Just a quick test

[shader_recompiler] Trackers on phi operands
[vulkan, buffer_cache] Enable sparse binding on buffer cache
2026-09-06 04:06:58 +00:00 · 2026-09-05 21:51:37 -04:00 · 2026-09-05 19:44:21 -04:00 · 2026-09-05 19:35:37 -04:00 · 2026-09-05 23:43:46 +02:00 · 2026-09-04 13:32:36 +02:00
59 changed files with 1863 additions and 973 deletions
@@ -0,0 +1,112 @@
+diff --git a/include/vk_mem_alloc.h b/include/vk_mem_alloc.h
+index 8df0364..4856064 100644
+--- a/include/vk_mem_alloc.h
+++ b/include/vk_mem_alloc.h
+@@ -3017,7 +3017,7 @@ remove them if not needed.
+ 
+ #if defined(__ANDROID_API__) && (__ANDROID_API__ < 16)
+ #include <cstdlib>
+-static void* vma_aligned_alloc(size_t alignment, size_t size)
+static inline void* vma_aligned_alloc(size_t alignment, size_t size)
+ {
+     // alignment must be >= sizeof(void*)
+     if(alignment < sizeof(void*))
+@@ -3860,7 +3860,7 @@ Returned value is the found element, if present in the collection or place where
+ new element with value (key) should be inserted.
+ */
+ template <typename CmpLess, typename IterT, typename KeyT>
+-static IterT VmaBinaryFindFirstNotLess(IterT beg, IterT end, const KeyT& key, const CmpLess& cmp)
+static inline IterT VmaBinaryFindFirstNotLess(IterT beg, IterT end, const KeyT& key, const CmpLess& cmp)
+ {
+     size_t down = 0;
+     size_t up = size_t(end - beg);
+@@ -3898,7 +3898,7 @@ Warning! O(n^2) complexity. Use only inside VMA_HEAVY_ASSERT.
+ T must be pointer type, e.g. VmaAllocation, VmaPool.
+ */
+ template<typename T>
+-static bool VmaValidatePointerArray(uint32_t count, const T* arr)
+static inline bool VmaValidatePointerArray(uint32_t count, const T* arr)
+ {
+     for (uint32_t i = 0; i < count; ++i)
+     {
+@@ -4188,13 +4188,13 @@ static void VmaFree(const VkAllocationCallbacks* pAllocationCallbacks, void* ptr
+ }
+ 
+ template<typename T>
+-static T* VmaAllocate(const VkAllocationCallbacks* pAllocationCallbacks)
+static inline T* VmaAllocate(const VkAllocationCallbacks* pAllocationCallbacks)
+ {
+     return (T*)VmaMalloc(pAllocationCallbacks, sizeof(T), VMA_ALIGN_OF(T));
+ }
+ 
+ template<typename T>
+-static T* VmaAllocateArray(const VkAllocationCallbacks* pAllocationCallbacks, size_t count)
+static inline T* VmaAllocateArray(const VkAllocationCallbacks* pAllocationCallbacks, size_t count)
+ {
+     return (T*)VmaMalloc(pAllocationCallbacks, sizeof(T) * count, VMA_ALIGN_OF(T));
+ }
+@@ -4204,14 +4204,14 @@ static T* VmaAllocateArray(const VkAllocationCallbacks* pAllocationCallbacks, si
+ #define vma_new_array(allocator, type, count)   new(VmaAllocateArray<type>((allocator), (count)))(type)
+ 
+ template<typename T>
+-static void vma_delete(const VkAllocationCallbacks* pAllocationCallbacks, T* ptr)
+static inline void vma_delete(const VkAllocationCallbacks* pAllocationCallbacks, T* ptr)
+ {
+     ptr->~T();
+     VmaFree(pAllocationCallbacks, ptr);
+ }
+ 
+ template<typename T>
+-static void vma_delete_array(const VkAllocationCallbacks* pAllocationCallbacks, T* ptr, size_t count)
+static inline void vma_delete_array(const VkAllocationCallbacks* pAllocationCallbacks, T* ptr, size_t count)
+ {
+     if (ptr != VMA_NULL)
+     {
+@@ -4658,13 +4658,13 @@ void VmaVector<T, AllocatorT>::remove(size_t index)
+ #endif // _VMA_VECTOR_FUNCTIONS
+ 
+ template<typename T, typename allocatorT>
+-static void VmaVectorInsert(VmaVector<T, allocatorT>& vec, size_t index, const T& item)
+static inline void VmaVectorInsert(VmaVector<T, allocatorT>& vec, size_t index, const T& item)
+ {
+     vec.insert(index, item);
+ }
+ 
+ template<typename T, typename allocatorT>
+-static void VmaVectorRemove(VmaVector<T, allocatorT>& vec, size_t index)
+static inline void VmaVectorRemove(VmaVector<T, allocatorT>& vec, size_t index)
+ {
+     vec.remove(index);
+ }
+@@ -10620,19 +10620,19 @@ static void VmaFree(VmaAllocator hAllocator, void* ptr)
+ }
+ 
+ template<typename T>
+-static T* VmaAllocate(VmaAllocator hAllocator)
+static inline T* VmaAllocate(VmaAllocator hAllocator)
+ {
+     return (T*)VmaMalloc(hAllocator, sizeof(T), VMA_ALIGN_OF(T));
+ }
+ 
+ template<typename T>
+-static T* VmaAllocateArray(VmaAllocator hAllocator, size_t count)
+static inline T* VmaAllocateArray(VmaAllocator hAllocator, size_t count)
+ {
+     return (T*)VmaMalloc(hAllocator, sizeof(T) * count, VMA_ALIGN_OF(T));
+ }
+ 
+ template<typename T>
+-static void vma_delete(VmaAllocator hAllocator, T* ptr)
+static inline void vma_delete(VmaAllocator hAllocator, T* ptr)
+ {
+     if(ptr != VMA_NULL)
+     {
+@@ -10642,7 +10642,7 @@ static void vma_delete(VmaAllocator hAllocator, T* ptr)
+ }
+ 
+ template<typename T>
+-static void vma_delete_array(VmaAllocator hAllocator, T* ptr, size_t count)
+static inline void vma_delete_array(VmaAllocator hAllocator, T* ptr, size_t count)
+ {
+     if(ptr != VMA_NULL)
+     {
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@

 cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.31)

+set(CMAKE_OSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET "15.0" CACHE STRING "macOS deployment target")
 project(yuzu)

 list(APPEND CMAKE_MODULE_PATH "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/CMakeModules")
@@ -512,7 +513,7 @@ endfunction()
 # =============================================

 if (APPLE)
-    foreach(fw Carbon Metal Cocoa IOKit CoreVideo CoreMedia Security UniformTypeIdentifiers)
+    foreach(fw Carbon Metal Cocoa IOKit CoreVideo CoreMedia Security UniformTypeIdentifiers Foundation)
        find_library(${fw}_LIBRARY ${fw} REQUIRED)
        list(APPEND PLATFORM_LIBRARIES ${${fw}_LIBRARY})
    endforeach()
@@ -1,12 +1,4 @@
 {
-    "": {
-        "ci": true,
-        "hash": "9f50d993c39529e022ad456163de91ac5934e16faf8fc348f305355fc0a643c534f87ded707e11bd03bcbc0a1760bd20852b6533a67ac0558a078385181cb184",
-        "name": "SDL3",
-        "package": "SDL3",
-        "repo": "crueter-ci/SDL3",
-        "version": "3.4.14-1788231389-147a8ee32d"
-    },
    "biscuit": {
        "hash": "1229f345b014f7ca544dedb4edb3311e41ba736f9aa9a67f88b5f26f3c983288c6bb6cdedcfb0b8a02c63088a37e6a0d7ba97d9c2a4d721b213916327cffe28a",
        "min_version": "0.9.1",
@@ -68,10 +60,10 @@
    },
    "discord-rpc": {
        "find_args": "MODULE",
-        "hash": "8213c43dcb0f7d479f5861091d111ed12fbdec1e62e6d729d65a4bc181d82f48a35d5fd3cd5c291f2393ac7c9681eabc6b76609755f55376284c8a8d67e148f3",
+        "hash": "8d680b3a16d6f6bf292ad823cf8635595ff986f2a49f758e3009f505b540a9d75194a8cf44cddea75736a8c3e3b5160166e716a0939ce3f18cc463cf648753fe",
        "package": "DiscordRPC",
        "repo": "eden-emulator/discord-rpc",
-        "version": "0d8b2d6a37"
+        "version": "76616d8675"
    },
    "enet": {
        "find_args": "MODULE",
@@ -311,6 +303,9 @@
        "find_args": "CONFIG",
        "hash": "deb5902ef8db0e329fbd5f3f4385eb0e26bdd9f14f3a2334823fb3fe18f36bc5d235d620d6e5f6fe3551ec3ea7038638899db8778c09f6d5c278f5ff95c3344b",
        "package": "VulkanMemoryAllocator",
+        "patches": [
+            "0001-macos-clang.patch"
+        ],
        "repo": "GPUOpen-LibrariesAndSDKs/VulkanMemoryAllocator",
        "version": "v3.3.0"
    },
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@
 #include <limits>
 #include <span>
 #include <array>
+#include <algorithm>
 #include <time.h>

 namespace Tz {
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later

 #include <string>
+#include <cstdlib>
 #include <string_view>
 #ifdef _WIN32
 #include <llvm/Demangle/Demangle.h>
@@ -7,25 +7,18 @@
 #include <vector>

 #include "common/assert.h"
-#include "common/bit_util.h"
 #include "common/fs/file.h"
 #include "common/fs/fs.h"
-#include "common/fs/fs_types.h"
 #ifdef __ANDROID__
 #include "common/fs/fs_android.h"
 #endif
 #include "common/logging.h"
-#include "common/literals.h"

 #ifdef _WIN32
 #include <io.h>
 #include <share.h>
-#include <windows.h>
 #else
 #include <unistd.h>
-#include <sys/mman.h>
-#include <sys/stat.h>
-#include <fcntl.h>
 #endif

 #ifdef _MSC_VER
@@ -43,13 +36,13 @@ namespace {
 #ifdef _WIN32

 /**
-* Converts the file access mode and file type enums to a file access mode wide string.
-*
-* @param mode File access mode
-* @param type File type
-*
-* @returns A pointer to a wide string representing the file access mode.
-*/
+ * Converts the file access mode and file type enums to a file access mode wide string.
+ *
+ * @param mode File access mode
+ * @param type File type
+ *
+ * @returns A pointer to a wide string representing the file access mode.
+ */
 [[nodiscard]] constexpr const wchar_t* AccessModeToWStr(FileAccessMode mode, FileType type) {
    switch (type) {
    case FileType::BinaryFile:
@@ -86,12 +79,12 @@ namespace {
 }

 /**
-* Converts the file-share access flag enum to a Windows defined file-share access flag.
-*
-* @param flag File-share access flag
-*
-* @returns Windows defined file-share access flag.
-*/
+ * Converts the file-share access flag enum to a Windows defined file-share access flag.
+ *
+ * @param flag File-share access flag
+ *
+ * @returns Windows defined file-share access flag.
+ */
 [[nodiscard]] constexpr int ToWindowsFileShareFlag(FileShareFlag flag) {
    switch (flag) {
    case FileShareFlag::ShareNone:
@@ -109,13 +102,13 @@ namespace {
 #else

 /**
-* Converts the file access mode and file type enums to a file access mode string.
-*
-* @param mode File access mode
-* @param type File type
-*
-* @returns A pointer to a string representing the file access mode.
-*/
+ * Converts the file access mode and file type enums to a file access mode string.
+ *
+ * @param mode File access mode
+ * @param type File type
+ *
+ * @returns A pointer to a string representing the file access mode.
+ */
 [[nodiscard]] constexpr const char* AccessModeToStr(FileAccessMode mode, FileType type) {
    switch (type) {
    case FileType::BinaryFile:
@@ -154,12 +147,12 @@ namespace {
 #endif

 /**
-* Converts the seek origin enum to a seek origin integer.
-*
-* @param origin Seek origin
-*
-* @returns Seek origin integer.
-*/
+ * Converts the seek origin enum to a seek origin integer.
+ *
+ * @param origin Seek origin
+ *
+ * @returns Seek origin integer.
+ */
 [[nodiscard]] constexpr int ToSeekOrigin(SeekOrigin origin) {
    switch (origin) {
    case SeekOrigin::SetOrigin:
@@ -185,7 +178,7 @@ std::string ReadStringFromFile(const std::filesystem::path& path, FileType type)
 }

 size_t WriteStringToFile(const std::filesystem::path& path, FileType type,
-                        std::string_view string) {
+                         std::string_view string) {
    if (Exists(path) && !IsFile(path)) {
        return 0;
    }
@@ -196,7 +189,7 @@ size_t WriteStringToFile(const std::filesystem::path& path, FileType type,
 }

 size_t AppendStringToFile(const std::filesystem::path& path, FileType type,
-                        std::string_view string) {
+                          std::string_view string) {
    if (Exists(path) && !IsFile(path)) {
        return 0;
    }
@@ -251,189 +244,69 @@ FileType IOFile::GetType() const {
    return file_type;
 }

-#if defined(__unix__)
-static int PlatformMapReadOnly(IOFile& io, const char* path) {
-    io.mmap_fd = open(path, O_RDONLY);
-    if (io.mmap_fd > 0) {
-        struct stat st;
-        fstat(io.mmap_fd, &st);
-        io.mmap_size = st.st_size;
-
-        int map_flags = MAP_PRIVATE;
-#ifdef MAP_PREFAULT_READ
-        // Prefaults reads so the final resulting pagetable from this big stupid mmap()
-        // isn't comically lazily loaded, we just coalesce everything in-place for our
-        // lovely mmap flags; if we didn't prefault the reads the page table will be
-        // constructed in-place (i.e on a read-by-read basis) causing lovely soft-faults
-        // which would nuke any performance gains.
-        //
-        // This of course incurs a cost in the initial mmap(2) call, but that is fine.
-        map_flags |= MAP_PREFAULT_READ;
-#endif
-#ifdef MAP_NOSYNC
-        // This causes physical media to not be synched to our file/memory
-        // This means that if the read-only file is written to, we won't see changes
-        // or we may see changes which are just funnily scattered, in any case
-        // this presumes the files won't be changed during execution
-        //
-        // Do not ever use this on write files (if we ever support that); this will create
-        // a fun amount of fragmentation on the disk.
-        map_flags |= MAP_NOSYNC;
-#endif
-#if defined(NDEBUG) && defined(MAP_NOCORE)
-        map_flags |= MAP_NOCORE;
-#endif
-#ifdef MAP_HUGE_2MB
-        map_flags |= MAP_HUGE_2MB; //2mb pages
-#elif defined(MAP_ALIGNED)
-        // File must be big enough that it's worth to super align. We can't just super-align every
-        // file otherwise we will run out of alignments for actually important files :)
-        // System doesn't guarantee a super alignment, but if it's available it will delete
-        // about 3 layers(?) of the TLB tree for each read/write.
-        // Again the cost of faults may make this negligible gains, but hey, we gotta work
-        // what we gotta work with.
-        map_flags |= MAP_ALIGNED(21); //2^21 = 2mb use 2MB pages
-#endif
-        io.mmap_base = (u8*)mmap(nullptr, io.mmap_size, PROT_READ, map_flags, io.mmap_fd, 0);
-        if (io.mmap_base == MAP_FAILED) {
-            close(io.mmap_fd);
-            io.mmap_fd = -1;
-        } else {
-            using namespace Common::Literals;
-            // For small files it is acceptable to use a full readahead
-            // See https://github.com/torvalds/linux/blob/e80d033851b3bc94c3d254ac66660ddd0a49d72c/include/linux/pagemap.h#L1392
-            if (u64(st.st_size) >= 256_MiB) {
-                posix_madvise(io.mmap_base, io.mmap_size, POSIX_MADV_RANDOM);
-            } else {
-                posix_madvise(io.mmap_base, io.mmap_size, POSIX_MADV_SEQUENTIAL);
-            }
-        }
-    }
-    return io.mmap_fd;
-}
-static void PlatformUnmap(IOFile& io) {
-    if (io.mmap_fd != -1) {
-        munmap(io.mmap_base, io.mmap_size);
-        close(io.mmap_fd);
-        io.mmap_fd = -1;
-    }
-}
-#elif defined(__APPLE__)
-// NO IMPLEMENTATION YET
-#else
-static int PlatformMapReadOnly(IOFile& io, const wchar_t* path) {
-    io.file_handle = CreateFileW(path, GENERIC_READ, FILE_SHARE_READ, nullptr, OPEN_EXISTING, FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL | FILE_FLAG_SEQUENTIAL_SCAN, nullptr);
-    if (HANDLE(io.file_handle) != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
-        io.mapping_handle = CreateFileMappingW(HANDLE(io.file_handle), nullptr, PAGE_READONLY, 0, 0, nullptr);
-        if (io.mapping_handle) {
-            io.mmap_base = (u8*)MapViewOfFile(HANDLE(io.mapping_handle), FILE_MAP_READ, 0, 0, 0);
-            if (io.mmap_base) {
-                _LARGE_INTEGER pvalue;
-                GetFileSizeEx(io.file_handle, &pvalue);
-                io.mmap_size = uint32_t(pvalue.QuadPart);
-            } else {
-                CloseHandle(io.mapping_handle);
-                CloseHandle(io.file_handle);
-                return -1;
-            }
-        } else {
-            CloseHandle(io.file_handle);
-            return -1;
-        }
-    }
-    return 0;
-}
-static void PlatformUnmap(IOFile& io) {
-    if(io.mapping_handle) {
-        if(io.mmap_base)
-            UnmapViewOfFile(HANDLE(io.mmap_base));
-        CloseHandle(HANDLE(io.mapping_handle));
-    }
-    if(io.file_handle != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
-        CloseHandle(HANDLE(io.file_handle));
-}
-#endif
-
 void IOFile::Open(const fs::path& path, FileAccessMode mode, FileType type, FileShareFlag flag) {
    Close();
+
    file_path = path;
    file_access_mode = mode;
    file_type = type;
+
    errno = 0;
+
 #ifdef _WIN32
-    // TODO: this probably can use better logic but oh well I'm not a windowser
-    file_handle = nullptr;
-    if (type == FileType::BinaryFile && mode == FileAccessMode::Read) {
-        if (PlatformMapReadOnly(*this, path.c_str()) == -1) {
-            LOG_ERROR(Common_Filesystem, "Error mmap'ing file"); //: {}", path.c_str());
-        }
-    }
-    if (file_handle == nullptr) {
-        if (flag != FileShareFlag::ShareNone) {
-            file = _wfsopen(path.c_str(), AccessModeToWStr(mode, type), ToWindowsFileShareFlag(flag));
-        } else {
-            _wfopen_s(&file, path.c_str(), AccessModeToWStr(mode, type));
-        }
+    if (flag != FileShareFlag::ShareNone) {
+        file = _wfsopen(path.c_str(), AccessModeToWStr(mode, type), ToWindowsFileShareFlag(flag));
+    } else {
+        _wfopen_s(&file, path.c_str(), AccessModeToWStr(mode, type));
    }
 #elif __ANDROID__
    if (Android::IsContentUri(path)) {
        ASSERT_MSG(mode == FileAccessMode::Read, "Content URI file access is for read-only!");
-        if (PlatformMapReadOnly(*this, path.c_str()) == -1) {
-            LOG_ERROR(Common_Filesystem, "Error mmap'ing file: {}", path.c_str());
-            int const fd = Android::OpenContentUri(path, Android::OpenMode::Read);
-            if (fd != -1) {
-                file = fdopen(fd, "r");
-                if (errno != 0 && file == nullptr)
-                    LOG_ERROR(Common_Filesystem, "Error opening file: {}, error: {}", path.c_str(), strerror(errno));
-            } else {
-                LOG_ERROR(Common_Filesystem, "Error opening file: {}", path.c_str());
+        const auto fd = Android::OpenContentUri(path, Android::OpenMode::Read);
+        if (fd != -1) {
+            file = fdopen(fd, "r");
+            const auto error_num = errno;
+            if (error_num != 0 && file == nullptr) {
+                LOG_ERROR(Common_Filesystem, "Error opening file: {}, error: {}", path.c_str(),
+                          strerror(error_num));
            }
+        } else {
+            LOG_ERROR(Common_Filesystem, "Error opening file: {}", path.c_str());
        }
    } else {
        file = std::fopen(path.c_str(), AccessModeToStr(mode, type));
    }
-#elif defined(__HAIKU__) || defined(__managarm__) || defined(__OPENORBIS__) || defined(__APPLE__)
-    file = std::fopen(path.c_str(), AccessModeToStr(mode, type));
-#elif defined(__unix__)
-    if (type == FileType::BinaryFile && mode == FileAccessMode::Read) {
-        if (PlatformMapReadOnly(*this, path.c_str()) == -1) {
-            LOG_ERROR(Common_Filesystem, "Error mmap'ing file: {}", path.c_str());
-        }
-    }
-    if (mmap_fd == -1) {
-        file = std::fopen(path.c_str(), AccessModeToStr(mode, type)); // mmap(2) failed or simply we can't use it
-    }
 #else
-    // Some other fancy OS (ahem fucking Darwin/Mac OSX)
    file = std::fopen(path.c_str(), AccessModeToStr(mode, type));
 #endif
+
    if (!IsOpen()) {
        const auto ec = std::error_code{errno, std::generic_category()};
        LOG_ERROR(Common_Filesystem, "Failed to open the file at path={}, ec_message={}",
-            PathToUTF8String(file_path), ec.message());
+                  PathToUTF8String(file_path), ec.message());
    }
 }

