GetInstance().LogMemoryAllocation(
+            VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_DEVICE_LOCAL_BIT
-                reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(alloc_info.deviceMemory),
+        );
-                static_cast<u64>(alloc_info.size),
-                property_flags
-            );
-        }
-
-        u8 *data = reinterpret_cast<u8 *>(alloc_info.pMappedData);
-        const std::span<u8> mapped_data = data ? std::span<u8>{data, ci.size} : std::span<u8>{};
-        const bool is_coherent = (property_flags & VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_COHERENT_BIT) != 0;
-
-        return vk::Buffer(handle, *device.GetLogical(), allocator, allocation, mapped_data,
-                          is_coherent,
-                          device.GetDispatchLoader());
     }
 
-    MemoryCommit MemoryAllocator::Commit(const VkMemoryRequirements &reqs, MemoryUsage usage)
+    return vk::Image(handle, ci.usage, *device.GetLogical(), allocator, allocation,
-    {
+                        device.GetDispatchLoader());
-        const auto vma_usage = MemoryUsageVma(usage);
+}
-        VmaAllocationCreateInfo ci{};
-        ci.flags = VMA_ALLOCATION_CREATE_WITHIN_BUDGET_BIT | MemoryUsageVmaFlags(usage);
-        ci.usage = vma_usage;
-        ci.memoryTypeBits = reqs.memoryTypeBits & valid_memory_types;
-        ci.requiredFlags = 0;
-        ci.preferredFlags = MemoryUsagePreferredVmaFlags(usage);
 
-        VmaAllocation a{};
+vk::Buffer MemoryAllocator::CreateBuffer(const VkBufferCreateInfo &ci, MemoryUsage usage) const {
-        VmaAllocationInfo info{};
+    // MESA will do memcpy() if not marked as host cached, so just force mark it for most buffers
+    auto const anv_flags = (usage == MemoryUsage::Stream
+        && device.GetDriverID() == VK_DRIVER_ID_INTEL_OPEN_SOURCE_MESA)
+        ? VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_CACHED_BIT : 0;
+    const VmaAllocationCreateInfo alloc_ci = {
+        .flags = VMA_ALLOCATION_CREATE_WITHIN_BUDGET_BIT | MemoryUsageVmaFlags(usage),
+        .usage = MemoryUsageVma(usage),
+        .requiredFlags = 0,
+        .preferredFlags = MemoryUsagePreferredVmaFlags(usage) | anv_flags,
+        .memoryTypeBits = usage == MemoryUsage::Stream ? 0u : valid_memory_types,
+        .pool = VK_NULL_HANDLE,
+        .pUserData = nullptr,
+        .priority = 0.f,
+    };
 
-        VkResult res = vmaAllocateMemory(allocator, &reqs, &ci, &a, &info);
+    VkBuffer handle{};
+    VmaAllocationInfo alloc_info{};
+    VmaAllocation allocation{};
+    VkMemoryPropertyFlags property_flags{};
 
-        if (res != VK_SUCCESS) {
+    vk::Check(vmaCreateBuffer(allocator, &ci, &alloc_ci, &handle, &allocation, &alloc_info));
-            // Relax 1: drop budget constraint
+    vmaGetAllocationMemoryProperties(allocator, allocation, &property_flags);
-            auto ci2 = ci;
-            ci2.flags &= ~VMA_ALLOCATION_CREATE_WITHIN_BUDGET_BIT;
-            res = vmaAllocateMemory(allocator, &reqs, &ci2, &a, &info);
 
-            // Relax 2: if we preferred DEVICE_LOCAL, drop that preference
+    // Log GPU memory allocation for buffers
-            if (res != VK_SUCCESS && (ci.preferredFlags & VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_DEVICE_LOCAL_BIT)) {
+    if (GPU::Logging::IsActive() &&
-                auto ci3 = ci2;
+        Settings::values.gpu_log_memory_tracking.GetValue()) {
-                ci3.preferredFlags &= ~VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_DEVICE_LOCAL_BIT;
+        GPU::Logging::GPULogger::GetInstance().LogMemoryAllocation(
-                res = vmaAllocateMemory(allocator, &reqs, &ci3, &a, &info);
+            reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(alloc_info.deviceMemory),
-            }
+            static_cast<u64>(alloc_info.size),
-        }
+            property_flags
-
+        );
-        vk::Check(res);
-        return MemoryCommit(allocator, a, info);
     }
 
