[hle] fix SWKBD on monster hunter rise generations

Signed-off-by: lizzie <lizzie@eden-emu.dev>
2026-08-29 01:56:06 +00:00 · 2026-08-23 06:51:36 +02:00
99 changed files with 1116 additions and 2384 deletions
@@ -43,7 +43,6 @@ This guide will walk you through adding a new boolean toggle setting to Eden's c
 Firstly add your desired toggle:

 Example: `src/common/setting.h`
-
 ```cpp
 SwitchableSetting<bool> your_setting_name{linkage, false, "your_setting_name", Category::RendererExtensions};
 ```
@@ -68,7 +67,6 @@ Common Categories:
 Add the toggle to the Qt UI, where you wish for it to appear and place it there.

 Example: `src/qt_common/config/shared_translation.cpp`
-
 ```cpp
 INSERT(Settings,
       your_setting_name,
@@ -93,7 +91,6 @@ INSERT(Settings,
 Add where it should be in the settings.

 Example: `src/android/app/src/main/java/org/yuzu/yuzu_emu/features/settings/model/BooleanSetting.kt`
-
 ```kts
 RENDERER_YOUR_SETTING_NAME("your_setting_name"),
 ```
@@ -109,7 +106,6 @@ RENDERER_YOUR_SETTING_NAME("your_setting_name"),
 Add the toggle to the Kotlin (Android) UI

 Example: `src/android/app/src/main/java/org/yuzu/yuzu_emu/features/settings/model/view/SettingsItem.kt`
-
 ```kts
 put(
    SwitchSetting(
@@ -127,7 +123,6 @@ put(
 Add your setting within the right category.

 Example: `src/android/app/src/main/java/org/yuzu/yuzu_emu/features/settings/ui/SettingsFragmentPresenter.kt`
-
 ```kts
 add(BooleanSetting.RENDERER_YOUR_SETTING_NAME.key)
 ```
@@ -142,7 +137,6 @@ add(BooleanSetting.RENDERER_YOUR_SETTING_NAME.key)
 Add your setting and description in the appropriate place.

 Example: `src/android/app/src/main/res/values/strings.xml`
-
 ```xml
 <string name="your_setting_name">Your Setting Display Name</string>
 <string name="your_setting_name_description">Detailed description of what this setting does. Explain any caveats, requirements, or warnings here.</string>
@@ -156,7 +150,6 @@ Now the UI part is done find a place in the code for the toggle,
 And use it to your heart's desire!

 Example:
-
 ```cpp
 const bool your_value = Settings::values.your_setting_name.GetValue();

@@ -203,31 +196,25 @@ Common advantages recap:

 #### Accessing Debug Knobs (dev side)

-Use the `Settings::GetDebugKnobAt(u8 i)` function to check if a specific bit is set:
+Use the `Settings::getDebugKnobAt(u8 i)` function to check if a specific bit is set:

 ```cpp
 //cpp side
 #include "common/settings.h"

-//To use it as a general purpose uint var:
-unsigned int debug_knobs = Settings::values.debug_knobs.GetValue();
-
 // Check if bit 0 is set
-bool feature_enabled = Settings::GetDebugKnobAt(0);
+bool feature_enabled = Settings::getDebugKnobAt(0);

 // Check if bit 15 is set
-bool another_feature = Settings::GetDebugKnobAt(15);
+bool another_feature = Settings::getDebugKnobAt(15);
 ```

 ```kts
 //kotlin side
 import org.yuzu.yuzu_emu.features.settings.model.Settings

-//To use it as a general purpose uint var
-val debug_knobs: Int = UShortSetting.DEBUG_KNOBS.getInt()
-
 // Check if bit x is set
-bool feature_enabled = Settings.GetDebugKnobAt(x); //x as integer from 0 to 15
+bool feature_enabled = Settings.getDebugKnobAt(x); //x as integer from 0 to 15
 ```

 The function returns `true` if the specified bit (0-15) is set in the `debug_knobs` value, `false` otherwise.
@@ -260,7 +247,6 @@ There are two main confusions when talking about knobs:
 Sometimes when an user reports: knobs 1 and 2 gets better performance, dev may get confuse whether he means the knobs 1 and 2 literally, or the 1st and 2nd knobs (knobs 0 and 1).