 void IOFile::Close() {
-#if defined(__APPLE__)
-    // NO IMPLEMENTATION YET
-#else
-    PlatformUnmap(*this);
-#endif
-    if (file) {
-        errno = 0;
-        const auto close_result = std::fclose(file) == 0;
-        if (!close_result) {
-            const auto ec = std::error_code{errno, std::generic_category()};
-            LOG_ERROR(Common_Filesystem, "Failed to close the file at path={}, ec_message={}",
-                PathToUTF8String(file_path), ec.message());
-        }
-        file = nullptr;
+    if (!IsOpen()) {
+        return;
    }
+
+    errno = 0;
+
+    const auto close_result = std::fclose(file) == 0;
+
+    if (!close_result) {
+        const auto ec = std::error_code{errno, std::generic_category()};
+        LOG_ERROR(Common_Filesystem, "Failed to close the file at path={}, ec_message={}",
+                  PathToUTF8String(file_path), ec.message());
+    }
+
+    file = nullptr;
 }

 bool IOFile::IsOpen() const {
-    return file != nullptr || IsMappedFile();
+    return file != nullptr;
 }

 std::string IOFile::ReadString(size_t length) const {
@@ -450,132 +323,137 @@ size_t IOFile::WriteString(std::span<const char> string) const {
 }

 bool IOFile::Flush() const {
-    ASSERT(!IsMappedFile());
-    if (file) {
-        errno = 0;
-        auto const flush_result = std::fflush(file) == 0;
-        if (!flush_result) {
-            const auto ec = std::error_code{errno, std::generic_category()};
-            LOG_ERROR(Common_Filesystem, "Failed to flush the file at path={}, ec_message={}",
-                PathToUTF8String(file_path), ec.message());
-        }
-        return flush_result;
+    if (!IsOpen()) {
+        return false;
    }
-    return false;
+
+    errno = 0;
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+    const auto flush_result = std::fflush(file) == 0;
+#else
+    const auto flush_result = std::fflush(file) == 0;
+#endif
+
+    if (!flush_result) {
+        const auto ec = std::error_code{errno, std::generic_category()};
+        LOG_ERROR(Common_Filesystem, "Failed to flush the file at path={}, ec_message={}",
+                  PathToUTF8String(file_path), ec.message());
+    }
+
+    return flush_result;
 }

 bool IOFile::Commit() const {
-    ASSERT(!IsMappedFile());
-    if (file) {
-        errno = 0;
-#ifdef _WIN32
-        const auto commit_result = std::fflush(file) == 0 && _commit(fileno(file)) == 0;
-#else
-        const auto commit_result = std::fflush(file) == 0 && fsync(fileno(file)) == 0;
-#endif
-        if (!commit_result) {
-            const auto ec = std::error_code{errno, std::generic_category()};
-            LOG_ERROR(Common_Filesystem, "Failed to commit the file at path={}, ec_message={}",
-                PathToUTF8String(file_path), ec.message());
-        }
-        return commit_result;
+    if (!IsOpen()) {
+        return false;
    }
-    return false;
+
+    errno = 0;
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+    const auto commit_result = std::fflush(file) == 0 && _commit(fileno(file)) == 0;
+#else
+    const auto commit_result = std::fflush(file) == 0 && fsync(fileno(file)) == 0;
+#endif
+
+    if (!commit_result) {
+        const auto ec = std::error_code{errno, std::generic_category()};
+        LOG_ERROR(Common_Filesystem, "Failed to commit the file at path={}, ec_message={}",
+                  PathToUTF8String(file_path), ec.message());
+    }
+
+    return commit_result;
 }

 bool IOFile::SetSize(u64 size) const {
-    ASSERT(!IsMappedFile());
-    if (file) {
-        errno = 0;
-#ifdef _WIN32
-        const auto set_size_result = _chsize_s(fileno(file), s64(size)) == 0;
-#else
-        const auto set_size_result = ftruncate(fileno(file), s64(size)) == 0;
-#endif
-        if (!set_size_result) {
-            const auto ec = std::error_code{errno, std::generic_category()};
-            LOG_ERROR(Common_Filesystem, "Failed to resize the file at path={}, size={}, ec_message={}",
-                PathToUTF8String(file_path), size, ec.message());
-        }
-        return set_size_result;
+    if (!IsOpen()) {
+        return false;
    }
-    return false;
+
+    errno = 0;
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+    const auto set_size_result = _chsize_s(fileno(file), static_cast<s64>(size)) == 0;
+#else
+    const auto set_size_result = ftruncate(fileno(file), static_cast<s64>(size)) == 0;
+#endif
+
+    if (!set_size_result) {
+        const auto ec = std::error_code{errno, std::generic_category()};
+        LOG_ERROR(Common_Filesystem, "Failed to resize the file at path={}, size={}, ec_message={}",
+                  PathToUTF8String(file_path), size, ec.message());
+    }
+
+    return set_size_result;
 }

 u64 IOFile::GetSize() const {
-    if (IsMappedFile())
-        return mmap_size;
-    if (file) {
-        // Flush any unwritten buffered data into the file prior to retrieving the file mmap_size.
-        std::fflush(file);
-#if __ANDROID__
-        u64 file_size = 0;
-        if (Android::IsContentUri(file_path)) {
-            file_size = Android::GetSize(file_path);
-        } else {
-            std::error_code ec;
+    if (!IsOpen()) {
+        return 0;
+    }

-            file_size = fs::file_size(file_path, ec);
+    // Flush any unwritten buffered data into the file prior to retrieving the file size.
+    std::fflush(file);

-            if (ec) {
-                LOG_ERROR(Common_Filesystem, "Failed to retrieve the file mmap_size of path={}, ec_message={}",
-                    PathToUTF8String(file_path), ec.message());
-                return 0;
-            }
-        }
-#else
+#ifdef __ANDROID__
+    u64 file_size = 0;
+    if (Android::IsContentUri(file_path)) {
+        file_size = Android::GetSize(file_path);
+    } else {
        std::error_code ec;
-        auto const file_size = fs::file_size(file_path, ec);
+
+        file_size = fs::file_size(file_path, ec);
+
        if (ec) {
-            LOG_ERROR(Common_Filesystem, "Failed to retrieve the file mmap_size of path={}, ec_message={}",
-                PathToUTF8String(file_path), ec.message());
+            LOG_ERROR(Common_Filesystem,
+                      "Failed to retrieve the file size of path={}, ec_message={}",
+                      PathToUTF8String(file_path), ec.message());
            return 0;
        }
-#endif
-        return file_size;
    }
-    return 0;
+#else
+    std::error_code ec;
+
+    const auto file_size = fs::file_size(file_path, ec);
+
+    if (ec) {
+        LOG_ERROR(Common_Filesystem, "Failed to retrieve the file size of path={}, ec_message={}",
+                  PathToUTF8String(file_path), ec.message());
+        return 0;
+    }
+#endif
+
+    return file_size;
 }

 bool IOFile::Seek(s64 offset, SeekOrigin origin) const {
-    if (IsMappedFile()) {
-        // fuck you to whoever made this method const
-        switch (origin) {
-        case SeekOrigin::SetOrigin:
-            mmap_offset = s64(offset);
-            break;
-        case SeekOrigin::CurrentPosition:
-            mmap_offset += s64(offset);
-            break;
-        case SeekOrigin::End:
-            mmap_offset = s64(mmap_size) + s64(offset);
-            break;
-        }
-        return true;
+    if (!IsOpen()) {
+        return false;
    }
-    if (file) {
-        errno = 0;
-        const auto seek_result = fseeko(file, offset, ToSeekOrigin(origin)) == 0;
-        if (!seek_result) {
-            const auto ec = std::error_code{errno, std::generic_category()};
-            LOG_ERROR(Common_Filesystem, "Failed to seek the file at path={}, offset={}, origin={}, ec_message={}",
-                PathToUTF8String(file_path), offset, origin, ec.message());
-        }
-        return seek_result;
+
+    errno = 0;
+
+    const auto seek_result = fseeko(file, offset, ToSeekOrigin(origin)) == 0;
+
+    if (!seek_result) {
+        const auto ec = std::error_code{errno, std::generic_category()};
+        LOG_ERROR(Common_Filesystem,
+                  "Failed to seek the file at path={}, offset={}, origin={}, ec_message={}",
+                  PathToUTF8String(file_path), offset, origin, ec.message());
    }
-    return false;
+
+    return seek_result;
 }

 s64 IOFile::Tell() const {
-    if (IsMappedFile()) {
-        errno = 0;
-        return s64(mmap_offset);
+    if (!IsOpen()) {
+        return 0;
    }
-    if (file) {
-        errno = 0;
-        return ftello(file);
-    }
-    return 0;
+
+    errno = 0;
+
+    return ftello(file);
 }

 } // namespace Common::FS
@@ -7,7 +7,6 @@
 #pragma once

 #include <cstdio>
-#include <cstring>
 #include <filesystem>
 #include <span>
 #include <type_traits>
@@ -25,12 +24,12 @@ enum class SeekOrigin {
 };

 /**
-* Opens a file stream at path with the specified open mode.
-*
-* @param file_stream Reference to file stream
-* @param path Filesystem path
-* @param open_mode File stream open mode
-*/
+ * Opens a file stream at path with the specified open mode.
+ *
+ * @param file_stream Reference to file stream
+ * @param path Filesystem path
+ * @param open_mode File stream open mode
+ */
 template <typename FileStream>
 void OpenFileStream(FileStream& file_stream, const std::filesystem::path& path,
                    std::ios_base::openmode open_mode) {
@@ -49,14 +48,14 @@ void OpenFileStream(FileStream& file_stream, const Path& path, std::ios_base::op
 #endif

 /**
-* Reads an entire file at path and returns a string of the contents read from the file.
-* If the filesystem object at path is not a regular file, this function returns an empty string.
-*
-* @param path Filesystem path
-* @param type File type
-*
-* @returns A string of the contents read from the file.
-*/
+ * Reads an entire file at path and returns a string of the contents read from the file.
+ * If the filesystem object at path is not a regular file, this function returns an empty string.
+ *
+ * @param path Filesystem path
+ * @param type File type
+ *
+ * @returns A string of the contents read from the file.
+ */
 [[nodiscard]] std::string ReadStringFromFile(const std::filesystem::path& path, FileType type);

 #ifdef _WIN32
@@ -71,18 +70,18 @@ template <typename Path>
 #endif

 /**
-* Writes a string to a file at path and returns the number of characters successfully written.
-* If a file already exists at path, its contents will be erased.
-* If a file does not exist at path, it creates and opens a new empty file for writing.
-* If the filesystem object at path exists and is not a regular file, this function returns 0.
-*
-* @param path Filesystem path
-* @param type File type
-*
-* @returns Number of characters successfully written.
-*/
+ * Writes a string to a file at path and returns the number of characters successfully written.
+ * If a file already exists at path, its contents will be erased.
+ * If a file does not exist at path, it creates and opens a new empty file for writing.
+ * If the filesystem object at path exists and is not a regular file, this function returns 0.
+ *
+ * @param path Filesystem path
+ * @param type File type
+ *
+ * @returns Number of characters successfully written.
+ */
 [[nodiscard]] size_t WriteStringToFile(const std::filesystem::path& path, FileType type,
-                                    std::string_view string);
+                                       std::string_view string);

 #ifdef _WIN32
 template <typename Path>
@@ -96,15 +95,15 @@ template <typename Path>
 #endif

 /**
-* Appends a string to a file at path and returns the number of characters successfully written.
-* If a file does not exist at path, it creates and opens a new empty file for appending.
-* If the filesystem object at path exists and is not a regular file, this function returns 0.
-*
-* @param path Filesystem path
-* @param type File type
-*
-* @returns Number of characters successfully written.
-*/
+ * Appends a string to a file at path and returns the number of characters successfully written.
+ * If a file does not exist at path, it creates and opens a new empty file for appending.
+ * If the filesystem object at path exists and is not a regular file, this function returns 0.
+ *
+ * @param path Filesystem path
+ * @param type File type
+ *
+ * @returns Number of characters successfully written.
+ */
 [[nodiscard]] size_t AppendStringToFile(const std::filesystem::path& path, FileType type,
                                        std::string_view string);

@@ -132,14 +131,14 @@ public:
                    FileShareFlag flag = FileShareFlag::ShareReadOnly);

    /**
-    * An IOFile is a lightweight wrapper on C Library file operations.
-    * Automatically closes an open file on the destruction of an IOFile object.
-    *
-    * @param path Filesystem path
-    * @param mode File access mode
-    * @param type File type, default is BinaryFile. Use TextFile to open the file as a text file
-    * @param flag (Windows only) File-share access flag, default is ShareReadOnly
-    */
+     * An IOFile is a lightweight wrapper on C Library file operations.
+     * Automatically closes an open file on the destruction of an IOFile object.
+     *
+     * @param path Filesystem path
+     * @param mode File access mode
+     * @param type File type, default is BinaryFile. Use TextFile to open the file as a text file
+     * @param flag (Windows only) File-share access flag, default is ShareReadOnly
+     */
    explicit IOFile(const std::filesystem::path& path, FileAccessMode mode,
                    FileType type = FileType::BinaryFile,
                    FileShareFlag flag = FileShareFlag::ShareReadOnly);
@@ -153,70 +152,84 @@ public:
    IOFile& operator=(IOFile&& other) noexcept;

    /**
-    * Gets the path of the file.
-    *
-    * @returns The path of the file.
-    */
+     * Gets the path of the file.
+     *
+     * @returns The path of the file.
+     */
    [[nodiscard]] std::filesystem::path GetPath() const;

    /**
-    * Gets the access mode of the file.
-    *
-    * @returns The access mode of the file.
-    */
+     * Gets the access mode of the file.
+     *
+     * @returns The access mode of the file.
+     */
    [[nodiscard]] FileAccessMode GetAccessMode() const;

    /**
-    * Gets the type of the file.
-    *
-    * @returns The type of the file.
-    */
+     * Gets the type of the file.
+     *
+     * @returns The type of the file.
+     */
    [[nodiscard]] FileType GetType() const;

    /**
-    * Opens a file at path with the specified file access mode.
-    * This function behaves differently depending on the FileAccessMode.
-    * These behaviors are documented in each enum value of FileAccessMode.
-    *
-    * @param path Filesystem path
-    * @param mode File access mode
-    * @param type File type, default is BinaryFile. Use TextFile to open the file as a text file
-    * @param flag (Windows only) File-share access flag, default is ShareReadOnly
-    */
+     * Opens a file at path with the specified file access mode.
+     * This function behaves differently depending on the FileAccessMode.
+     * These behaviors are documented in each enum value of FileAccessMode.
+     *
+     * @param path Filesystem path
+     * @param mode File access mode
+     * @param type File type, default is BinaryFile. Use TextFile to open the file as a text file
+     * @param flag (Windows only) File-share access flag, default is ShareReadOnly
+     */
    void Open(const std::filesystem::path& path, FileAccessMode mode,
-            FileType type = FileType::BinaryFile,
-            FileShareFlag flag = FileShareFlag::ShareReadOnly);
+              FileType type = FileType::BinaryFile,
+              FileShareFlag flag = FileShareFlag::ShareReadOnly);
+
+// #ifdef _WIN32
+//     template <typename Path>
+//     void Open(const Path& path, FileAccessMode mode, FileType type = FileType::BinaryFile,
+//               FileShareFlag flag = FileShareFlag::ShareReadOnly) {
+//         using ValueType = typename Path::value_type;
+//         if constexpr (IsChar<ValueType>) {
+//             Open(ToU8String(path), mode, type, flag);
+//         } else {
+//             Open(std::filesystem::path{path}, mode, type, flag);
+//         }
+//     }
+// #endif

    /// Closes the file if it is opened.
    void Close();

    /**
-    * Checks whether the file is open.
-    * Use this to check whether the calls to Open() or Close() succeeded.
-    *
-    * @returns True if the file is open, false otherwise.
-    */
+     * Checks whether the file is open.
+     * Use this to check whether the calls to Open() or Close() succeeded.
+     *
+     * @returns True if the file is open, false otherwise.
+     */
    [[nodiscard]] bool IsOpen() const;