-    MemoryCommit MemoryAllocator::Commit(const vk::Buffer &buffer, MemoryUsage usage) {
+    u8 *data = reinterpret_cast<u8 *>(alloc_info.pMappedData);
-        // Allocate memory appropriate for this buffer automatically
+    const std::span<u8> mapped_data = data ? std::span<u8>{data, ci.size} : std::span<u8>{};
-        const auto vma_usage = MemoryUsageVma(usage);
+    const bool is_coherent = (property_flags & VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_COHERENT_BIT) != 0;
 
-        VmaAllocationCreateInfo ci{};
+    return vk::Buffer(handle, *device.GetLogical(), allocator, allocation, mapped_data,
-        ci.flags = VMA_ALLOCATION_CREATE_WITHIN_BUDGET_BIT | MemoryUsageVmaFlags(usage);
+                        is_coherent,
-        ci.usage = vma_usage;
+                        device.GetDispatchLoader());
-        ci.requiredFlags = 0;
+}
-        ci.preferredFlags = MemoryUsagePreferredVmaFlags(usage);
-        ci.pool = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
-        ci.pUserData = nullptr;
-        ci.priority = 0.0f;
 
-        const VkBuffer raw = *buffer;
+vk::Buffer MemoryAllocator::CreateBuffer(const VkBufferCreateInfo &ci, MemoryUsage usage,
+                                         VkDeviceSize min_alignment) const {
+    if (min_alignment <= 1) {
+        return CreateBuffer(ci, usage);
+    }
+    VkMemoryPropertyFlags anv_flags = 0;
+    if (usage == MemoryUsage::Stream &&
+        device.GetDriverID() == VK_DRIVER_ID_INTEL_OPEN_SOURCE_MESA) {
+        anv_flags = VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_CACHED_BIT;
+    }
+    u32 memory_type_bits = valid_memory_types;
+    if (usage == MemoryUsage::Stream) {
+        memory_type_bits = 0u;
+    }
+    const VmaAllocationCreateInfo alloc_ci = {
+        .flags = VMA_ALLOCATION_CREATE_WITHIN_BUDGET_BIT | MemoryUsageVmaFlags(usage),
+        .usage = MemoryUsageVma(usage),
+        .requiredFlags = 0,
+        .preferredFlags = MemoryUsagePreferredVmaFlags(usage) | anv_flags,
+        .memoryTypeBits = memory_type_bits,
+        .pool = VK_NULL_HANDLE,
+        .pUserData = nullptr,
+        .priority = 0.f,
+    };
 
-        VmaAllocation a{};
+    VkBuffer handle{};
-        VmaAllocationInfo info{};
+    VmaAllocationInfo alloc_info{};
+    VmaAllocation allocation{};
+    VkMemoryPropertyFlags property_flags{};
 
-        // Let VMA infer memory requirements from the buffer
+    vk::Check(vmaCreateBufferWithAlignment(allocator, &ci, &alloc_ci, min_alignment, &handle,
-        VkResult res = vmaAllocateMemoryForBuffer(allocator, raw, &ci, &a, &info);
+                                           &allocation, &alloc_info));
+    vmaGetAllocationMemoryProperties(allocator, allocation, &property_flags);
 
-        if (res != VK_SUCCESS) {
+    u8 *data = reinterpret_cast<u8 *>(alloc_info.pMappedData);
-            auto ci2 = ci;
+    std::span<u8> mapped_data{};
-            ci2.flags &= ~VMA_ALLOCATION_CREATE_WITHIN_BUDGET_BIT;
+    if (data) {
-            res = vmaAllocateMemoryForBuffer(allocator, raw, &ci2, &a, &info);
+        mapped_data = std::span<u8>{data, ci.size};
+    }
+    const bool is_coherent = (property_flags & VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_COHERENT_BIT) != 0;
 