 Debug knobs are **zero-based**, which means:
-
 * The first knob is the knob(0) (or knob0 henceforth), and the last one is the 15 (knob15, likewise)
 * You can talk: "knob0 is enabled/disabled", "In this video i was using only knobs 0 and 2", etc.

@@ -273,7 +259,6 @@ Whenever you're instructing tests or reporting results, be precise about whether

 ALWAYS use the word in PLURAL (knobs), without mentioning which one, to refer to the setting, aka multiple knobs at once:
 Examples:
-
 - **knobs=0**: no knobs enabled
 - **knobs=1**: knob0 enabled, others disabled
 - **knobs=2**: knob1 enabled, others disabled
@@ -285,7 +270,6 @@ Examples:

 Use the word in SINGULAR (knob), or in plural but referring which ones, when meaning multiple knobs at once:
 Examples:
-
 - **knob0**: knob 0 enabled, others disabled
 - **knob1**: knob 1 enabled, others disabled
 - **knobs 0 and 1**: knobs 0 and 1 enabled, others disabled
@@ -298,12 +282,12 @@ Examples:

 ```cpp
 void SomeFunction() {
-    if (Settings::GetDebugKnobAt(0)) {
+    if (Settings::getDebugKnobAt(0)) {
        LOG_DEBUG(Common, "Debug feature 0 is enabled");
        // Additional debug code here
    }
-  
-    if (Settings::GetDebugKnobAt(1)) {
+    
+    if (Settings::getDebugKnobAt(1)) {
        LOG_DEBUG(Common, "Debug feature 1 is enabled");
        // Different debug behavior
    }
@@ -315,7 +299,7 @@ void SomeFunction() {
 ```cpp
 bool UseOptimizedPath() {
    // Skip optimization if debug bit 2 is set for testing
-    return !Settings::GetDebugKnobAt(2);
+    return !Settings::getDebugKnobAt(2);
 }
 ```

@@ -324,13 +308,13 @@ bool UseOptimizedPath() {
 ```cpp
 void ExperimentalFeature() {
    static constexpr u8 EXPERIMENTAL_FEATURE_BIT = 3;
-  
-    if (!Settings::GetDebugKnobAt(EXPERIMENTAL_FEATURE_BIT)) {
+    
+    if (!Settings::getDebugKnobAt(EXPERIMENTAL_FEATURE_BIT)) {
        // Fallback to stable implementation
        StableImplementation();
        return;
    }
-  
+    
    // Experimental implementation
    ExperimentalImplementation();
 }
@@ -220,7 +220,7 @@ object NativeLibrary {

    external fun refreshThreadPolicies()

-    external fun GetDebugKnobAt(index: Int): Boolean
+    external fun getDebugKnobAt(index: Int): Boolean

    /**
     * Set the current speed limit to the configured turbo speed.
@@ -35,8 +35,8 @@ object Settings {
    fun getPlayerString(player: Int): String =
        YuzuApplication.appContext.getString(R.string.preferences_player, player)

-    fun GetDebugKnobAt(index: Int): Boolean {
-        return org.yuzu.yuzu_emu.NativeLibrary.GetDebugKnobAt(index)
+    fun getDebugKnobAt(index: Int): Boolean {
+        return org.yuzu.yuzu_emu.NativeLibrary.getDebugKnobAt(index)
    }

    const val PREF_FIRST_APP_LAUNCH = "FirstApplicationLaunch"
@@ -11,7 +11,8 @@ import org.yuzu.yuzu_emu.utils.NativeConfig
 enum class ShortSetting(override val key: String) : AbstractShortSetting {
    RENDERER_SPEED_LIMIT("speed_limit"),
    RENDERER_TURBO_SPEED_LIMIT("turbo_speed_limit"),
-    RENDERER_SLOW_SPEED_LIMIT("slow_speed_limit")
+    RENDERER_SLOW_SPEED_LIMIT("slow_speed_limit"),
+    DEBUG_KNOBS("debug_knobs")
    ;