    /**
-    * Helper function which deduces the value type of a contiguous STL container used in ReadSpan.
-    * If T is not a contiguous container as defined by the concept IsContiguousContainer, this
-    * calls ReadObject and T must be a trivially copyable object.
-    *
-    * See ReadSpan for more details if T is a contiguous container.
-    * See ReadObject for more details if T is a trivially copyable object.
-    *
-    * @tparam T Contiguous container or trivially copyable object
-    *
-    * @param data Container of T::value_type data or reference to object
-    *
-    * @returns Count of T::value_type data or objects successfully read.
-    */
+     * Helper function which deduces the value type of a contiguous STL container used in ReadSpan.
+     * If T is not a contiguous container as defined by the concept IsContiguousContainer, this
+     * calls ReadObject and T must be a trivially copyable object.
+     *
+     * See ReadSpan for more details if T is a contiguous container.
+     * See ReadObject for more details if T is a trivially copyable object.
+     *
+     * @tparam T Contiguous container or trivially copyable object
+     *
+     * @param data Container of T::value_type data or reference to object
+     *
+     * @returns Count of T::value_type data or objects successfully read.
+     */
    template <typename T>
    [[nodiscard]] size_t Read(T& data) const {
        if constexpr (IsContiguousContainer<T>) {
            using ContiguousType = typename T::value_type;
-            static_assert(std::is_trivially_copyable_v<ContiguousType>, "Data type must be trivially copyable.");
+            static_assert(std::is_trivially_copyable_v<ContiguousType>,
+                          "Data type must be trivially copyable.");
            return ReadSpan<ContiguousType>(data);
        } else {
            return ReadObject(data) ? 1 : 0;
@@ -224,24 +237,25 @@ public:
    }

    /**
-    * Helper function which deduces the value type of a contiguous STL container used in WriteSpan.
-    * If T is not a contiguous STL container as defined by the concept IsContiguousContainer, this
-    * calls WriteObject and T must be a trivially copyable object.
-    *
-    * See WriteSpan for more details if T is a contiguous container.
-    * See WriteObject for more details if T is a trivially copyable object.
-    *
-    * @tparam T Contiguous container or trivially copyable object
-    *
-    * @param data Container of T::value_type data or const reference to object
-    *
-    * @returns Count of T::value_type data or objects successfully written.
-    */
+     * Helper function which deduces the value type of a contiguous STL container used in WriteSpan.
+     * If T is not a contiguous STL container as defined by the concept IsContiguousContainer, this
+     * calls WriteObject and T must be a trivially copyable object.
+     *
+     * See WriteSpan for more details if T is a contiguous container.
+     * See WriteObject for more details if T is a trivially copyable object.
+     *
+     * @tparam T Contiguous container or trivially copyable object
+     *
+     * @param data Container of T::value_type data or const reference to object
+     *
+     * @returns Count of T::value_type data or objects successfully written.
+     */
    template <typename T>
    [[nodiscard]] size_t Write(const T& data) const {
        if constexpr (IsContiguousContainer<T>) {
            using ContiguousType = typename T::value_type;
-            static_assert(std::is_trivially_copyable_v<ContiguousType>, "Data type must be trivially copyable.");
+            static_assert(std::is_trivially_copyable_v<ContiguousType>,
+                          "Data type must be trivially copyable.");
            return WriteSpan<ContiguousType>(data);
        } else {
            static_assert(std::is_trivially_copyable_v<T>, "Data type must be trivially copyable.");
@@ -250,219 +264,197 @@ public:
    }

    /**
-    * Reads a span of T data from a file sequentially.
-    * This function reads from the current position of the file pointer and
-    * advances it by the (count of T * sizeof(T)) bytes successfully read.
-    *
-    * Failures occur when:
-    * - The file is not open
-    * - The opened file lacks read permissions
-    * - Attempting to read beyond the end-of-file
-    *
-    * @tparam T Data type
-    *
-    * @param data Span of T data
-    *
-    * @returns Count of T data successfully read.
-    */
+     * Reads a span of T data from a file sequentially.
+     * This function reads from the current position of the file pointer and
+     * advances it by the (count of T * sizeof(T)) bytes successfully read.
+     *
+     * Failures occur when:
+     * - The file is not open
+     * - The opened file lacks read permissions
+     * - Attempting to read beyond the end-of-file
+     *
+     * @tparam T Data type
+     *
+     * @param data Span of T data
+     *
+     * @returns Count of T data successfully read.
+     */
    template <typename T>
        requires std::is_trivially_copyable_v<T>
    [[nodiscard]] size_t ReadSpan(std::span<T> data) const {
-        if (IsMappedFile()) {
-            std::memcpy(data.data(), mmap_base + mmap_offset, sizeof(T) * data.size());
-            return data.size();
+        if (!IsOpen()) {
+            return 0;
        }
-        return IsOpen() ? std::fread(data.data(), sizeof(T), data.size(), file) : 0;
+        return std::fread(data.data(), sizeof(T), data.size(), file);
    }

    /**
-    * Writes a span of T data to a file sequentially.
-    * This function writes from the current position of the file pointer and
-    * advances it by the (count of T * sizeof(T)) bytes successfully written.
-    *
-    * Failures occur when:
-    * - The file is not open
-    * - The opened file lacks write permissions
-    *
-    * @tparam T Data type
-    *
-    * @param data Span of T data
-    *
-    * @returns Count of T data successfully written.
-    */
+     * Writes a span of T data to a file sequentially.
+     * This function writes from the current position of the file pointer and
+     * advances it by the (count of T * sizeof(T)) bytes successfully written.
+     *
+     * Failures occur when:
+     * - The file is not open
+     * - The opened file lacks write permissions
+     *
+     * @tparam T Data type
+     *
+     * @param data Span of T data
+     *
+     * @returns Count of T data successfully written.
+     */
    template <typename T>
    [[nodiscard]] size_t WriteSpan(std::span<const T> data) const {
        static_assert(std::is_trivially_copyable_v<T>, "Data type must be trivially copyable.");
-        if (IsMappedFile()) {
-            std::memcpy(mmap_base + mmap_offset, data.data(), sizeof(T) * data.size());
-            return data.size();
+
+        if (!IsOpen()) {
+            return 0;
        }
-        return IsOpen() ? std::fwrite(data.data(), sizeof(T), data.size(), file) : 0;
+
+        return std::fwrite(data.data(), sizeof(T), data.size(), file);
    }

    /**
-    * Reads a T object from a file sequentially.
-    * This function reads from the current position of the file pointer and
-    * advances it by the sizeof(T) bytes successfully read.
-    *
-    * Failures occur when:
-    * - The file is not open
-    * - The opened file lacks read permissions
-    * - Attempting to read beyond the end-of-file
-    *
-    * @tparam T Data type
-    *
-    * @param object Reference to object
-    *
-    * @returns True if the object is successfully read from the file, false otherwise.
-    */
+     * Reads a T object from a file sequentially.
+     * This function reads from the current position of the file pointer and
+     * advances it by the sizeof(T) bytes successfully read.
+     *
+     * Failures occur when:
+     * - The file is not open
+     * - The opened file lacks read permissions
+     * - Attempting to read beyond the end-of-file
+     *
+     * @tparam T Data type
+     *
+     * @param object Reference to object
+     *
+     * @returns True if the object is successfully read from the file, false otherwise.
+     */
    template <typename T>
    [[nodiscard]] bool ReadObject(T& object) const {
        static_assert(std::is_trivially_copyable_v<T>, "Data type must be trivially copyable.");
        static_assert(!std::is_pointer_v<T>, "T must not be a pointer to an object.");
-        if (IsMappedFile()) {
-            std::memcpy(&object, mmap_base + mmap_offset, sizeof(T));
-#ifdef _WIN32
-            return bool(sizeof(T));
-#else
-            return sizeof(T);
-#endif
+
+        if (!IsOpen()) {
+            return false;
        }
-        return IsOpen() ? std::fread(&object, sizeof(T), 1, file) == 1 : false;
+
+        return std::fread(&object, sizeof(T), 1, file) == 1;
    }

    /**
-    * Writes a T object to a file sequentially.
-    * This function writes from the current position of the file pointer and
-    * advances it by the sizeof(T) bytes successfully written.
-    *
-    * Failures occur when:
-    * - The file is not open
-    * - The opened file lacks write permissions
-    *
-    * @tparam T Data type
-    *
-    * @param object Const reference to object
-    *
-    * @returns True if the object is successfully written to the file, false otherwise.
-    */
+     * Writes a T object to a file sequentially.
+     * This function writes from the current position of the file pointer and
+     * advances it by the sizeof(T) bytes successfully written.
+     *
+     * Failures occur when:
+     * - The file is not open
+     * - The opened file lacks write permissions
+     *
+     * @tparam T Data type
+     *
+     * @param object Const reference to object
+     *
+     * @returns True if the object is successfully written to the file, false otherwise.
+     */
    template <typename T>
    [[nodiscard]] bool WriteObject(const T& object) const {
        static_assert(std::is_trivially_copyable_v<T>, "Data type must be trivially copyable.");
        static_assert(!std::is_pointer_v<T>, "T must not be a pointer to an object.");
-        if (IsMappedFile()) {
-            std::memcpy(mmap_base + mmap_offset, &object, sizeof(T));
-#ifdef _WIN32
-            return sizeof(T) != 0;
-#else
-            return sizeof(T);
-#endif
+
+        if (!IsOpen()) {
+            return false;
        }
-        return IsOpen() ? std::fwrite(&object, sizeof(T), 1, file) == 1 : false;
+
+        return std::fwrite(&object, sizeof(T), 1, file) == 1;
    }

    /**
-    * Specialized function to read a string of a given length from a file sequentially.
-    * This function writes from the current position of the file pointer and
-    * advances it by the number of characters successfully read.
-    * The size of the returned string may not match length if not all bytes are successfully read.
-    *
-    * @param length Length of the string
-    *
-    * @returns A string read from the file.
-    */
+     * Specialized function to read a string of a given length from a file sequentially.
+     * This function writes from the current position of the file pointer and
+     * advances it by the number of characters successfully read.
+     * The size of the returned string may not match length if not all bytes are successfully read.
+     *
+     * @param length Length of the string
+     *
+     * @returns A string read from the file.
+     */
    [[nodiscard]] std::string ReadString(size_t length) const;

    /**
-    * Specialized function to write a string to a file sequentially.
-    * This function writes from the current position of the file pointer and
-    * advances it by the number of characters successfully written.
-    *
-    * @param string Span of const char backed std::string or std::string_view
-    *
-    * @returns Number of characters successfully written.
-    */
+     * Specialized function to write a string to a file sequentially.
+     * This function writes from the current position of the file pointer and
+     * advances it by the number of characters successfully written.
+     *
+     * @param string Span of const char backed std::string or std::string_view
+     *
+     * @returns Number of characters successfully written.
+     */
    [[nodiscard]] size_t WriteString(std::span<const char> string) const;

    /**
-    * Attempts to flush any unwritten buffered data into the file.
-    *
-    * @returns True if the flush was successful, false otherwise.
-    */
+     * Attempts to flush any unwritten buffered data into the file.
+     *
+     * @returns True if the flush was successful, false otherwise.
+     */
    bool Flush() const;

    /**
-    * Attempts to commit the file into the disk.
-    * Note that this is an expensive operation as this forces the operating system to write
-    * the contents of the file associated with the file descriptor into the disk.
-    *
-    * @returns True if the commit was successful, false otherwise.
-    */
+     * Attempts to commit the file into the disk.
+     * Note that this is an expensive operation as this forces the operating system to write
+     * the contents of the file associated with the file descriptor into the disk.
+     *
+     * @returns True if the commit was successful, false otherwise.
+     */
    bool Commit() const;

    /**
-    * Resizes the file to a given size.
-    * If the file is resized to a smaller size, the remainder of the file is discarded.
-    * If the file is resized to a larger size, the new area appears as if zero-filled.
-    *
-    * Failures occur when:
-    * - The file is not open
-    *
-    * @param size File size in bytes
-    *
-    * @returns True if the file resize succeeded, false otherwise.
-    */
+     * Resizes the file to a given size.
+     * If the file is resized to a smaller size, the remainder of the file is discarded.
+     * If the file is resized to a larger size, the new area appears as if zero-filled.
+     *
+     * Failures occur when:
+     * - The file is not open
+     *
+     * @param size File size in bytes
+     *
+     * @returns True if the file resize succeeded, false otherwise.
+     */
    [[nodiscard]] bool SetSize(u64 size) const;

    /**
-    * Gets the size of the file.
-    *
-    * Failures occur when:
-    * - The file is not open
-    *
-    * @returns The file size in bytes of the file. Returns 0 on failure.
-    */
+     * Gets the size of the file.
+     *
+     * Failures occur when:
+     * - The file is not open
+     *
+     * @returns The file size in bytes of the file. Returns 0 on failure.
+     */
    [[nodiscard]] u64 GetSize() const;

    /**
-    * Moves the current position of the file pointer with the specified offset and seek origin.
-    *
-    * @param offset Offset from seek origin
-    * @param origin Seek origin
-    *
-    * @returns True if the file pointer has moved to the specified offset, false otherwise.
-    */
+     * Moves the current position of the file pointer with the specified offset and seek origin.
+     *
+     * @param offset Offset from seek origin
+     * @param origin Seek origin
+     *
+     * @returns True if the file pointer has moved to the specified offset, false otherwise.
+     */
    [[nodiscard]] bool Seek(s64 offset, SeekOrigin origin = SeekOrigin::SetOrigin) const;

    /**
-    * Gets the current position of the file pointer.
-    *
-    * @returns The current position of the file pointer.
-    */
+     * Gets the current position of the file pointer.
+     *
+     * @returns The current position of the file pointer.
+     */
    [[nodiscard]] s64 Tell() const;

-#ifdef _WIN32
-    inline bool IsMappedFile() const noexcept { return mapping_handle != nullptr; }
-#else // POSIX
-    inline bool IsMappedFile() const noexcept { return mmap_fd != -1; }
-#endif
-
+private:
    std::filesystem::path file_path;
    FileAccessMode file_access_mode{};
    FileType file_type{};
+
    std::FILE* file = nullptr;
-    // Any decent system should have mmap() for files
-    // Systems with artifical mmap() limitations should simply change the logic within file.cpp
-    // and reduce the threshold for which the mmap() is set to
-#ifdef _WIN32
-    void *mapping_handle = nullptr;
-    void *file_handle = nullptr;
-#else // POSIX
-    int mmap_fd = -1;
-#endif
-    u8* mmap_base = nullptr;
-    size_t mmap_size = 0;
-    mutable s64 mmap_offset = 0; // fuck you
 };

 } // namespace Common::FS
@@ -1,9 +1,13 @@
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2026 Eden Emulator Project
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later
+
 // SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2022 yuzu Emulator Project
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later

 #pragma once

 #include <iterator>
+#include <cstring>

 #include "common/make_unique_for_overwrite.h"

@@ -61,7 +65,7 @@ public:
    void resize(size_type size) {
        if (size > buffer_capacity) {
            auto new_buffer = Common::make_unique_for_overwrite<T[]>(size);
-            std::move(buffer.get(), buffer.get() + buffer_capacity, new_buffer.get());
+            std::memcpy(new_buffer.get(), buffer.get(), buffer_capacity * sizeof(T));
            buffer = std::move(new_buffer);
            buffer_capacity = size;
        }
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
 #include <functional>
 #include <span>
 #include <string>
+#include <type_traits>

 #include "common/common_types.h"

@@ -6,13 +6,13 @@

 #include <mutex>
 #include <utility>
+#include <type_traits>
+
 #include <boost/asio.hpp>
 #include <boost/version.hpp>
-
 #if BOOST_VERSION > 108400 && (!defined(_WINDOWS) && !defined(__ANDROID__)) || defined(YUZU_BOOST_v1)
 #define USE_BOOST_v1
 #endif
-
 #ifdef USE_BOOST_v1
 #include <boost/process/v1/async_pipe.hpp>
 #else
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2025 Eden Emulator Project
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2026 Eden Emulator Project
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later

 // SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2023 yuzu Emulator Project
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@

 #pragma once

+#include <type_traits>
 #include "common/common_funcs.h"

 namespace FileSys {
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 #pragma once

 #include <optional>
+#include <type_traits>

 #include "common/literals.h"
 #include "core/file_sys/fssystem/fs_i_storage.h"
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 // SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2023 yuzu Emulator Project
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later

+#include <type_traits>
 #include "core/file_sys/errors.h"
 #include "core/file_sys/fssystem/fssystem_bucket_tree.h"
 #include "core/file_sys/fssystem/fssystem_bucket_tree_utils.h"
@@ -1,9 +1,13 @@
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2026 Eden Emulator Project
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later
+
 // SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2023 yuzu Emulator Project
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later

 #pragma once

 #include <mutex>
+#include <type_traits>

 #include "common/alignment.h"
 #include "common/common_funcs.h"
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2025 Eden Emulator Project
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2026 Eden Emulator Project
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later

 // SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2023 yuzu Emulator Project
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@

 #pragma once

+#include <type_traits>
 #include "core/file_sys/errors.h"
 #include "core/file_sys/fssystem/fssystem_bucket_tree.h"
 #include "core/file_sys/fssystem/fssystem_bucket_tree_utils.h"
@@ -6,6 +6,8 @@

 #pragma once

+#include <type_traits>
+#include <cstddef>
 #include "common/literals.h"

 #include "core/file_sys/errors.h"
@@ -1,8 +1,12 @@
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2026 Eden Emulator Project
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later
+
 // SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2023 yuzu Emulator Project
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later

 #pragma once

+#include <type_traits>
 #include "common/alignment.h"
 #include "core/file_sys/fssystem/fs_i_storage.h"
 #include "core/file_sys/fssystem/fs_types.h"
@@ -6,6 +6,9 @@

 #pragma once

+#include <type_traits>
+#include <array>
+#include <cstddef>
 #include "core/file_sys/errors.h"
 #include "core/file_sys/fssystem/fs_i_storage.h"
 #include "core/file_sys/fssystem/fssystem_bucket_tree.h"
@@ -1,9 +1,15 @@
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2026 Eden Emulator Project
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later
+
 // SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2023 yuzu Emulator Project
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later

 #pragma once

 #include <optional>
+#include <array>
+#include <cstddef>
+#include <type_traits>

 #include "core/file_sys/fssystem/fs_i_storage.h"
 #include "core/file_sys/fssystem/fs_types.h"
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2025 Eden Emulator Project
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2026 Eden Emulator Project
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later

 // SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2023 yuzu Emulator Project
@@ -6,6 +6,8 @@

 #pragma once

+#include <type_traits>
+#include <cstddef>
 #include "core/file_sys/fssystem/fssystem_compression_common.h"
 #include "core/file_sys/fssystem/fssystem_nca_header.h"
 #include "core/file_sys/vfs/vfs.h"
@@ -1,8 +1,14 @@
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2026 Eden Emulator Project
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later
+
 // SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2023 yuzu Emulator Project
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later

 #pragma once

+#include <type_traits>
+#include <array>
+#include <cstddef>
 #include "common/common_funcs.h"
 #include "common/common_types.h"
 #include "common/literals.h"
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 #pragma once

 #include <memory>
+#include <type_traits>

 #include "common/common_funcs.h"
 #include "common/page_table.h"
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@

 #pragma once

+#include <type_traits>
 #include "common/assert.h"
 #include "common/bit_field.h"
 #include "common/common_funcs.h"
@@ -1,9 +1,13 @@
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2026 Eden Emulator Project
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later
+
 // SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2024 yuzu Emulator Project
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later

 #pragma once

 #include <array>
+#include <type_traits>
 #include <functional>

 #include "common/common_funcs.h"
@@ -175,19 +175,10 @@ Result AlbumManager::LoadAlbumScreenShotImage(LoadAlbumScreenShotImageOutput& ou
        return ResultIsNotMounted;
    }