-            if (res != VK_SUCCESS && (ci.preferredFlags & VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_DEVICE_LOCAL_BIT)) {
+    return vk::Buffer(handle, *device.GetLogical(), allocator, allocation, mapped_data, is_coherent,
-                auto ci3 = ci2;
+                      device.GetDispatchLoader());
-                ci3.preferredFlags &= ~VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_DEVICE_LOCAL_BIT;
+}
-                res = vmaAllocateMemoryForBuffer(allocator, raw, &ci3, &a, &info);
+
-            }
+MemoryCommit MemoryAllocator::Commit(const VkMemoryRequirements &reqs, MemoryUsage usage)
+{
+    const auto vma_usage = MemoryUsageVma(usage);
+    VmaAllocationCreateInfo ci{};
+    ci.flags = VMA_ALLOCATION_CREATE_WITHIN_BUDGET_BIT | MemoryUsageVmaFlags(usage);
+    ci.usage = vma_usage;
+    ci.memoryTypeBits = reqs.memoryTypeBits & valid_memory_types;
+    ci.requiredFlags = 0;
+    ci.preferredFlags = MemoryUsagePreferredVmaFlags(usage);
+
+    VmaAllocation a{};
+    VmaAllocationInfo info{};
+
+    VkResult res = vmaAllocateMemory(allocator, &reqs, &ci, &a, &info);
+
+    if (res != VK_SUCCESS) {
+        // Relax 1: drop budget constraint
+        auto ci2 = ci;
+        ci2.flags &= ~VMA_ALLOCATION_CREATE_WITHIN_BUDGET_BIT;
+        res = vmaAllocateMemory(allocator, &reqs, &ci2, &a, &info);
+
+        // Relax 2: if we preferred DEVICE_LOCAL, drop that preference
+        if (res != VK_SUCCESS && (ci.preferredFlags & VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_DEVICE_LOCAL_BIT)) {
+            auto ci3 = ci2;
+            ci3.preferredFlags &= ~VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_DEVICE_LOCAL_BIT;
+            res = vmaAllocateMemory(allocator, &reqs, &ci3, &a, &info);
         }
-
-        vk::Check(res);
-        vk::Check(vmaBindBufferMemory2(allocator, a, 0, raw, nullptr));
-        return MemoryCommit(allocator, a, info);
     }
 
+    vk::Check(res);
+    return MemoryCommit(allocator, a, info);
+}
 
+MemoryCommit MemoryAllocator::Commit(const vk::Buffer &buffer, MemoryUsage usage) {
+    // Allocate memory appropriate for this buffer automatically
+    const auto vma_usage = MemoryUsageVma(usage);
+
+    VmaAllocationCreateInfo ci{};
+    ci.flags = VMA_ALLOCATION_CREATE_WITHIN_BUDGET_BIT | MemoryUsageVmaFlags(usage);
+    ci.usage = vma_usage;
+    ci.requiredFlags = 0;
+    ci.preferredFlags = MemoryUsagePreferredVmaFlags(usage);
+    ci.pool = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
+    ci.pUserData = nullptr;
+    ci.priority = 0.0f;
+
+    const VkBuffer raw = *buffer;
+
+    VmaAllocation a{};
+    VmaAllocationInfo info{};
+
+    // Let VMA infer memory requirements from the buffer
+    VkResult res = vmaAllocateMemoryForBuffer(allocator, raw, &ci, &a, &info);
+
+    if (res != VK_SUCCESS) {
+        auto ci2 = ci;
+        ci2.flags &= ~VMA_ALLOCATION_CREATE_WITHIN_BUDGET_BIT;
+        res = vmaAllocateMemoryForBuffer(allocator, raw, &ci2, &a, &info);
+
+        if (res != VK_SUCCESS && (ci.preferredFlags & VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_DEVICE_LOCAL_BIT)) {
+            auto ci3 = ci2;
+            ci3.preferredFlags &= ~VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_DEVICE_LOCAL_BIT;
+            res = vmaAllocateMemoryForBuffer(allocator, raw, &ci3, &a, &info);
+        }
+    }
+
+    vk::Check(res);
+    vk::Check(vmaBindBufferMemory2(allocator, a, 0, raw, nullptr));
+    return MemoryCommit(allocator, a, info);
+}
 
 } // namespace Vulkan

src/video_core/vulkan_common/vulkan_memory_allocator.h

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2025 Eden Emulator Project
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2026 Eden Emulator Project
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later
 
 // SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2019 yuzu Emulator Project
@@ -107,6 +107,9 @@ namespace Vulkan {
 
         vk::Buffer CreateBuffer(const VkBufferCreateInfo &ci, MemoryUsage usage) const;
 
+        vk::Buffer CreateBuffer(const VkBufferCreateInfo &ci, MemoryUsage usage,
+                                VkDeviceSize min_alignment) const;
+
         /**
          * Commits a memory with the specified requirements.
          *

src/video_core/vulkan_common/vulkan_wrapper.cpp

@@ -229,6 +229,7 @@ void Load(VkDevice device, DeviceDispatch& dld) noexcept {
     X(vkGetPipelineExecutableStatisticsKHR);
     X(vkGetSemaphoreCounterValue);
     X(vkMapMemory);
+    X(vkQueueBindSparse);
     X(vkQueueSubmit);
     X(vkQueueSubmit2);
     X(vkResetFences);
@@ -539,6 +540,19 @@ void Buffer::SetObjectNameEXT(const char* name) const {
     SetObjectName(dld, owner, handle, VK_OBJECT_TYPE_BUFFER, name);
 }
 
+MemoryLocation Buffer::Location() const noexcept {
+    if (!allocation) {
+        return MemoryLocation{};
+    }
+    VmaAllocationInfo info{};
+    vmaGetAllocationInfo(allocator, allocation, &info);
+    return MemoryLocation{
+        .memory = info.deviceMemory,
+        .offset = info.offset,
+        .memory_type = info.memoryType,
+    };
+}
+
 void Buffer::Release() const noexcept {
     if (handle) {
         vmaDestroyBuffer(allocator, handle, allocation);

src/video_core/vulkan_common/vulkan_wrapper.h

@@ -345,6 +345,7 @@ struct DeviceDispatch : InstanceDispatch {
     PFN_vkGetQueryPoolResults vkGetQueryPoolResults{};
     PFN_vkGetSemaphoreCounterValue vkGetSemaphoreCounterValue{};
     PFN_vkMapMemory vkMapMemory{};
+    PFN_vkQueueBindSparse vkQueueBindSparse{};
     PFN_vkQueueSubmit vkQueueSubmit{};
     PFN_vkQueueSubmit2 vkQueueSubmit2{};
     PFN_vkResetFences vkResetFences{};
@@ -740,6 +741,12 @@ private:
     const DeviceDispatch* dld = nullptr;
 };
 
+struct MemoryLocation {
+    VkDeviceMemory memory{};
+    VkDeviceSize offset{};
+    u32 memory_type{};
+};
+
 class Buffer {
 public:
     explicit Buffer(VkBuffer handle_, VkDevice owner_, VmaAllocator allocator_,
@@ -811,6 +818,8 @@ public:
 
     void SetObjectNameEXT(const char* name) const;
 
+    MemoryLocation Location() const noexcept;
+
 private:
     void Release() const noexcept;
 
@@ -843,6 +852,11 @@ public:
         return dld->vkQueueSubmit2(queue, submit_infos.size(), submit_infos.data(), fence);
     }
 
+    VkResult BindSparse(Span<VkBindSparseInfo> bind_infos,
+                        VkFence fence = VK_NULL_HANDLE) const noexcept {
+        return dld->vkQueueBindSparse(queue, bind_infos.size(), bind_infos.data(), fence);
+    }
+
     VkResult Present(const VkPresentInfoKHR& present_info) const noexcept {
         return dld->vkQueuePresentKHR(queue, &present_info);
     }

src/yuzu/main_window.cpp

@@ -4796,6 +4796,6 @@ void VolumeButton::ResetMultiplier() {
 #endif
 
 #if !defined(QT_STATICPLUGIN) || defined(__APPLE__)
-#define VMA_IMPLEMENTATION
+#define VMA_IMPLEMENTATION 1
 #include "video_core/vulkan_common/vma.h"
 #endif

tools/cpm/cmake/package/version.cmake

@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ else()
 endif()
 
 # update cached cpmfile content
-string(JSON cpmfile SET "${cpmfile}" "${key}" "${new_object}")
+string(JSON cpmfile SET "${cpmfile}" "${KEY}" "${new_object}")
 
 # write cached cpmfile
 get_cpmfile_path(file)