-    out_image_output = {
-        .width = 1280,
-        .height = 720,
-        .attribute =
-            {
-                .unknown_0{},
-                .orientation = AlbumImageOrientation::None,
-                .unknown_1{},
-                .unknown_2{},
-                .pad163{},
-            },
-        .pad179{},
-    };
+    out_image_output = {};
+    out_image_output.width = 1280;
+    out_image_output.height = 720;
+    out_image_output.attribute.orientation = AlbumImageOrientation::None;

    std::filesystem::path path;
    const auto result = GetFile(path, file_id);
@@ -211,19 +202,10 @@ Result AlbumManager::LoadAlbumScreenShotThumbnail(
        return ResultIsNotMounted;
    }

-    out_image_output = {
-        .width = 320,
-        .height = 180,
-        .attribute =
-            {
-                .unknown_0{},
-                .orientation = AlbumImageOrientation::None,
-                .unknown_1{},
-                .unknown_2{},
-                .pad163{},
-            },
-        .pad179{},
-    };
+    out_image_output = {};
+    out_image_output.width = 320;
+    out_image_output.height = 180;
+    out_image_output.attribute.orientation = AlbumImageOrientation::None;

    std::filesystem::path path;
    const auto result = GetFile(path, file_id);
@@ -73,13 +73,8 @@ void IScreenShotApplicationService::CaptureAndSaveScreenshot(AlbumReportOption r
    Layout::FramebufferLayout layout =
        Layout::DefaultFrameLayout(screenshot_width, screenshot_height);

-    const Capture::ScreenShotAttribute attribute{
-        .unknown_0{},
-        .orientation = Capture::AlbumImageOrientation::None,
-        .unknown_1{},
-        .unknown_2{},
-        .pad163{},
-    };
+    Capture::ScreenShotAttribute attribute{};
+    attribute.orientation = Capture::AlbumImageOrientation::None;

    renderer.RequestScreenshot(
        image_data.data(),
@@ -1,8 +1,12 @@
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2026 Eden Emulator Project
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later
+
 // SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2018 yuzu Emulator Project
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later

 #pragma once

+#include <type_traits>
 #include "common/common_funcs.h"
 #include "common/common_types.h"

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2025 Eden Emulator Project
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2026 Eden Emulator Project
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later

 // SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2022 yuzu Emulator Project
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@

 #pragma once

+#include <type_traits>
 #include <fmt/ranges.h>

 #include "common/common_funcs.h"
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@

 #include <array>
 #include <chrono>
+#include <type_traits>
 #include <fmt/ranges.h>

 #include "common/common_types.h"
@@ -1,10 +1,13 @@
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2026 Eden Emulator Project
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later
+
 // SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2023 yuzu Emulator Project
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later

 #pragma once

 #include <array>
-
+#include <type_traits>
 #include "common/common_types.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/psc/time/common.h"

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 #pragma once

 #include <array>
+#include <type_traits>

 #include "common/bit_field.h"
 #include "common/common_funcs.h"
@@ -1,8 +1,15 @@
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2026 Eden Emulator Project
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later
+
 // SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2021 yuzu Emulator Project
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later

 #pragma once

+#include <cstddef>
+#include <array>
+#include <type_traits>
+
 #include "common/bit_field.h"
 #include "common/common_funcs.h"
 #include "common/common_types.h"
@@ -6,55 +6,6 @@

 add_library(shader_recompiler STATIC
    backend/bindings.h
-    backend/glasm/emit_glasm.cpp
-    backend/glasm/emit_glasm.h
-    backend/glasm/emit_glasm_barriers.cpp
-    backend/glasm/emit_glasm_bitwise_conversion.cpp
-    backend/glasm/emit_glasm_composite.cpp
-    backend/glasm/emit_glasm_context_get_set.cpp
-    backend/glasm/emit_glasm_control_flow.cpp
-    backend/glasm/emit_glasm_convert.cpp
-    backend/glasm/emit_glasm_floating_point.cpp
-    backend/glasm/emit_glasm_image.cpp
-    backend/glasm/emit_glasm_instructions.h
-    backend/glasm/emit_glasm_integer.cpp
-    backend/glasm/emit_glasm_logical.cpp
-    backend/glasm/emit_glasm_memory.cpp
-    backend/glasm/emit_glasm_not_implemented.cpp
-    backend/glasm/emit_glasm_select.cpp
-    backend/glasm/emit_glasm_shared_memory.cpp
-    backend/glasm/emit_glasm_special.cpp
-    backend/glasm/emit_glasm_undefined.cpp
-    backend/glasm/emit_glasm_warp.cpp
-    backend/glasm/glasm_emit_context.cpp
-    backend/glasm/glasm_emit_context.h
-    backend/glasm/reg_alloc.cpp
-    backend/glasm/reg_alloc.h
-    backend/glsl/emit_glsl.cpp
-    backend/glsl/emit_glsl.h
-    backend/glsl/emit_glsl_atomic.cpp
-    backend/glsl/emit_glsl_barriers.cpp
-    backend/glsl/emit_glsl_bitwise_conversion.cpp
-    backend/glsl/emit_glsl_composite.cpp
-    backend/glsl/emit_glsl_context_get_set.cpp
-    backend/glsl/emit_glsl_control_flow.cpp
-    backend/glsl/emit_glsl_convert.cpp
-    backend/glsl/emit_glsl_floating_point.cpp
-    backend/glsl/emit_glsl_image.cpp
-    backend/glsl/emit_glsl_instructions.h
-    backend/glsl/emit_glsl_integer.cpp
-    backend/glsl/emit_glsl_logical.cpp
-    backend/glsl/emit_glsl_memory.cpp
-    backend/glsl/emit_glsl_not_implemented.cpp
-    backend/glsl/emit_glsl_select.cpp
-    backend/glsl/emit_glsl_shared_memory.cpp
-    backend/glsl/emit_glsl_special.cpp
-    backend/glsl/emit_glsl_undefined.cpp
-    backend/glsl/emit_glsl_warp.cpp
-    backend/glsl/glsl_emit_context.cpp
-    backend/glsl/glsl_emit_context.h
-    backend/glsl/var_alloc.cpp
-    backend/glsl/var_alloc.h
    backend/spirv/emit_spirv.cpp
    backend/spirv/emit_spirv.h
    backend/spirv/emit_spirv_atomic.cpp
@@ -239,9 +190,60 @@ add_library(shader_recompiler STATIC
    program_header.h
    runtime_info.h
    shader_info.h
-    varying_state.h
+    varying_state.h)

-)
+if (ENABLE_OPENGL)
+    target_sources(shader_recompiler PRIVATE
+        backend/glasm/emit_glasm.cpp
+        backend/glasm/emit_glasm.h
+        backend/glasm/emit_glasm_barriers.cpp
+        backend/glasm/emit_glasm_bitwise_conversion.cpp
+        backend/glasm/emit_glasm_composite.cpp
+        backend/glasm/emit_glasm_context_get_set.cpp
+        backend/glasm/emit_glasm_control_flow.cpp
+        backend/glasm/emit_glasm_convert.cpp
+        backend/glasm/emit_glasm_floating_point.cpp
+        backend/glasm/emit_glasm_image.cpp
+        backend/glasm/emit_glasm_instructions.h
+        backend/glasm/emit_glasm_integer.cpp
+        backend/glasm/emit_glasm_logical.cpp
+        backend/glasm/emit_glasm_memory.cpp
+        backend/glasm/emit_glasm_not_implemented.cpp
+        backend/glasm/emit_glasm_select.cpp
+        backend/glasm/emit_glasm_shared_memory.cpp
+        backend/glasm/emit_glasm_special.cpp
+        backend/glasm/emit_glasm_undefined.cpp
+        backend/glasm/emit_glasm_warp.cpp
+        backend/glasm/glasm_emit_context.cpp
+        backend/glasm/glasm_emit_context.h
+        backend/glasm/reg_alloc.cpp
+        backend/glasm/reg_alloc.h
+        backend/glsl/emit_glsl.cpp
+        backend/glsl/emit_glsl.h
+        backend/glsl/emit_glsl_atomic.cpp
+        backend/glsl/emit_glsl_barriers.cpp
+        backend/glsl/emit_glsl_bitwise_conversion.cpp
+        backend/glsl/emit_glsl_composite.cpp
+        backend/glsl/emit_glsl_context_get_set.cpp
+        backend/glsl/emit_glsl_control_flow.cpp
+        backend/glsl/emit_glsl_convert.cpp
+        backend/glsl/emit_glsl_floating_point.cpp
+        backend/glsl/emit_glsl_image.cpp
+        backend/glsl/emit_glsl_instructions.h
+        backend/glsl/emit_glsl_integer.cpp
+        backend/glsl/emit_glsl_logical.cpp
+        backend/glsl/emit_glsl_memory.cpp
+        backend/glsl/emit_glsl_not_implemented.cpp
+        backend/glsl/emit_glsl_select.cpp
+        backend/glsl/emit_glsl_shared_memory.cpp
+        backend/glsl/emit_glsl_special.cpp
+        backend/glsl/emit_glsl_undefined.cpp
+        backend/glsl/emit_glsl_warp.cpp
+        backend/glsl/glsl_emit_context.cpp
+        backend/glsl/glsl_emit_context.h
+        backend/glsl/var_alloc.cpp
+        backend/glsl/var_alloc.h)
+endif()

 target_link_libraries(shader_recompiler PUBLIC common fmt::fmt sirit::sirit)

@@ -553,17 +553,6 @@ void GlobalMemoryToStorageBufferPass(IR::Program& program, const HostTranslateIn
    }
 }

-template <typename Descriptors, typename Descriptor, typename Func>
-static u32 Add(Descriptors& descriptors, const Descriptor& desc, Func&& pred) {
-    // TODO: Handle arrays
-    const auto it{std::ranges::find_if(descriptors, pred)};
-    if (it != descriptors.end()) {
-        return static_cast<u32>(std::distance(descriptors.begin(), it));
-    }
-    descriptors.push_back(desc);
-    return static_cast<u32>(descriptors.size()) - 1;
-}
-
 void JoinStorageInfo(Info& base, Info& source) {
    auto& descriptors = base.storage_buffers_descriptors;
    for (auto& desc : source.storage_buffers_descriptors) {
@@ -312,10 +312,66 @@ static inline std::optional<ConstBufferAddr> TrackCached(const IR::Value& v, Env

 std::optional<ConstBufferAddr> TryGetConstBuffer(const IR::Inst* inst, Environment& env, const HostTranslateInfo& host_info);

+bool IsSameConstBufferAddr(const ConstBufferAddr& lhs, const ConstBufferAddr& rhs) {
+    return lhs.index == rhs.index && lhs.offset == rhs.offset &&
+           lhs.shift_left == rhs.shift_left && lhs.secondary_index == rhs.secondary_index &&
+           lhs.secondary_offset == rhs.secondary_offset &&
+           lhs.secondary_shift_left == rhs.secondary_shift_left && lhs.count == rhs.count &&
+           lhs.has_secondary == rhs.has_secondary && lhs.dynamic_offset == rhs.dynamic_offset;
+}
+
+std::optional<ConstBufferAddr> TrackPhi(const IR::Inst* phi, Environment& env,
+                                        const HostTranslateInfo& host_info, bool& ambiguous) {
+    std::optional<ConstBufferAddr> agreed;
+    const size_t num_args{phi->NumArgs()};
+    for (size_t index = 0; index < num_args; ++index) {
+        const IR::Value arg{phi->Arg(index).Resolve()};
+        if (arg.IsImmediate()) {
+            ambiguous = true;
+            return std::nullopt;
+        }
+        const IR::Inst* arg_inst{arg.InstRecursive()};
+        if (arg_inst == phi) {
+            continue;
+        }
+        if (arg_inst->GetOpcode() == IR::Opcode::Phi) {
+            ambiguous = true;
+            return std::nullopt;
+        }
+        const std::optional<ConstBufferAddr> operand{TrackCached(arg, env, host_info)};
+        if (!operand) {
+            ambiguous = true;
+            return std::nullopt;
+        }
+        if (!agreed) {
+            agreed = operand;
+            continue;
+        }
+        if (!IsSameConstBufferAddr(*agreed, *operand)) {
+            ambiguous = true;
+            return std::nullopt;
+        }
+    }
+    if (!agreed) {
+        ambiguous = true;
+    }
+    return agreed;
+}
+
 std::optional<ConstBufferAddr> Track(const IR::Value& value, Environment& env, const HostTranslateInfo& host_info) {
-    return IR::BreadthFirstSearch(value, [&env, &host_info](const IR::Inst* inst) {
-        return TryGetConstBuffer(inst, env, host_info);
-    });
+    bool ambiguous = false;
+    const std::optional<ConstBufferAddr> result{IR::BreadthFirstSearch(
+        value, [&env, &host_info, &ambiguous](const IR::Inst* inst)
+                   -> std::optional<ConstBufferAddr> {
+            if (inst->GetOpcode() == IR::Opcode::Phi) {
+                return TrackPhi(inst, env, host_info, ambiguous);
+            }
+            return TryGetConstBuffer(inst, env, host_info);
+        })};
+    if (ambiguous) {
+        return std::nullopt;
+    }
+    return result;
 }

 std::optional<u32> TryGetConstant(IR::Value& value, Environment& env) {
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ add_library(video_core STATIC
    buffer_cache/buffer_cache.h
    buffer_cache/memory_tracker_base.h
    buffer_cache/usage_tracker.h
+    buffer_cache/virtual_range_cache.h
    buffer_cache/word_manager.h
    cache_types.h
    capture.h
@@ -166,6 +167,8 @@ add_library(video_core STATIC
    renderer_vulkan/vk_fence_manager.h
    renderer_vulkan/vk_graphics_pipeline.cpp
    renderer_vulkan/vk_graphics_pipeline.h
+    renderer_vulkan/vk_multi_range_buffer.cpp
+    renderer_vulkan/vk_multi_range_buffer.h
    renderer_vulkan/vk_master_semaphore.cpp
    renderer_vulkan/vk_master_semaphore.h
    renderer_vulkan/vk_pipeline_cache.cpp
@@ -112,6 +112,11 @@ void BufferCache<P>::TickFrame() {
    async_buffers_death_ring.clear();
 }

+template <class P>
+void BufferCache<P>::UnmapGPUMemory(size_t as_id, GPUVAddr gpu_addr, size_t size) {
+    virtual_ranges.Unmap(as_id, gpu_addr, size);
+}
+
 template <class P>
 void BufferCache<P>::WriteMemory(DAddr device_addr, u64 size) {
    if (memory_tracker.IsRegionGpuModified(device_addr, size)) {
@@ -998,11 +1003,56 @@ void BufferCache<P>::BindHostGraphicsUniformBuffer(size_t stage, u32 index, u32
    channel_state->fast_bound_uniform_buffers[stage] &= ~(1u << binding_index);
 }

+template <class P>
+bool BufferCache<P>::BindMultiRangeStorage(const Binding& binding, bool is_written) {
+    if constexpr (requires { runtime.BindMultiRangeStorageBuffer(u64{}); }) {
+        if (binding.gpu_addr == 0 || binding.size == 0) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        if (is_written && !runtime.PrefersSparseSources()) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        const VirtualSegments* segments =
+            virtual_ranges.Query(*gpu_memory, binding.gpu_addr, binding.size);
+        if (!segments || segments->size() < 2) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        const u64 key = (static_cast<u64>(gpu_memory->GetID()) << 48) ^ binding.gpu_addr;
+        const bool prefer_sparse = runtime.PrefersSparseSources();
+        runtime.ResetMultiRange();
+        for (const VirtualSegment& segment : *segments) {
+            const BufferId buffer_id =
+                FindBuffer(segment.device_addr, segment.size, prefer_sparse);
+            if (!buffer_id) {
+                return false;
+            }
+            Buffer& buffer = slot_buffers[buffer_id];
+            TouchBuffer(buffer, buffer_id);
+            if (SynchronizeBuffer(buffer, segment.device_addr, segment.size)) {
+                runtime.InvalidateMultiRange(key);
+            }
+            const u32 offset = buffer.Offset(segment.device_addr);
+            buffer.MarkUsage(offset, segment.size);
+            if (is_written) {
+                MarkWrittenBuffer(buffer_id, segment.device_addr, segment.size);
+            }
+            runtime.PushMultiRangeSource(buffer, offset, segment.size);
+        }
+        return runtime.BindMultiRangeStorageBuffer(key);
+    } else {
+        return false;
+    }
+}
+
 template <class P>
 void BufferCache<P>::BindHostGraphicsStorageBuffers(size_t stage) {
    u32 binding_index = 0;
    ForEachEnabledBit(channel_state->enabled_storage_buffers[stage], [&](u32 index) {
        const Binding& binding = channel_state->storage_buffers[stage][index];
+        const bool is_written = ((channel_state->written_storage_buffers[stage] >> index) & 1) != 0;
+        if (BindMultiRangeStorage(binding, is_written)) {
+            return;
+        }
        Buffer& buffer = slot_buffers[binding.buffer_id];
        TouchBuffer(buffer, binding.buffer_id);
        const u32 size = binding.size;
@@ -1010,7 +1060,6 @@ void BufferCache<P>::BindHostGraphicsStorageBuffers(size_t stage) {

        const u32 offset = buffer.Offset(binding.device_addr);
        buffer.MarkUsage(offset, size);
-        const bool is_written = ((channel_state->written_storage_buffers[stage] >> index) & 1) != 0;

        if (is_written) {
            MarkWrittenBuffer(binding.buffer_id, binding.device_addr, size);
@@ -1139,6 +1188,11 @@ void BufferCache<P>::BindHostComputeStorageBuffers() {
    u32 binding_index = 0;
    ForEachEnabledBit(channel_state->enabled_compute_storage_buffers, [&](u32 index) {
        const Binding& binding = channel_state->compute_storage_buffers[index];
+        const bool is_written =
+            ((channel_state->written_compute_storage_buffers >> index) & 1) != 0;
+        if (BindMultiRangeStorage(binding, is_written)) {
+            return;
+        }
        Buffer& buffer = slot_buffers[binding.buffer_id];
        TouchBuffer(buffer, binding.buffer_id);
        const u32 size = binding.size;
@@ -1146,8 +1200,6 @@ void BufferCache<P>::BindHostComputeStorageBuffers() {

        const u32 offset = buffer.Offset(binding.device_addr);
        buffer.MarkUsage(offset, size);
-        const bool is_written =
-            ((channel_state->written_compute_storage_buffers >> index) & 1) != 0;

        if (is_written) {
            MarkWrittenBuffer(binding.buffer_id, binding.device_addr, size);
@@ -1440,7 +1492,7 @@ void BufferCache<P>::MarkWrittenBuffer(BufferId buffer_id, DAddr device_addr, u3
 }

 template <class P>
-BufferId BufferCache<P>::FindBuffer(DAddr device_addr, u32 size) {
+BufferId BufferCache<P>::FindBuffer(DAddr device_addr, u32 size, bool sparse_compatible) {
    if (device_addr == 0) {
        return NULL_BUFFER_ID;
    }
@@ -1450,10 +1502,18 @@ BufferId BufferCache<P>::FindBuffer(DAddr device_addr, u32 size) {
        Buffer& buffer = slot_buffers[buffer_id];
        WaitForGpuFenceIfNeeded(buffer);
        if (buffer.IsInBounds(device_addr, size)) {
-            return buffer_id;
+            bool usable = true;
+            if constexpr (requires { buffer.IsSparseCompatible(); }) {
+                if (sparse_compatible && !buffer.IsSparseCompatible()) {
+                    usable = false;
+                }
+            }
+            if (usable) {
+                return buffer_id;
+            }
        }
    }
-    return CreateBuffer(device_addr, size);
+    return CreateBuffer(device_addr, size, sparse_compatible);
 }

 template <class P>
@@ -1575,13 +1635,15 @@ void BufferCache<P>::JoinOverlap(BufferId new_buffer_id, BufferId overlap_id,
 }

 template <class P>
-BufferId BufferCache<P>::CreateBuffer(DAddr device_addr, u32 wanted_size) {
+BufferId BufferCache<P>::CreateBuffer(DAddr device_addr, u32 wanted_size,
+                                      bool sparse_compatible) {
    DAddr device_addr_end = Common::AlignUp(device_addr + wanted_size, CACHING_PAGESIZE);
    device_addr = Common::AlignDown(device_addr, CACHING_PAGESIZE);
    wanted_size = static_cast<u32>(device_addr_end - device_addr);
    const OverlapResult overlap = ResolveOverlaps(device_addr, wanted_size);
    const u32 size = static_cast<u32>(overlap.end - overlap.begin);
-    const BufferId new_buffer_id = slot_buffers.insert(runtime, overlap.begin, size);
+    const BufferId new_buffer_id =
+        slot_buffers.insert(runtime, overlap.begin, size, sparse_compatible);
    auto& new_buffer = slot_buffers[new_buffer_id];
    const size_t size_bytes = new_buffer.SizeBytes();
    runtime.ClearBuffer(new_buffer, 0, size_bytes, 0);
@@ -1934,10 +1996,15 @@ Binding BufferCache<P>::StorageBufferBinding(GPUVAddr ssbo_addr, u32 cbuf_index,
    // The end address used for size calculation does not need to be aligned
    const DAddr cpu_end = Common::AlignUp(*device_addr + size, Core::DEVICE_PAGESIZE);

+    u32 binding_size = static_cast<u32>(cpu_end - *aligned_device_addr);
+    if (is_written) {
+        binding_size = aligned_size;
+    }
    const Binding binding{
        .device_addr = *aligned_device_addr,
-        .size = is_written ? aligned_size : static_cast<u32>(cpu_end - *aligned_device_addr),
+        .size = binding_size,
        .buffer_id = BufferId{},
+        .gpu_addr = aligned_gpu_addr,
    };
    return binding;
 }
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@
 #include "common/settings.h"
 #include "common/slot_vector.h"
 #include "video_core/buffer_cache/buffer_base.h"
+#include "video_core/buffer_cache/virtual_range_cache.h"
 #include "video_core/control/channel_state_cache.h"
 #include "video_core/delayed_destruction_ring.h"
 #include "video_core/dirty_flags.h"
@@ -83,6 +84,7 @@ struct Binding {
    DAddr device_addr{};
    u32 size{};
    BufferId buffer_id;
+    GPUVAddr gpu_addr{};
 };

 struct TextureBufferBinding : Binding {
@@ -215,6 +217,10 @@ public:

    void TickFrame();

+    bool BindMultiRangeStorage(const Binding& binding, bool is_written);
+
+    void UnmapGPUMemory(size_t as_id, GPUVAddr gpu_addr, size_t size);
+
    void WriteMemory(DAddr device_addr, u64 size);

    void CachedWriteMemory(DAddr device_addr, u64 size);
@@ -414,7 +420,8 @@ private:

    void MarkWrittenBuffer(BufferId buffer_id, DAddr device_addr, u32 size);

-    [[nodiscard]] BufferId FindBuffer(DAddr device_addr, u32 size);
+    [[nodiscard]] BufferId FindBuffer(DAddr device_addr, u32 size,
+                                      bool sparse_compatible = false);

    void WaitForGpuFenceIfNeeded(Buffer& buffer);

@@ -422,7 +429,8 @@ private:

    void JoinOverlap(BufferId new_buffer_id, BufferId overlap_id, bool accumulate_stream_score);

-    [[nodiscard]] BufferId CreateBuffer(DAddr device_addr, u32 wanted_size);
+    [[nodiscard]] BufferId CreateBuffer(DAddr device_addr, u32 wanted_size,
+                                        bool sparse_compatible = false);

    void Register(BufferId buffer_id);

@@ -514,6 +522,7 @@ private:
    };
    Common::LeastRecentlyUsedCache<LRUItemParams> lru_cache;
    u64 frame_tick = 0;
+    VirtualRangeCache virtual_ranges;
    u64 total_used_memory = 0;
    u64 minimum_memory = 0;
    u64 critical_memory = 0;
@@ -0,0 +1,152 @@
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2026 Eden Emulator Project
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <atomic>
+#include <limits>
+#include <mutex>
+#include <optional>
+#include <unordered_map>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include <boost/container/small_vector.hpp>
+
+#include "common/common_types.h"
+#include "video_core/memory_manager.h"
+
+namespace VideoCommon {
+
+struct VirtualSegment {
+    GPUVAddr gpu_addr;
+    DAddr device_addr;
+    u32 size;
+};
+
+using VirtualSegments = boost::container::small_vector<VirtualSegment, 8>;
+
+class VirtualRangeCache {
+public:
+    const VirtualSegments* Query(Tegra::MemoryManager& memory, GPUVAddr gpu_addr, u32 size) {
+        if (has_deferred.load(std::memory_order_acquire)) {
+            ApplyDeferred();
+        }
+        const size_t as_id = memory.GetID();
+        const u64 key = MakeKey(as_id, gpu_addr);
+        const auto it = entries.find(key);
+        if (it != entries.end() && it->second.as_id == as_id &&
+            it->second.gpu_addr == gpu_addr && it->second.size == size) {
+            return &it->second.segments;
+        }
+        Entry entry;
+        entry.as_id = as_id;
+        entry.gpu_addr = gpu_addr;
+        entry.size = size;
+        const auto ranges = memory.GetSubmappedRange(gpu_addr, size);
+        for (const auto& [range_addr, range_size] : ranges) {
+            const std::optional<DAddr> device_addr = memory.GpuToCpuAddress(range_addr);
+            if (!device_addr) {
+                break;
+            }
+            u32 segment_size = (std::numeric_limits<u32>::max)();
+            if (range_size < static_cast<size_t>(segment_size)) {
+                segment_size = static_cast<u32>(range_size);
+            }
+            entry.segments.push_back(VirtualSegment{
+                .gpu_addr = range_addr,
+                .device_addr = *device_addr,
+                .size = segment_size,
+            });
+        }
+        const auto result = entries.insert_or_assign(key, std::move(entry));
+        return &result.first->second.segments;
+    }
+
+    void Unmap(size_t as_id, GPUVAddr gpu_addr, u64 size) {
+        if (size == 0) {
+            return;
+        }
+        {
+            std::scoped_lock lock{deferred_mutex};
+            if (!deferred.empty()) {
+                DeferredUnmap& last = deferred.back();
+                if (last.as_id == as_id && last.gpu_addr + last.size == gpu_addr) {
+                    last.size += size;
+                    has_deferred.store(true, std::memory_order_release);
+                    return;
+                }
+            }
+            deferred.push_back(DeferredUnmap{
+                .as_id = as_id,
+                .gpu_addr = gpu_addr,
+                .size = size,
+            });
+        }
+        has_deferred.store(true, std::memory_order_release);
+    }
+
+    void Clear() {
+        {
+            std::scoped_lock lock{deferred_mutex};
+            deferred.clear();
+        }
+        has_deferred.store(false, std::memory_order_release);
+        entries.clear();
+    }
+
+private:
+    struct Entry {
+        size_t as_id{};
+        GPUVAddr gpu_addr{};
+        u32 size{};
+        VirtualSegments segments;
+    };
+
+    struct DeferredUnmap {
+        size_t as_id;
+        GPUVAddr gpu_addr;
+        u64 size;
+    };
+
+    static u64 MakeKey(size_t as_id, GPUVAddr gpu_addr) {
+        return (static_cast<u64>(as_id) << 48) ^ gpu_addr;
+    }
+
+    void ApplyDeferred() {
+        std::vector<DeferredUnmap> pending;
+        {
+            std::scoped_lock lock{deferred_mutex};
+            has_deferred.store(false, std::memory_order_release);
+            pending.swap(deferred);
+        }
+        if (pending.empty() || entries.empty()) {
+            return;
+        }
+        for (auto it = entries.begin(); it != entries.end();) {
+            const Entry& entry = it->second;
+            const GPUVAddr entry_end = entry.gpu_addr + entry.size;
+            bool overlaps = false;
+            for (const DeferredUnmap& unmap : pending) {
+                if (unmap.as_id != entry.as_id) {
+                    continue;
+                }
+                if (entry.gpu_addr < unmap.gpu_addr + unmap.size && unmap.gpu_addr < entry_end) {
+                    overlaps = true;
+                    break;
+                }
+            }
+            if (overlaps) {
+                it = entries.erase(it);
+            } else {
+                ++it;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    std::unordered_map<u64, Entry> entries;
+    std::vector<DeferredUnmap> deferred;
+    std::mutex deferred_mutex;
+    std::atomic<bool> has_deferred{false};
+};
+
+} // namespace VideoCommon
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@

 #include <array>
 #include <vector>
+#include <type_traits>

 #include "common/bit_field.h"
 #include "common/common_funcs.h"
@@ -1,8 +1,15 @@
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2026 Eden Emulator Project
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later
+
 // SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2020 yuzu Emulator Project
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later

 #pragma once

+#include <array>
+#include <cstddef>
+#include <type_traits>
+
 #include "common/bit_field.h"
 #include "common/common_funcs.h"
 #include "common/common_types.h"
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 #pragma once

 #include <memory>
+#include <type_traits>

 #include "common/common_types.h"
 #include "common/scratch_buffer.h"
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ constexpr std::array PROGRAM_LUT{
 Buffer::Buffer(BufferCacheRuntime&, VideoCommon::NullBufferParams null_params)
    : VideoCommon::BufferBase(null_params) {}

-Buffer::Buffer(BufferCacheRuntime& runtime, DAddr cpu_addr_, u64 size_bytes_)
+Buffer::Buffer(BufferCacheRuntime& runtime, DAddr cpu_addr_, u64 size_bytes_, bool)
    : VideoCommon::BufferBase(cpu_addr_, size_bytes_) {
    buffer.Create();
    if (runtime.device.HasDebuggingToolAttached()) {
@@ -23,7 +23,8 @@ class BufferCacheRuntime;

 class Buffer : public VideoCommon::BufferBase {
 public:
-    explicit Buffer(BufferCacheRuntime&, DAddr cpu_addr, u64 size_bytes);
+    explicit Buffer(BufferCacheRuntime&, DAddr cpu_addr, u64 size_bytes,
+                    bool sparse_compatible = false);
    explicit Buffer(BufferCacheRuntime&, VideoCommon::NullBufferParams);

    void ImmediateUpload(size_t offset, std::span<const u8> data) noexcept;
@@ -56,7 +56,8 @@ size_t BytesPerIndex(VkIndexType index_type) {
    }
 }

-vk::Buffer CreateBuffer(const Device& device, const MemoryAllocator& memory_allocator, u64 size) {
+vk::Buffer CreateBuffer(const Device& device, const MemoryAllocator& memory_allocator, u64 size,
+                        VkDeviceSize sparse_alignment) {
    VkBufferUsageFlags flags =
        VK_BUFFER_USAGE_TRANSFER_SRC_BIT | VK_BUFFER_USAGE_TRANSFER_DST_BIT |
        VK_BUFFER_USAGE_UNIFORM_TEXEL_BUFFER_BIT | VK_BUFFER_USAGE_STORAGE_TEXEL_BUFFER_BIT |
@@ -82,6 +83,9 @@ vk::Buffer CreateBuffer(const Device& device, const MemoryAllocator& memory_allo
        .queueFamilyIndexCount = 0,
        .pQueueFamilyIndices = nullptr,
    };
+    if (sparse_alignment > 1) {
+        return memory_allocator.CreateBuffer(buffer_ci, MemoryUsage::DeviceLocal, sparse_alignment);
+    }
    return memory_allocator.CreateBuffer(buffer_ci, MemoryUsage::DeviceLocal);
 }
 } // Anonymous namespace
@@ -99,10 +103,14 @@ Buffer::Buffer(BufferCacheRuntime& runtime, VideoCommon::NullBufferParams null_p
    }
 }

-Buffer::Buffer(BufferCacheRuntime& runtime, DAddr cpu_addr_, u64 size_bytes_)
+Buffer::Buffer(BufferCacheRuntime& runtime, DAddr cpu_addr_, u64 size_bytes_,
+               bool sparse_compatible_)
    : VideoCommon::BufferBase(cpu_addr_, size_bytes_), device{&runtime.device},
      scheduler{&runtime.scheduler},
-      buffer{CreateBuffer(*device, runtime.memory_allocator, SizeBytes())}, tracker{SizeBytes()} {
+      buffer{CreateBuffer(*device, runtime.memory_allocator, SizeBytes(),
+                          runtime.SparseAlignmentFor(sparse_compatible_))},
+      tracker{SizeBytes()} {
+    sparse_compatible = sparse_compatible_;
    if (runtime.device.HasDebuggingToolAttached()) {
        buffer.SetObjectNameEXT(fmt::format("Buffer {:#x}", CpuAddr()).c_str());
    }
@@ -348,7 +356,8 @@ BufferCacheRuntime::BufferCacheRuntime(const Device& device_, MemoryAllocator& m
    : device{device_}, memory_allocator{memory_allocator_}, scheduler{scheduler_},
      staging_pool{staging_pool_}, guest_descriptor_queue{guest_descriptor_queue_},
      quad_index_pass(device, scheduler, descriptor_pool, staging_pool,
-                      compute_pass_descriptor_queue) {
+                      compute_pass_descriptor_queue),
+      multi_range_buffers(device_, memory_allocator_, scheduler_) {
    const VkDriverIdKHR driver_id = device.GetDriverID();
    limit_dynamic_storage_buffers = driver_id == VK_DRIVER_ID_QUALCOMM_PROPRIETARY ||
                                    driver_id == VK_DRIVER_ID_ARM_PROPRIETARY;
@@ -536,6 +545,33 @@ void BufferCacheRuntime::ClearBuffer(VkBuffer dest_buffer, u32 offset, size_t si
    });
 }

+bool BufferCacheRuntime::BindMultiRangeStorageBuffer(u64 key) {
+    if (multi_range_sources.empty() || multi_range_total == 0) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    const MultiRangeRef ref = multi_range_buffers.Get(key, multi_range_sources, multi_range_total);
+    if (ref.handle == VK_NULL_HANDLE) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    if (ref.needs_gather) {
+        PreCopyBarrier();
+        VkDeviceSize dst_offset = 0;
+        for (const MultiRangeSource& source : multi_range_sources) {
+            const std::array<VideoCommon::BufferCopy, 1> copy{VideoCommon::BufferCopy{
+                .src_offset = static_cast<u64>(source.offset),
+                .dst_offset = static_cast<u64>(dst_offset),
+                .size = static_cast<size_t>(source.size),
+            }};
+            CopyBuffer(ref.handle, source.handle, copy, false);
+            dst_offset += source.size;
+        }
+        PostCopyBarrier();
+        multi_range_buffers.MarkGathered(key);
+    }
+    guest_descriptor_queue.AddBuffer(ref.handle, ref.address, 0, ref.size);
+    return true;
+}
+
 void BufferCacheRuntime::BindIndexBuffer(PrimitiveTopology topology, IndexFormat index_format,
                                         u32 base_vertex, u32 num_indices, VkBuffer buffer,
                                         u32 offset, [[maybe_unused]] u32 size) {
@@ -8,11 +8,14 @@

 #include <limits>

+#include <boost/container/small_vector.hpp>
+
 #include "video_core/buffer_cache/buffer_cache_base.h"
 #include "video_core/buffer_cache/memory_tracker_base.h"
 #include "video_core/buffer_cache/usage_tracker.h"
 #include "video_core/engines/maxwell_3d.h"
 #include "video_core/renderer_vulkan/vk_compute_pass.h"
+#include "video_core/renderer_vulkan/vk_multi_range_buffer.h"
 #include "video_core/renderer_vulkan/vk_staging_buffer_pool.h"
 #include "video_core/renderer_vulkan/vk_update_descriptor.h"
 #include "video_core/surface.h"
@@ -31,7 +34,8 @@ class BufferCacheRuntime;
 class Buffer : public VideoCommon::BufferBase {
 public:
    explicit Buffer(BufferCacheRuntime&, VideoCommon::NullBufferParams null_params);
-    explicit Buffer(BufferCacheRuntime& runtime, VAddr cpu_addr_, u64 size_bytes_);
+    explicit Buffer(BufferCacheRuntime& runtime, VAddr cpu_addr_, u64 size_bytes_,
+                    bool sparse_compatible_ = false);

    [[nodiscard]] VkBufferView View(u32 offset, u32 size, VideoCore::Surface::PixelFormat format);

@@ -43,6 +47,14 @@ public:
        return device_address;
    }

+    [[nodiscard]] bool IsSparseCompatible() const noexcept {
+        return sparse_compatible;
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] vk::MemoryLocation Location() const noexcept {
+        return buffer.Location();
+    }
+
    [[nodiscard]] bool IsRegionUsed(u64 offset, u64 size) const noexcept {
        return tracker.IsUsed(offset, size);
    }
@@ -77,6 +89,7 @@ private:
    VkDeviceAddress device_address{};
    u64 last_usage_tick{};
    bool is_null{};
+    bool sparse_compatible{};
 };

 class QuadArrayIndexBuffer;
@@ -125,7 +138,7 @@ public:

    void PreCopyBarrier();

-    void CopyBuffer(VkBuffer src_buffer, VkBuffer dst_buffer,
+    void CopyBuffer(VkBuffer dst_buffer, VkBuffer src_buffer,
                    std::span<const VideoCommon::BufferCopy> copies, bool barrier,
                    bool can_reorder_upload = false);

@@ -155,6 +168,40 @@ public:
        return ref.mapped_span;
    }

+    [[nodiscard]] VkDeviceSize SparseAlignmentFor(bool sparse_compatible) const noexcept {
+        if (!sparse_compatible || !multi_range_buffers.UsesSparse()) {
+            return 0;
+        }
+        return multi_range_buffers.BlockSize();
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] bool PrefersSparseSources() const noexcept {
+        return multi_range_buffers.UsesSparse();
+    }
+
+    void ResetMultiRange() noexcept {
+        multi_range_sources.clear();
+        multi_range_total = 0;
+    }
+
+    void PushMultiRangeSource(const Buffer& buffer, u32 offset, u32 size) {
+        const vk::MemoryLocation location = buffer.Location();
+        multi_range_sources.push_back(MultiRangeSource{
+            .handle = buffer.Handle(),
+            .memory = location.memory,
+            .memory_offset = location.offset,
+            .offset = offset,
+            .size = size,
+        });
+        multi_range_total += size;
+    }
+
+    bool BindMultiRangeStorageBuffer(u64 key);
+
+    void InvalidateMultiRange(u64 key) {
+        multi_range_buffers.Invalidate(key);
+    }
+
    void BindUniformBuffer(const Buffer& buffer, u32 offset, u32 size) {
        BindBuffer(buffer, offset, size);
    }
@@ -208,6 +255,10 @@ private:
    std::unique_ptr<Uint8Pass> uint8_pass;
    QuadIndexedPass quad_index_pass;

+    MultiRangeBufferCache multi_range_buffers;
+    boost::container::small_vector<MultiRangeSource, 16> multi_range_sources;
+    VkDeviceSize multi_range_total{};
+
    bool limit_dynamic_storage_buffers = false;
    u32 max_dynamic_storage_buffers = (std::numeric_limits<u32>::max)();
 };
@@ -0,0 +1,304 @@
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2026 Eden Emulator Project
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later
+
+#include <mutex>
+
+#include "video_core/renderer_vulkan/vk_multi_range_buffer.h"
+#include "video_core/renderer_vulkan/vk_scheduler.h"
+#include "video_core/vulkan_common/vulkan_device.h"
+
+namespace Vulkan {
+
+MultiRangeBufferCache::MultiRangeBufferCache(const Device& device_,
+                                             MemoryAllocator& memory_allocator_,
+                                             Scheduler& scheduler_)
+    : device{device_}, memory_allocator{memory_allocator_}, scheduler{scheduler_} {
+    sparse_usage = VK_BUFFER_USAGE_TRANSFER_SRC_BIT | VK_BUFFER_USAGE_TRANSFER_DST_BIT |
+                   VK_BUFFER_USAGE_STORAGE_BUFFER_BIT;
+    if (device.IsBufferDeviceAddressSupported()) {
+        sparse_usage |= VK_BUFFER_USAGE_SHADER_DEVICE_ADDRESS_BIT;
+    }
+    if (!device.IsSparseBindingSupported()) {
+        return;
+    }
+    const VkDeviceSize queried = QueryBlockSize();
+    if (queried == 0) {
+        return;
+    }
+    block_size = queried;
+    use_sparse = true;
+}
+
+MultiRangeBufferCache::~MultiRangeBufferCache() {
+    const VkDevice logical = *device.GetLogical();
+    const auto& dld = device.GetDispatchLoader();
+    for (auto& [key, entry] : entries) {
+        if (entry.sparse_handle != VK_NULL_HANDLE) {
+            dld.vkDestroyBuffer(logical, entry.sparse_handle, nullptr);
+        }
+    }
+    entries.clear();
+    for (const Retired& item : retired) {
+        dld.vkDestroyBuffer(logical, item.handle, nullptr);
+    }
+    retired.clear();
+}
+
+VkDeviceSize MultiRangeBufferCache::QueryBlockSize() const {
+    const VkDevice logical = *device.GetLogical();
+    const auto& dld = device.GetDispatchLoader();
+    const VkBufferCreateInfo probe_ci{
+        .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_BUFFER_CREATE_INFO,
+        .pNext = nullptr,
+        .flags = VK_BUFFER_CREATE_SPARSE_BINDING_BIT | VK_BUFFER_CREATE_SPARSE_ALIASED_BIT,
+        .size = DEFAULT_BLOCK_SIZE,
+        .usage = sparse_usage,
+        .sharingMode = VK_SHARING_MODE_EXCLUSIVE,
+        .queueFamilyIndexCount = 0,
+        .pQueueFamilyIndices = nullptr,
+    };
+    VkBuffer probe{};
+    if (dld.vkCreateBuffer(logical, &probe_ci, nullptr, &probe) != VK_SUCCESS) {
+        return 0;
+    }
+    const VkBufferMemoryRequirementsInfo2 reqs_info{
+        .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_BUFFER_MEMORY_REQUIREMENTS_INFO_2,
+        .pNext = nullptr,
+        .buffer = probe,
+    };
+    VkMemoryRequirements2 reqs2{
+        .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_MEMORY_REQUIREMENTS_2,
+        .pNext = nullptr,
+        .memoryRequirements = {},
+    };
+    dld.vkGetBufferMemoryRequirements2(logical, &reqs_info, &reqs2);
+    dld.vkDestroyBuffer(logical, probe, nullptr);
+    return reqs2.memoryRequirements.alignment;
+}
+
+u64 MultiRangeBufferCache::HashSources(std::span<const MultiRangeSource> sources) const {
+    u64 hash = 0xcbf29ce484222325ULL;
+    const auto mix = [&hash](u64 value) {
+        hash ^= value;
+        hash *= 0x100000001b3ULL;
+    };
+    for (const MultiRangeSource& source : sources) {
+        mix(reinterpret_cast<u64>(source.handle));
+        mix(static_cast<u64>(source.offset));
+        mix(static_cast<u64>(source.size));
+    }
+    return hash;
+}
+
+bool MultiRangeBufferCache::CanBindSparse(std::span<const MultiRangeSource> sources) const {
+    if (!use_sparse) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    for (const MultiRangeSource& source : sources) {
+        if (source.memory == VK_NULL_HANDLE) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        const VkDeviceSize memory_offset = source.memory_offset + source.offset;
+        if ((memory_offset % block_size) != 0) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        if ((source.size % block_size) != 0) {
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+VkBuffer MultiRangeBufferCache::CreateSparse(std::span<const MultiRangeSource> sources,
+                                             VkDeviceSize total) {
+    const VkDevice logical = *device.GetLogical();
+    const auto& dld = device.GetDispatchLoader();
+    const VkBufferCreateInfo buffer_ci{
+        .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_BUFFER_CREATE_INFO,
+        .pNext = nullptr,
+        .flags = VK_BUFFER_CREATE_SPARSE_BINDING_BIT | VK_BUFFER_CREATE_SPARSE_ALIASED_BIT,
+        .size = total,
+        .usage = sparse_usage,
+        .sharingMode = VK_SHARING_MODE_EXCLUSIVE,
+        .queueFamilyIndexCount = 0,
+        .pQueueFamilyIndices = nullptr,
+    };
+    VkBuffer handle{};
+    if (dld.vkCreateBuffer(logical, &buffer_ci, nullptr, &handle) != VK_SUCCESS) {
+        return VK_NULL_HANDLE;
+    }
+    std::vector<VkSparseMemoryBind> binds;
+    binds.reserve(sources.size());
+    VkDeviceSize resource_offset = 0;
+    for (const MultiRangeSource& source : sources) {
+        binds.push_back(VkSparseMemoryBind{
+            .resourceOffset = resource_offset,
+            .size = source.size,
+            .memory = source.memory,
+            .memoryOffset = source.memory_offset + source.offset,
+            .flags = 0,
+        });
+        resource_offset += source.size;
+    }
+    const VkSparseBufferMemoryBindInfo buffer_bind{
+        .buffer = handle,
+        .bindCount = static_cast<u32>(binds.size()),
+        .pBinds = binds.data(),
+    };
+    const VkBindSparseInfo bind_info{
+        .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_BIND_SPARSE_INFO,
+        .pNext = nullptr,
+        .waitSemaphoreCount = 0,
+        .pWaitSemaphores = nullptr,
+        .bufferBindCount = 1,
+        .pBufferBinds = &buffer_bind,
+        .imageOpaqueBindCount = 0,
+        .pImageOpaqueBinds = nullptr,
+        .imageBindCount = 0,
+        .pImageBinds = nullptr,
+        .signalSemaphoreCount = 0,
+        .pSignalSemaphores = nullptr,
+    };
+    const VkFenceCreateInfo fence_ci{
+        .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_FENCE_CREATE_INFO,
+        .pNext = nullptr,
+        .flags = 0,
+    };
+    vk::Fence fence = device.GetLogical().CreateFence(fence_ci);
+    VkResult bind_result = VK_ERROR_UNKNOWN;
+    {
+        std::scoped_lock lock{scheduler.submit_mutex};
+        bind_result = device.GetGraphicsQueue().BindSparse(bind_info, *fence);
+    }
+    if (bind_result != VK_SUCCESS) {
+        dld.vkDestroyBuffer(logical, handle, nullptr);
+        return VK_NULL_HANDLE;
+    }
+    fence.Wait();
+    return handle;
+}
+
+void MultiRangeBufferCache::DestroySparse(VkBuffer handle) {
+    if (handle == VK_NULL_HANDLE) {
+        return;
+    }
+    retired.push_back(Retired{
+        .handle = handle,
+        .tick = scheduler.CurrentTick(),
+    });
+}
+
+void MultiRangeBufferCache::DrainRetired() {
+    const VkDevice logical = *device.GetLogical();
+    const auto& dld = device.GetDispatchLoader();
+    size_t index = 0;
+    while (index < retired.size()) {
+        if (scheduler.IsFree(retired[index].tick)) {
+            dld.vkDestroyBuffer(logical, retired[index].handle, nullptr);
+            retired[index] = retired.back();
+            retired.pop_back();
+        } else {
+            ++index;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+MultiRangeRef MultiRangeBufferCache::Get(u64 key, std::span<const MultiRangeSource> sources,
+                                         VkDeviceSize total) {
+    if (sources.empty() || total == 0) {
+        return MultiRangeRef{};
+    }
+    if (!retired.empty()) {
+        DrainRetired();
+    }
+    const u64 geometry = HashSources(sources);
+    const auto it = entries.find(key);
+    if (it != entries.end() && it->second.geometry == geometry && it->second.size == total) {
+        Entry& entry = it->second;
+        MultiRangeRef ref{
+            .handle = entry.sparse_handle,
+            .address = entry.address,
+            .size = entry.size,
+            .needs_gather = false,
+        };
+        if (entry.sparse_handle == VK_NULL_HANDLE) {
+            ref.handle = *entry.gathered;
+            ref.needs_gather = entry.dirty;
+        }
+        return ref;
+    }
+    if (it != entries.end()) {
+        DestroySparse(it->second.sparse_handle);
+        entries.erase(it);
+    }
+
+    Entry entry;
+    entry.geometry = geometry;
+    entry.size = total;
+    if (CanBindSparse(sources)) {
+        entry.sparse_handle = CreateSparse(sources, total);
+    }
+    if (entry.sparse_handle == VK_NULL_HANDLE) {
+        VkBufferUsageFlags flags = VK_BUFFER_USAGE_TRANSFER_SRC_BIT |
+                                   VK_BUFFER_USAGE_TRANSFER_DST_BIT |
+                                   VK_BUFFER_USAGE_STORAGE_BUFFER_BIT;
+        if (device.IsBufferDeviceAddressSupported()) {
+            flags |= VK_BUFFER_USAGE_SHADER_DEVICE_ADDRESS_BIT;
+        }
+        const VkBufferCreateInfo gather_ci{
+            .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_BUFFER_CREATE_INFO,
+            .pNext = nullptr,
+            .flags = 0,
+            .size = total,
+            .usage = flags,
+            .sharingMode = VK_SHARING_MODE_EXCLUSIVE,
+            .queueFamilyIndexCount = 0,
+            .pQueueFamilyIndices = nullptr,
+        };
+        entry.gathered = memory_allocator.CreateBuffer(gather_ci, MemoryUsage::DeviceLocal);
+        entry.dirty = true;
+    }
+    if (device.IsBufferDeviceAddressSupported()) {
+        VkBuffer address_handle = entry.sparse_handle;
+        if (address_handle == VK_NULL_HANDLE) {
+            address_handle = *entry.gathered;
+        }
+        entry.address = device.GetLogical().GetBufferDeviceAddress(address_handle);
+    }
+
+    MultiRangeRef ref{
+        .handle = entry.sparse_handle,
+        .address = entry.address,
+        .size = entry.size,
+        .needs_gather = false,
+    };
+    if (entry.sparse_handle == VK_NULL_HANDLE) {
+        ref.handle = *entry.gathered;
+        ref.needs_gather = true;
+    }
+    entries.emplace(key, std::move(entry));
+    return ref;
+}
+
+void MultiRangeBufferCache::MarkGathered(u64 key) {
+    const auto it = entries.find(key);
+    if (it != entries.end()) {
+        it->second.dirty = false;
+    }
+}
+
+void MultiRangeBufferCache::Invalidate(u64 key) {
+    const auto it = entries.find(key);
+    if (it != entries.end()) {
+        it->second.dirty = true;
+    }
+}
+
+void MultiRangeBufferCache::Clear() {
+    for (auto& [key, entry] : entries) {
+        DestroySparse(entry.sparse_handle);
+    }
+    entries.clear();
+}
+
+} // namespace Vulkan
@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2026 Eden Emulator Project
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <span>
+#include <unordered_map>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include "common/common_types.h"
+#include "video_core/vulkan_common/vulkan_memory_allocator.h"
+#include "video_core/vulkan_common/vulkan_wrapper.h"
+
+namespace Vulkan {
+
+class Device;
+class Scheduler;
+
+struct MultiRangeSource {
+    VkBuffer handle{};
+    VkDeviceMemory memory{};
+    VkDeviceSize memory_offset{};
+    VkDeviceSize offset{};
+    VkDeviceSize size{};
+};
+
+struct MultiRangeRef {
+    VkBuffer handle{};
+    VkDeviceAddress address{};
+    VkDeviceSize size{};
+    bool needs_gather{};
+};
+
+class MultiRangeBufferCache final {
+public:
+    static constexpr VkDeviceSize DEFAULT_BLOCK_SIZE = 64 * 1024;
+
+    explicit MultiRangeBufferCache(const Device& device_, MemoryAllocator& memory_allocator_,
+                                   Scheduler& scheduler_);
+    ~MultiRangeBufferCache();
+
+    MultiRangeBufferCache(const MultiRangeBufferCache&) = delete;
+    MultiRangeBufferCache& operator=(const MultiRangeBufferCache&) = delete;
+
+    [[nodiscard]] bool UsesSparse() const noexcept {
+        return use_sparse;
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] VkDeviceSize BlockSize() const noexcept {
+        return block_size;
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] MultiRangeRef Get(u64 key, std::span<const MultiRangeSource> sources,
+                                    VkDeviceSize total);
+
+    void MarkGathered(u64 key);
+
+    void Invalidate(u64 key);
+
+    void Clear();
+
+private:
+    struct Retired {
+        VkBuffer handle{};
+        u64 tick{};
+    };
+
+    struct Entry {
+        vk::Buffer gathered;
+        VkBuffer sparse_handle{};
+        VkDeviceAddress address{};
+        VkDeviceSize size{};
+        u64 geometry{};
+        bool dirty{true};
+    };
+
+    [[nodiscard]] u64 HashSources(std::span<const MultiRangeSource> sources) const;
+
+    [[nodiscard]] bool CanBindSparse(std::span<const MultiRangeSource> sources) const;
+
+    [[nodiscard]] VkBuffer CreateSparse(std::span<const MultiRangeSource> sources,
+                                        VkDeviceSize total);
+
+    [[nodiscard]] VkDeviceSize QueryBlockSize() const;
+
+    void DestroySparse(VkBuffer handle);
+
+    void DrainRetired();
+
+    const Device& device;
+    MemoryAllocator& memory_allocator;
+    Scheduler& scheduler;
+    bool use_sparse{};
+    VkDeviceSize block_size{DEFAULT_BLOCK_SIZE};
+    VkBufferUsageFlags sparse_usage{};
+    std::unordered_map<u64, Entry> entries;
+    std::vector<Retired> retired;
+};
+
+} // namespace Vulkan
@@ -338,7 +338,7 @@ void PresentManager::PresentThread(std::stop_token token) {
            // By exchanging the lock ownership we take the swapchain lock
            // before the queue lock goes out of scope. This way the swapchain
            // lock in WaitPresent is guaranteed to occur after here.
-            std::exchange(lock, std::unique_lock{swapchain_mutex});
+            void(std::exchange(lock, std::unique_lock{swapchain_mutex}));
            CopyToSwapchain(frame);

            // Free the frame for reuse
@@ -819,6 +819,7 @@ void RasterizerVulkan::ModifyGPUMemory(size_t as_id, GPUVAddr addr, u64 size) {
        std::scoped_lock lock{texture_cache.mutex};
        texture_cache.UnmapGPUMemory(as_id, addr, size);
    }
+    buffer_cache.UnmapGPUMemory(as_id, addr, size);
 }

 void RasterizerVulkan::SignalFence(std::function<void()>&& func) {
@@ -300,7 +300,7 @@ void Scheduler::WorkerThread(std::stop_token stop_token) {
            // Exchange lock ownership so that we take the execution lock before
            // the queue lock goes out of scope. This allows us to force execution
            // to complete in the next step.
-            std::exchange(lk, std::unique_lock{execution_mutex});
+            void(std::exchange(lk, std::unique_lock{execution_mutex}));

            // Perform the work, tracking whether the chunk was a submission
            // before executing.
@@ -1570,6 +1570,8 @@ void Device::SetupFamilies(VkSurfaceKHR surface) {
    }
    if (graphics) {
        graphics_family = *graphics;
+        graphics_family_sparse_binding =
+            (queue_family_properties[*graphics].queueFlags & VK_QUEUE_SPARSE_BINDING_BIT) != 0;
    }
    if (present) {
        present_family = *present;
@@ -317,6 +317,10 @@ public:
        return properties.driver.driverID;
    }

+    bool IsSparseBindingSupported() const {
+        return features.features.sparseBinding && graphics_family_sparse_binding;
+    }
+
    /// Returns true for tile-based deferred renderers.
    bool IsTiler() const {
        switch (GetDriverID()) {
@@ -1146,6 +1150,7 @@ private:
    bool owns_static_pipeline_cache{};
    u32 instance_version{};      ///< Vulkan instance version.
    u32 graphics_family{};       ///< Main graphics queue family index.
+    bool graphics_family_sparse_binding{};
    u32 present_family{};        ///< Main present queue family index.

    struct Extensions {
@@ -26,350 +26,408 @@
 #include "common/settings.h"

 namespace Vulkan {
-    namespace {
+namespace {

 // Helpers translating MemoryUsage to flags/usage

-        [[maybe_unused]] VkMemoryPropertyFlags MemoryUsagePropertyFlags(MemoryUsage usage) {
-            switch (usage) {
-                case MemoryUsage::DeviceLocal:
-                    return VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_DEVICE_LOCAL_BIT;
-                case MemoryUsage::Upload:
-                    return VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_VISIBLE_BIT |
-                           VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_COHERENT_BIT;
-                case MemoryUsage::Download:
-                    return VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_VISIBLE_BIT |
-                           VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_COHERENT_BIT |
-                           VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_CACHED_BIT;
-                case MemoryUsage::Stream:
-                    return VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_DEVICE_LOCAL_BIT |
-                           VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_VISIBLE_BIT |
-                           VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_COHERENT_BIT;
-            }
-            ASSERT_MSG(false, "Invalid memory usage={}", usage);
-            return VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_VISIBLE_BIT | VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_COHERENT_BIT;
+    [[maybe_unused]] VkMemoryPropertyFlags MemoryUsagePropertyFlags(MemoryUsage usage) {
+        switch (usage) {
+            case MemoryUsage::DeviceLocal:
+                return VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_DEVICE_LOCAL_BIT;
+            case MemoryUsage::Upload:
+                return VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_VISIBLE_BIT |
+                        VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_COHERENT_BIT;
+            case MemoryUsage::Download:
+                return VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_VISIBLE_BIT |
+                        VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_COHERENT_BIT |
+                        VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_CACHED_BIT;
+            case MemoryUsage::Stream:
+                return VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_DEVICE_LOCAL_BIT |
+                        VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_VISIBLE_BIT |
+                        VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_COHERENT_BIT;
        }
+        ASSERT_MSG(false, "Invalid memory usage={}", usage);
+        return VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_VISIBLE_BIT | VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_COHERENT_BIT;
+    }

-        [[nodiscard]] VkMemoryPropertyFlags MemoryUsagePreferredVmaFlags(MemoryUsage usage) {
-            if (usage == MemoryUsage::Download) {
-                return VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_CACHED_BIT | VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_COHERENT_BIT;
-            }
-            return usage != MemoryUsage::DeviceLocal ? VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_COHERENT_BIT
-                                                     : VkMemoryPropertyFlagBits{};
+    [[nodiscard]] VkMemoryPropertyFlags MemoryUsagePreferredVmaFlags(MemoryUsage usage) {
+        if (usage == MemoryUsage::Download) {
+            return VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_CACHED_BIT | VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_COHERENT_BIT;
        }
+        return usage != MemoryUsage::DeviceLocal ? VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_COHERENT_BIT
+                                                    : VkMemoryPropertyFlagBits{};
+    }

-        [[nodiscard]] VmaAllocationCreateFlags MemoryUsageVmaFlags(MemoryUsage usage) {
-            switch (usage) {
-                case MemoryUsage::Upload:
-                case MemoryUsage::Stream:
-                    return VMA_ALLOCATION_CREATE_MAPPED_BIT |
-                           VMA_ALLOCATION_CREATE_HOST_ACCESS_SEQUENTIAL_WRITE_BIT;
-                case MemoryUsage::Download:
-                    return VMA_ALLOCATION_CREATE_MAPPED_BIT |
-                           VMA_ALLOCATION_CREATE_HOST_ACCESS_RANDOM_BIT;
-                case MemoryUsage::DeviceLocal:
-                    return {};
-            }
-            return {};
+    [[nodiscard]] VmaAllocationCreateFlags MemoryUsageVmaFlags(MemoryUsage usage) {
+        switch (usage) {
+            case MemoryUsage::Upload:
+            case MemoryUsage::Stream:
+                return VMA_ALLOCATION_CREATE_MAPPED_BIT |
+                        VMA_ALLOCATION_CREATE_HOST_ACCESS_SEQUENTIAL_WRITE_BIT;
+            case MemoryUsage::Download:
+                return VMA_ALLOCATION_CREATE_MAPPED_BIT |
+                        VMA_ALLOCATION_CREATE_HOST_ACCESS_RANDOM_BIT;
+            case MemoryUsage::DeviceLocal:
+                return {};
        }
+        return {};
+    }

-        [[nodiscard]] VmaMemoryUsage MemoryUsageVma(MemoryUsage usage) {
-            switch (usage) {
-                case MemoryUsage::DeviceLocal:
-                case MemoryUsage::Stream:
-                    return VMA_MEMORY_USAGE_AUTO_PREFER_DEVICE;
-                case MemoryUsage::Upload:
-                case MemoryUsage::Download:
-                    return VMA_MEMORY_USAGE_AUTO_PREFER_HOST;
-            }
-            return VMA_MEMORY_USAGE_AUTO_PREFER_DEVICE;
+    [[nodiscard]] VmaMemoryUsage MemoryUsageVma(MemoryUsage usage) {
+        switch (usage) {
+            case MemoryUsage::DeviceLocal:
+            case MemoryUsage::Stream:
+                return VMA_MEMORY_USAGE_AUTO_PREFER_DEVICE;
+            case MemoryUsage::Upload:
+            case MemoryUsage::Download:
+                return VMA_MEMORY_USAGE_AUTO_PREFER_HOST;
        }
-
-
-// This avoids calling vkGetBufferMemoryRequirements* directly.
-        template<typename T>
-        static VkBuffer GetVkHandleFromBuffer(const T &buf) {
-            if constexpr (requires { static_cast<VkBuffer>(buf); }) {
-                return static_cast<VkBuffer>(buf);
-            } else if constexpr (requires {{ buf.GetHandle() } -> std::convertible_to<VkBuffer>; }) {
-                return buf.GetHandle();
-            } else if constexpr (requires {{ buf.Handle() } -> std::convertible_to<VkBuffer>; }) {
-                return buf.Handle();
-            } else if constexpr (requires {{ buf.vk_handle() } -> std::convertible_to<VkBuffer>; }) {
-                return buf.vk_handle();
-            } else {
-                static_assert(sizeof(T) == 0, "Cannot extract VkBuffer handle from vk::Buffer");
-                return VK_NULL_HANDLE;
-            }
-        }
-
-    } // namespace
+        return VMA_MEMORY_USAGE_AUTO_PREFER_DEVICE;
+    }
+} // namespace

 //MemoryCommit is now VMA-backed
-    MemoryCommit::MemoryCommit(VmaAllocator alloc, VmaAllocation a,
-                               const VmaAllocationInfo &info) noexcept
-            : allocator{alloc}, allocation{a}, memory{info.deviceMemory},
-              offset{info.offset}, size{info.size}, mapped_ptr{info.pMappedData} {
-        // Log GPU memory allocation
+MemoryCommit::MemoryCommit(VmaAllocator alloc, VmaAllocation a,
+                            const VmaAllocationInfo &info) noexcept
+        : allocator{alloc}, allocation{a}, memory{info.deviceMemory},
+            offset{info.offset}, size{info.size}, mapped_ptr{info.pMappedData} {
+    // Log GPU memory allocation
+    if (GPU::Logging::IsActive() &&
+        Settings::values.gpu_log_memory_tracking.GetValue()) {
+        GPU::Logging::GPULogger::GetInstance().LogMemoryAllocation(
+            reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(memory),
+            static_cast<u64>(size),
+            0  // Memory property flags (not easily available from VMA)
+        );
+    }
+}
+
+MemoryCommit::~MemoryCommit() { Release(); }
+
+MemoryCommit::MemoryCommit(MemoryCommit &&rhs) noexcept
+        : allocator{std::exchange(rhs.allocator, nullptr)},
+            allocation{std::exchange(rhs.allocation, nullptr)},
+            memory{std::exchange(rhs.memory, VK_NULL_HANDLE)},
+            offset{std::exchange(rhs.offset, 0)},
+            size{std::exchange(rhs.size, 0)},
+            mapped_ptr{std::exchange(rhs.mapped_ptr, nullptr)} {}
+
+MemoryCommit &MemoryCommit::operator=(MemoryCommit &&rhs) noexcept {
+    if (this != &rhs) {
+        Release();
+        allocator = std::exchange(rhs.allocator, nullptr);
+        allocation = std::exchange(rhs.allocation, nullptr);
+        memory = std::exchange(rhs.memory, VK_NULL_HANDLE);
+        offset = std::exchange(rhs.offset, 0);
+        size = std::exchange(rhs.size, 0);
+        mapped_ptr = std::exchange(rhs.mapped_ptr, nullptr);
+    }
+    return *this;
+}
+
+std::span<u8> MemoryCommit::Map()
+{
+    if (!allocation) return {};
+    if (!mapped_ptr) {
+        if (vmaMapMemory(allocator, allocation, &mapped_ptr) != VK_SUCCESS) return {};
+    }
+    const size_t n = static_cast<size_t>(std::min<VkDeviceSize>(size,
+                                                                (std::numeric_limits<size_t>::max)()));
+    return std::span<u8>{static_cast<u8 *>(mapped_ptr), n};
+}
+
+std::span<const u8> MemoryCommit::Map() const
+{
+    if (!allocation) return {};
+    if (!mapped_ptr) {
+        void *p = nullptr;
+        if (vmaMapMemory(allocator, allocation, &p) != VK_SUCCESS) return {};
+        const_cast<MemoryCommit *>(this)->mapped_ptr = p;
+    }
+    const size_t n = static_cast<size_t>(std::min<VkDeviceSize>(size,
+                                                                (std::numeric_limits<size_t>::max)()));
+    return std::span<const u8>{static_cast<const u8 *>(mapped_ptr), n};
+}
+
+void MemoryCommit::Unmap()
+{
+    if (allocation && mapped_ptr) {
+        vmaUnmapMemory(allocator, allocation);
+        mapped_ptr = nullptr;
+    }
+}
+
+void MemoryCommit::Release() {
+    if (allocation && allocator) {
+        // Log GPU memory deallocation
        if (GPU::Logging::IsActive() &&
-            Settings::values.gpu_log_memory_tracking.GetValue()) {
-            GPU::Logging::GPULogger::GetInstance().LogMemoryAllocation(
-                reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(memory),
-                static_cast<u64>(size),
-                0  // Memory property flags (not easily available from VMA)
+            Settings::values.gpu_log_memory_tracking.GetValue() &&
+            memory != VK_NULL_HANDLE) {
+            GPU::Logging::GPULogger::GetInstance().LogMemoryDeallocation(
+                reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(memory)
            );
        }
-    }

-    MemoryCommit::~MemoryCommit() { Release(); }
-
-    MemoryCommit::MemoryCommit(MemoryCommit &&rhs) noexcept
-            : allocator{std::exchange(rhs.allocator, nullptr)},
-              allocation{std::exchange(rhs.allocation, nullptr)},
-              memory{std::exchange(rhs.memory, VK_NULL_HANDLE)},
-              offset{std::exchange(rhs.offset, 0)},
-              size{std::exchange(rhs.size, 0)},
-              mapped_ptr{std::exchange(rhs.mapped_ptr, nullptr)} {}
-
-    MemoryCommit &MemoryCommit::operator=(MemoryCommit &&rhs) noexcept {
-        if (this != &rhs) {
-            Release();
-            allocator = std::exchange(rhs.allocator, nullptr);
-            allocation = std::exchange(rhs.allocation, nullptr);
-            memory = std::exchange(rhs.memory, VK_NULL_HANDLE);
-            offset = std::exchange(rhs.offset, 0);
-            size = std::exchange(rhs.size, 0);
-            mapped_ptr = std::exchange(rhs.mapped_ptr, nullptr);
-        }
-        return *this;
-    }
-
-    std::span<u8> MemoryCommit::Map()
-    {
-        if (!allocation) return {};
-        if (!mapped_ptr) {
-            if (vmaMapMemory(allocator, allocation, &mapped_ptr) != VK_SUCCESS) return {};
-        }
-        const size_t n = static_cast<size_t>(std::min<VkDeviceSize>(size,
-                                                                    (std::numeric_limits<size_t>::max)()));
-        return std::span<u8>{static_cast<u8 *>(mapped_ptr), n};
-    }
-
-    std::span<const u8> MemoryCommit::Map() const
-    {
-        if (!allocation) return {};
-        if (!mapped_ptr) {
-            void *p = nullptr;
-            if (vmaMapMemory(allocator, allocation, &p) != VK_SUCCESS) return {};
-            const_cast<MemoryCommit *>(this)->mapped_ptr = p;
-        }
-        const size_t n = static_cast<size_t>(std::min<VkDeviceSize>(size,
-                                                                    (std::numeric_limits<size_t>::max)()));
-        return std::span<const u8>{static_cast<const u8 *>(mapped_ptr), n};
-    }
-
-    void MemoryCommit::Unmap()
-    {
-        if (allocation && mapped_ptr) {
+        if (mapped_ptr) {
            vmaUnmapMemory(allocator, allocation);
            mapped_ptr = nullptr;
        }
+        vmaFreeMemory(allocator, allocation);
    }
+    allocation = nullptr;
+    allocator = nullptr;
+    memory = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
+    offset = 0;
+    size = 0;
+}

-    void MemoryCommit::Release() {
-        if (allocation && allocator) {
-            // Log GPU memory deallocation
-            if (GPU::Logging::IsActive() &&
-                Settings::values.gpu_log_memory_tracking.GetValue() &&
-                memory != VK_NULL_HANDLE) {
-                GPU::Logging::GPULogger::GetInstance().LogMemoryDeallocation(
-                    reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(memory)
-                );
-            }
+MemoryAllocator::MemoryAllocator(const Device &device_)
+        : device{device_}, allocator{device.GetAllocator()},
+            properties{device_.GetPhysical().GetMemoryProperties().memoryProperties},
+            buffer_image_granularity{
+                    device_.GetPhysical().GetProperties().limits.bufferImageGranularity} {

-            if (mapped_ptr) {
-                vmaUnmapMemory(allocator, allocation);
-                mapped_ptr = nullptr;
-            }
-            vmaFreeMemory(allocator, allocation);
-        }
-        allocation = nullptr;
-        allocator = nullptr;
-        memory = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
-        offset = 0;
-        size = 0;
-    }
-
-    MemoryAllocator::MemoryAllocator(const Device &device_)
-            : device{device_}, allocator{device.GetAllocator()},
-              properties{device_.GetPhysical().GetMemoryProperties().memoryProperties},
-              buffer_image_granularity{
-                      device_.GetPhysical().GetProperties().limits.bufferImageGranularity} {
-
-        // Preserve the previous "RenderDoc small heap" trimming behavior that we had in original vma minus the heap bug
-        if (device.HasDebuggingToolAttached())
-        {
-            using namespace Common::Literals;
-            ForEachDeviceLocalHostVisibleHeap(device, [this](size_t heap_idx, VkMemoryHeap &heap) {
-                if (heap.size <= 256_MiB) {
-                    for (u32 t = 0; t < properties.memoryTypeCount; ++t) {
-                        if (properties.memoryTypes[t].heapIndex == heap_idx) {
-                            valid_memory_types &= ~(1u << t);
-                        }
+    // Preserve the previous "RenderDoc small heap" trimming behavior that we had in original vma minus the heap bug
+    if (device.HasDebuggingToolAttached())
+    {
+        using namespace Common::Literals;
+        ForEachDeviceLocalHostVisibleHeap(device, [this](size_t heap_idx, VkMemoryHeap &heap) {
+            if (heap.size <= 256_MiB) {
+                for (u32 t = 0; t < properties.memoryTypeCount; ++t) {
+                    if (properties.memoryTypes[t].heapIndex == heap_idx) {
+                        valid_memory_types &= ~(1u << t);
                    }
                }
-            });
-        }
+            }
+        });
    }
+}

-    MemoryAllocator::~MemoryAllocator() = default;
+MemoryAllocator::~MemoryAllocator() = default;

-    vk::Image MemoryAllocator::CreateImage(const VkImageCreateInfo &ci) const
-    {
-        const VmaAllocationCreateInfo alloc_ci = {
-                .flags = VMA_ALLOCATION_CREATE_WITHIN_BUDGET_BIT,
-                .usage = VMA_MEMORY_USAGE_AUTO_PREFER_DEVICE,
-                .requiredFlags = 0,
-                .preferredFlags = VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_DEVICE_LOCAL_BIT,
-                .memoryTypeBits = 0,
-                .pool = VK_NULL_HANDLE,
-                .pUserData = nullptr,
-                .priority = 0.f,
-        };
-
-        VkImage handle{};
-        VmaAllocation allocation{};
-        VmaAllocationInfo alloc_info{};
-        vk::Check(vmaCreateImage(allocator, &ci, &alloc_ci, &handle, &allocation, &alloc_info));
-
-        // Log GPU memory allocation for images
-        if (GPU::Logging::IsActive() &&
-            Settings::values.gpu_log_memory_tracking.GetValue()) {
-            GPU::Logging::GPULogger::GetInstance().LogMemoryAllocation(
-                reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(alloc_info.deviceMemory),
-                static_cast<u64>(alloc_info.size),
-                VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_DEVICE_LOCAL_BIT
-            );
-        }
-
-        return vk::Image(handle, ci.usage, *device.GetLogical(), allocator, allocation,
-                         device.GetDispatchLoader());
-    }
-
-    vk::Buffer MemoryAllocator::CreateBuffer(const VkBufferCreateInfo &ci, MemoryUsage usage) const {
-        // MESA will do memcpy() if not marked as host cached, so just force mark it for most buffers
-        auto const anv_flags = (usage == MemoryUsage::Stream
-            && device.GetDriverID() == VK_DRIVER_ID_INTEL_OPEN_SOURCE_MESA)
-            ? VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_CACHED_BIT : 0;
-        const VmaAllocationCreateInfo alloc_ci = {
-            .flags = VMA_ALLOCATION_CREATE_WITHIN_BUDGET_BIT | MemoryUsageVmaFlags(usage),
-            .usage = MemoryUsageVma(usage),
+vk::Image MemoryAllocator::CreateImage(const VkImageCreateInfo &ci) const
+{
+    const VmaAllocationCreateInfo alloc_ci = {
+            .flags = VMA_ALLOCATION_CREATE_WITHIN_BUDGET_BIT,
+            .usage = VMA_MEMORY_USAGE_AUTO_PREFER_DEVICE,
            .requiredFlags = 0,
-            .preferredFlags = MemoryUsagePreferredVmaFlags(usage) | anv_flags,
-            .memoryTypeBits = usage == MemoryUsage::Stream ? 0u : valid_memory_types,
+            .preferredFlags = VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_DEVICE_LOCAL_BIT,
+            .memoryTypeBits = 0,
            .pool = VK_NULL_HANDLE,
            .pUserData = nullptr,
            .priority = 0.f,
-        };
+    };

-        VkBuffer handle{};
-        VmaAllocationInfo alloc_info{};
-        VmaAllocation allocation{};
-        VkMemoryPropertyFlags property_flags{};
+    VkImage handle{};
+    VmaAllocation allocation{};
+    VmaAllocationInfo alloc_info{};
+    vk::Check(vmaCreateImage(allocator, &ci, &alloc_ci, &handle, &allocation, &alloc_info));

-        vk::Check(vmaCreateBuffer(allocator, &ci, &alloc_ci, &handle, &allocation, &alloc_info));
-        vmaGetAllocationMemoryProperties(allocator, allocation, &property_flags);
-
-        // Log GPU memory allocation for buffers
-        if (GPU::Logging::IsActive() &&
-            Settings::values.gpu_log_memory_tracking.GetValue()) {
-            GPU::Logging::GPULogger::GetInstance().LogMemoryAllocation(
-                reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(alloc_info.deviceMemory),
-                static_cast<u64>(alloc_info.size),
-                property_flags
-            );
-        }
-
-        u8 *data = reinterpret_cast<u8 *>(alloc_info.pMappedData);
-        const std::span<u8> mapped_data = data ? std::span<u8>{data, ci.size} : std::span<u8>{};
-        const bool is_coherent = (property_flags & VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_COHERENT_BIT) != 0;
-
-        return vk::Buffer(handle, *device.GetLogical(), allocator, allocation, mapped_data,
-                          is_coherent,
-                          device.GetDispatchLoader());
+    // Log GPU memory allocation for images
+    if (GPU::Logging::IsActive() &&
+        Settings::values.gpu_log_memory_tracking.GetValue()) {
+        GPU::Logging::GPULogger::GetInstance().LogMemoryAllocation(
+            reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(alloc_info.deviceMemory),
+            static_cast<u64>(alloc_info.size),
+            VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_DEVICE_LOCAL_BIT
+        );
    }

-    MemoryCommit MemoryAllocator::Commit(const VkMemoryRequirements &reqs, MemoryUsage usage)
-    {
-        const auto vma_usage = MemoryUsageVma(usage);
-        VmaAllocationCreateInfo ci{};
-        ci.flags = VMA_ALLOCATION_CREATE_WITHIN_BUDGET_BIT | MemoryUsageVmaFlags(usage);
-        ci.usage = vma_usage;
-        ci.memoryTypeBits = reqs.memoryTypeBits & valid_memory_types;
-        ci.requiredFlags = 0;
-        ci.preferredFlags = MemoryUsagePreferredVmaFlags(usage);
+    return vk::Image(handle, ci.usage, *device.GetLogical(), allocator, allocation,
+                        device.GetDispatchLoader());
+}

-        VmaAllocation a{};
-        VmaAllocationInfo info{};
+vk::Buffer MemoryAllocator::CreateBuffer(const VkBufferCreateInfo &ci, MemoryUsage usage) const {
+    // MESA will do memcpy() if not marked as host cached, so just force mark it for most buffers
+    auto const anv_flags = (usage == MemoryUsage::Stream
+        && device.GetDriverID() == VK_DRIVER_ID_INTEL_OPEN_SOURCE_MESA)
+        ? VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_CACHED_BIT : 0;
+    const VmaAllocationCreateInfo alloc_ci = {
+        .flags = VMA_ALLOCATION_CREATE_WITHIN_BUDGET_BIT | MemoryUsageVmaFlags(usage),
+        .usage = MemoryUsageVma(usage),
+        .requiredFlags = 0,
+        .preferredFlags = MemoryUsagePreferredVmaFlags(usage) | anv_flags,
+        .memoryTypeBits = usage == MemoryUsage::Stream ? 0u : valid_memory_types,
+        .pool = VK_NULL_HANDLE,
+        .pUserData = nullptr,
+        .priority = 0.f,
+    };

-        VkResult res = vmaAllocateMemory(allocator, &reqs, &ci, &a, &info);
+    VkBuffer handle{};
+    VmaAllocationInfo alloc_info{};
+    VmaAllocation allocation{};
+    VkMemoryPropertyFlags property_flags{};

-        if (res != VK_SUCCESS) {
-            // Relax 1: drop budget constraint
-            auto ci2 = ci;
-            ci2.flags &= ~VMA_ALLOCATION_CREATE_WITHIN_BUDGET_BIT;
-            res = vmaAllocateMemory(allocator, &reqs, &ci2, &a, &info);
+    vk::Check(vmaCreateBuffer(allocator, &ci, &alloc_ci, &handle, &allocation, &alloc_info));
+    vmaGetAllocationMemoryProperties(allocator, allocation, &property_flags);

-            // Relax 2: if we preferred DEVICE_LOCAL, drop that preference
-            if (res != VK_SUCCESS && (ci.preferredFlags & VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_DEVICE_LOCAL_BIT)) {
-                auto ci3 = ci2;
-                ci3.preferredFlags &= ~VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_DEVICE_LOCAL_BIT;
-                res = vmaAllocateMemory(allocator, &reqs, &ci3, &a, &info);
-            }
-        }
+    // Log GPU memory allocation for buffers
+    if (GPU::Logging::IsActive() &&
+        Settings::values.gpu_log_memory_tracking.GetValue()) {
+        GPU::Logging::GPULogger::GetInstance().LogMemoryAllocation(
+            reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(alloc_info.deviceMemory),
+            static_cast<u64>(alloc_info.size),
+            property_flags
+        );
+    }

+    u8 *data = reinterpret_cast<u8 *>(alloc_info.pMappedData);
+    const std::span<u8> mapped_data = data ? std::span<u8>{data, ci.size} : std::span<u8>{};
+    const bool is_coherent = (property_flags & VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_COHERENT_BIT) != 0;
+
+    return vk::Buffer(handle, *device.GetLogical(), allocator, allocation, mapped_data,
+                        is_coherent,
+                        device.GetDispatchLoader());
+}
+
+vk::Buffer MemoryAllocator::CreateBuffer(const VkBufferCreateInfo &ci, MemoryUsage usage,
+                                         VkDeviceSize min_alignment) const {
+    if (min_alignment <= 1) {
+        return CreateBuffer(ci, usage);
+    }
+    VkMemoryPropertyFlags anv_flags = 0;
+    if (usage == MemoryUsage::Stream &&
+        device.GetDriverID() == VK_DRIVER_ID_INTEL_OPEN_SOURCE_MESA) {
+        anv_flags = VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_CACHED_BIT;
+    }
+    u32 memory_type_bits = valid_memory_types;
+    if (usage == MemoryUsage::Stream) {
+        memory_type_bits = 0u;
+    }
+    const VmaAllocationCreateInfo alloc_ci = {
+        .flags = VMA_ALLOCATION_CREATE_WITHIN_BUDGET_BIT | MemoryUsageVmaFlags(usage),
+        .usage = MemoryUsageVma(usage),
+        .requiredFlags = 0,
+        .preferredFlags = MemoryUsagePreferredVmaFlags(usage) | anv_flags,
+        .memoryTypeBits = memory_type_bits,
+        .pool = VK_NULL_HANDLE,
+        .pUserData = nullptr,
+        .priority = 0.f,
+    };
+
+    const VkDevice logical = *device.GetLogical();
+    const auto &dld = device.GetDispatchLoader();
+
+    VkBuffer handle{};
+    vk::Check(dld.vkCreateBuffer(logical, &ci, nullptr, &handle));
+
+    const VkBufferMemoryRequirementsInfo2 reqs_info{
+        .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_BUFFER_MEMORY_REQUIREMENTS_INFO_2,
+        .pNext = nullptr,
+        .buffer = handle,
+    };
+    VkMemoryRequirements2 reqs2{
+        .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_MEMORY_REQUIREMENTS_2,
+        .pNext = nullptr,
+        .memoryRequirements = {},
+    };
+    dld.vkGetBufferMemoryRequirements2(logical, &reqs_info, &reqs2);
+
+    VkMemoryRequirements reqs = reqs2.memoryRequirements;
+    reqs.alignment = (std::max)(reqs.alignment, min_alignment);
+    reqs.memoryTypeBits &= alloc_ci.memoryTypeBits;
+
+    VmaAllocation allocation{};
+    VmaAllocationInfo alloc_info{};
+    VkResult res = vmaAllocateMemory(allocator, &reqs, &alloc_ci, &allocation, &alloc_info);
+    if (res != VK_SUCCESS) {
+        auto relaxed = alloc_ci;
+        relaxed.flags &= ~VMA_ALLOCATION_CREATE_WITHIN_BUDGET_BIT;
+        res = vmaAllocateMemory(allocator, &reqs, &relaxed, &allocation, &alloc_info);
+    }
+    if (res != VK_SUCCESS) {
+        dld.vkDestroyBuffer(logical, handle, nullptr);
        vk::Check(res);
-        return MemoryCommit(allocator, a, info);
+    }
+    const VkResult bind_res = vmaBindBufferMemory(allocator, allocation, handle);
+    if (bind_res != VK_SUCCESS) {
+        vmaFreeMemory(allocator, allocation);
+        dld.vkDestroyBuffer(logical, handle, nullptr);
+        vk::Check(bind_res);
    }

-    MemoryCommit MemoryAllocator::Commit(const vk::Buffer &buffer, MemoryUsage usage) {
-        // Allocate memory appropriate for this buffer automatically
-        const auto vma_usage = MemoryUsageVma(usage);
+    VkMemoryPropertyFlags property_flags{};
+    vmaGetAllocationMemoryProperties(allocator, allocation, &property_flags);

-        VmaAllocationCreateInfo ci{};
-        ci.flags = VMA_ALLOCATION_CREATE_WITHIN_BUDGET_BIT | MemoryUsageVmaFlags(usage);
-        ci.usage = vma_usage;
-        ci.requiredFlags = 0;
-        ci.preferredFlags = MemoryUsagePreferredVmaFlags(usage);
-        ci.pool = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
-        ci.pUserData = nullptr;
-        ci.priority = 0.0f;
+    u8 *data = reinterpret_cast<u8 *>(alloc_info.pMappedData);
+    std::span<u8> mapped_data{};
+    if (data) {
+        mapped_data = std::span<u8>{data, ci.size};
+    }
+    const bool is_coherent = (property_flags & VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_COHERENT_BIT) != 0;

-        const VkBuffer raw = *buffer;
+    return vk::Buffer(handle, logical, allocator, allocation, mapped_data, is_coherent, dld);
+}

-        VmaAllocation a{};
-        VmaAllocationInfo info{};
+MemoryCommit MemoryAllocator::Commit(const VkMemoryRequirements &reqs, MemoryUsage usage)
+{
+    const auto vma_usage = MemoryUsageVma(usage);
+    VmaAllocationCreateInfo ci{};
+    ci.flags = VMA_ALLOCATION_CREATE_WITHIN_BUDGET_BIT | MemoryUsageVmaFlags(usage);
+    ci.usage = vma_usage;
+    ci.memoryTypeBits = reqs.memoryTypeBits & valid_memory_types;
+    ci.requiredFlags = 0;
+    ci.preferredFlags = MemoryUsagePreferredVmaFlags(usage);

-        // Let VMA infer memory requirements from the buffer
-        VkResult res = vmaAllocateMemoryForBuffer(allocator, raw, &ci, &a, &info);
+    VmaAllocation a{};
+    VmaAllocationInfo info{};

-        if (res != VK_SUCCESS) {
-            auto ci2 = ci;
-            ci2.flags &= ~VMA_ALLOCATION_CREATE_WITHIN_BUDGET_BIT;
-            res = vmaAllocateMemoryForBuffer(allocator, raw, &ci2, &a, &info);
+    VkResult res = vmaAllocateMemory(allocator, &reqs, &ci, &a, &info);

-            if (res != VK_SUCCESS && (ci.preferredFlags & VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_DEVICE_LOCAL_BIT)) {
-                auto ci3 = ci2;
-                ci3.preferredFlags &= ~VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_DEVICE_LOCAL_BIT;
-                res = vmaAllocateMemoryForBuffer(allocator, raw, &ci3, &a, &info);
-            }
+    if (res != VK_SUCCESS) {
+        // Relax 1: drop budget constraint
+        auto ci2 = ci;
+        ci2.flags &= ~VMA_ALLOCATION_CREATE_WITHIN_BUDGET_BIT;
+        res = vmaAllocateMemory(allocator, &reqs, &ci2, &a, &info);
+
+        // Relax 2: if we preferred DEVICE_LOCAL, drop that preference
+        if (res != VK_SUCCESS && (ci.preferredFlags & VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_DEVICE_LOCAL_BIT)) {
+            auto ci3 = ci2;
+            ci3.preferredFlags &= ~VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_DEVICE_LOCAL_BIT;
+            res = vmaAllocateMemory(allocator, &reqs, &ci3, &a, &info);
        }
-
-        vk::Check(res);
-        vk::Check(vmaBindBufferMemory2(allocator, a, 0, raw, nullptr));
-        return MemoryCommit(allocator, a, info);
    }

+    vk::Check(res);
+    return MemoryCommit(allocator, a, info);
+}

+MemoryCommit MemoryAllocator::Commit(const vk::Buffer &buffer, MemoryUsage usage) {
+    // Allocate memory appropriate for this buffer automatically
+    const auto vma_usage = MemoryUsageVma(usage);
+
+    VmaAllocationCreateInfo ci{};
+    ci.flags = VMA_ALLOCATION_CREATE_WITHIN_BUDGET_BIT | MemoryUsageVmaFlags(usage);
+    ci.usage = vma_usage;
+    ci.requiredFlags = 0;
+    ci.preferredFlags = MemoryUsagePreferredVmaFlags(usage);
+    ci.pool = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
+    ci.pUserData = nullptr;
+    ci.priority = 0.0f;
+
+    const VkBuffer raw = *buffer;
+
+    VmaAllocation a{};
+    VmaAllocationInfo info{};
+
+    // Let VMA infer memory requirements from the buffer
+    VkResult res = vmaAllocateMemoryForBuffer(allocator, raw, &ci, &a, &info);
+
+    if (res != VK_SUCCESS) {
+        auto ci2 = ci;
+        ci2.flags &= ~VMA_ALLOCATION_CREATE_WITHIN_BUDGET_BIT;
+        res = vmaAllocateMemoryForBuffer(allocator, raw, &ci2, &a, &info);
+
+        if (res != VK_SUCCESS && (ci.preferredFlags & VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_DEVICE_LOCAL_BIT)) {
+            auto ci3 = ci2;
+            ci3.preferredFlags &= ~VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_DEVICE_LOCAL_BIT;
+            res = vmaAllocateMemoryForBuffer(allocator, raw, &ci3, &a, &info);
+        }
+    }
+
+    vk::Check(res);
+    vk::Check(vmaBindBufferMemory2(allocator, a, 0, raw, nullptr));
+    return MemoryCommit(allocator, a, info);
+}

 } // namespace Vulkan
@@ -107,6 +107,9 @@ namespace Vulkan {

        vk::Buffer CreateBuffer(const VkBufferCreateInfo &ci, MemoryUsage usage) const;

+        vk::Buffer CreateBuffer(const VkBufferCreateInfo &ci, MemoryUsage usage,
+                                VkDeviceSize min_alignment) const;
+
        /**
         * Commits a memory with the specified requirements.
         *
@@ -229,6 +229,7 @@ void Load(VkDevice device, DeviceDispatch& dld) noexcept {
    X(vkGetPipelineExecutableStatisticsKHR);
    X(vkGetSemaphoreCounterValue);
    X(vkMapMemory);
+    X(vkQueueBindSparse);
    X(vkQueueSubmit);
    X(vkQueueSubmit2);
    X(vkResetFences);
@@ -539,6 +540,18 @@ void Buffer::SetObjectNameEXT(const char* name) const {
    SetObjectName(dld, owner, handle, VK_OBJECT_TYPE_BUFFER, name);
 }

+MemoryLocation Buffer::Location() const noexcept {
+    if (!allocation) {
+        return MemoryLocation{};
+    }
+    VmaAllocationInfo info{};
+    vmaGetAllocationInfo(allocator, allocation, &info);
+    return MemoryLocation{
+        .memory = info.deviceMemory,
+        .offset = info.offset,
+    };
+}
+
 void Buffer::Release() const noexcept {
    if (handle) {
        vmaDestroyBuffer(allocator, handle, allocation);
@@ -345,6 +345,7 @@ struct DeviceDispatch : InstanceDispatch {
    PFN_vkGetQueryPoolResults vkGetQueryPoolResults{};
    PFN_vkGetSemaphoreCounterValue vkGetSemaphoreCounterValue{};
    PFN_vkMapMemory vkMapMemory{};
+    PFN_vkQueueBindSparse vkQueueBindSparse{};
    PFN_vkQueueSubmit vkQueueSubmit{};
    PFN_vkQueueSubmit2 vkQueueSubmit2{};
    PFN_vkResetFences vkResetFences{};
@@ -740,6 +741,11 @@ private:
    const DeviceDispatch* dld = nullptr;
 };

+struct MemoryLocation {
+    VkDeviceMemory memory{};
+    VkDeviceSize offset{};
+};
+
 class Buffer {
 public:
    explicit Buffer(VkBuffer handle_, VkDevice owner_, VmaAllocator allocator_,
@@ -811,6 +817,8 @@ public:

    void SetObjectNameEXT(const char* name) const;

+    MemoryLocation Location() const noexcept;
+
 private:
    void Release() const noexcept;

@@ -843,6 +851,11 @@ public:
        return dld->vkQueueSubmit2(queue, submit_infos.size(), submit_infos.data(), fence);
    }

+    VkResult BindSparse(Span<VkBindSparseInfo> bind_infos,
+                        VkFence fence = VK_NULL_HANDLE) const noexcept {
+        return dld->vkQueueBindSparse(queue, bind_infos.size(), bind_infos.data(), fence);
+    }
+
    VkResult Present(const VkPresentInfoKHR& present_info) const noexcept {
        return dld->vkQueuePresentKHR(queue, &present_info);
    }
@@ -4796,6 +4796,6 @@ void VolumeButton::ResetMultiplier() {
 #endif

 #if !defined(QT_STATICPLUGIN) || defined(__APPLE__)
-#define VMA_IMPLEMENTATION
+#define VMA_IMPLEMENTATION 1
 #include "video_core/vulkan_common/vma.h"
 #endif
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ else()
 endif()

 # update cached cpmfile content
-string(JSON cpmfile SET "${cpmfile}" "${key}" "${new_object}")
+string(JSON cpmfile SET "${cpmfile}" "${KEY}" "${new_object}")

 # write cached cpmfile
 get_cpmfile_path(file)
Author	SHA1	Message	Date
CamilleLaVey	49e96351b1	Just a quick test	2026-09-05 21:51:37 -04:00
CamilleLaVey	29b2b04a2d	[shader_recompiler] Trackers on phi operands	2026-09-05 19:44:21 -04:00
CamilleLaVey	76b7a561ba	[vulkan, buffer_cache] Enable sparse binding on buffer cache	2026-09-05 19:35:37 -04:00
lizzie	11de264541	[cmake] Fix some macOS compilation errors (#4350 ) Don't compile GLSL/GLASM backends without OpenGL enabled. These codepaths are unused on non-OpenGL platforms. Fixes other miscellaneous errors that pop up on Clang 23 as well. Signed-off-by: Lizzie lizzie@eden-emu.dev Signed-off-by: crueter crueter@eden-emu.dev - [x] I have read and followed the [Contribution Guidelines](https://git.eden-emu.dev/eden-emu/eden/src/branch/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#code-contributions). - [x] I have read and followed the [AI Policy](https://git.eden-emu.dev/eden-emu/eden/src/branch/master/docs/policies/AI.md) - [x] I have read and followed the [Coding Guidelines](https://git.eden-emu.dev/eden-emu/eden/src/branch/master/docs/policies/Coding.md) to the best of my ability. ------------------- Co-authored-by: crueter <crueter@eden-emu.dev> Reviewed-on: https://git.eden-emu.dev/eden-emu/eden/pulls/4350 Reviewed-by: crueter <crueter@eden-emu.dev> Reviewed-by: CamilleLaVey <camillelavey99@gmail.com>	2026-09-05 23:43:46 +02:00
lizzie	f6e7686038	[ci] Fix macOS "no type named 'free' in namespace 'std' (#4347 ) Signed-off-by: lizzie <lizzie@eden-emu.dev> - [x] I have read and followed the [Contribution Guidelines](https://git.eden-emu.dev/eden-emu/eden/src/branch/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#code-contributions). - [x] I have read and followed the [AI Policy](https://git.eden-emu.dev/eden-emu/eden/src/branch/master/docs/policies/AI.md) - [x] I have read and followed the [Coding Guidelines](https://git.eden-emu.dev/eden-emu/eden/src/branch/master/docs/policies/Coding.md) to the best of my ability. ------------------- Reviewed-on: https://git.eden-emu.dev/eden-emu/eden/pulls/4347 Reviewed-by: CamilleLaVey <camillelavey99@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: MaranBr <maranbr@eden-emu.dev>	2026-09-04 13:32:36 +02:00