    override fun getShort(needsGlobal: Boolean): Short = NativeConfig.getShort(key, needsGlobal)
@@ -28,4 +29,4 @@ enum class ShortSetting(override val key: String) : AbstractShortSetting {
    override fun getValueAsString(needsGlobal: Boolean): String = getShort(needsGlobal).toString()

    override fun reset() = NativeConfig.setShort(key, defaultValue)
-}
+}
@@ -1,30 +0,0 @@
-// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2026 Eden Emulator Project
-// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later
-
-// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2023 yuzu Emulator Project
-// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
-
-package org.yuzu.yuzu_emu.features.settings.model
-
-import org.yuzu.yuzu_emu.utils.NativeConfig
-
-enum class UShortSetting(override val key: String) : AbstractIntSetting {
-    DEBUG_KNOBS("debug_knobs")
-    ;
-
-    override fun getInt(needsGlobal: Boolean): Int =
-        NativeConfig.getUnsignedShort(key, needsGlobal)
-
-    override fun setInt(value: Int) {
-        if (NativeConfig.isPerGameConfigLoaded()) {
-            global = false
-        }
-        NativeConfig.setUnsignedShort(key, value)
-    }
-
-    override val defaultValue: Int by lazy { NativeConfig.getDefaultToString(key).toInt() }
-
-    override fun getValueAsString(needsGlobal: Boolean): String = getInt(needsGlobal).toString()
-
-    override fun reset() = NativeConfig.setUnsignedShort(key, defaultValue)
-}
@@ -20,7 +20,6 @@ import org.yuzu.yuzu_emu.features.settings.model.IntSetting
 import org.yuzu.yuzu_emu.features.settings.model.LongSetting
 import org.yuzu.yuzu_emu.features.settings.model.ShortSetting
 import org.yuzu.yuzu_emu.features.settings.model.StringSetting
-import org.yuzu.yuzu_emu.features.settings.model.UShortSetting
 import org.yuzu.yuzu_emu.network.NetDataValidators
 import org.yuzu.yuzu_emu.utils.LosslessScalingHelper
 import org.yuzu.yuzu_emu.utils.NativeConfig
@@ -625,7 +624,6 @@ abstract class SettingsItem(
                    IntSetting.FSR_SHARPENING_SLIDER,
                    titleId = R.string.fsr_sharpness,
                    descriptionId = R.string.fsr_sharpness_description,
-                    max = 200,
                    units = "%"
                )
            )
@@ -1035,7 +1033,7 @@ abstract class SettingsItem(
            )
            put(
                SpinBoxSetting(
-                    UShortSetting.DEBUG_KNOBS,
+                    ShortSetting.DEBUG_KNOBS,
                    titleId = R.string.debug_knobs,
                    descriptionId = R.string.debug_knobs_description,
                    valueHint = R.string.debug_knobs_hint,
@@ -25,7 +25,6 @@ import org.yuzu.yuzu_emu.features.settings.model.Settings
 import org.yuzu.yuzu_emu.features.settings.model.Settings.MenuTag
 import org.yuzu.yuzu_emu.features.settings.model.ShortSetting
 import org.yuzu.yuzu_emu.features.settings.model.StringSetting
-import org.yuzu.yuzu_emu.features.settings.model.UShortSetting
 import org.yuzu.yuzu_emu.features.settings.model.view.*
 import org.yuzu.yuzu_emu.utils.InputHandler
 import org.yuzu.yuzu_emu.utils.LosslessScalingHelper
@@ -1327,7 +1326,7 @@ class SettingsFragmentPresenter(

            add(HeaderSetting(R.string.general))

-            add(UShortSetting.DEBUG_KNOBS.key)
+            add(ShortSetting.DEBUG_KNOBS.key)
            add(StringSetting.PROGRAM_ARGS.key)

            if (!NativeConfig.isPerGameConfigLoaded()) {
@@ -1182,7 +1182,7 @@ class EmulationFragment : Fragment(), SurfaceHolder.Callback {
                    container,
                    IntSetting.FSR_SHARPENING_SLIDER,
                    minValue = 0,
-                    maxValue = 200,
+                    maxValue = 100,
                    units = "%"
                )
            }
@@ -80,12 +80,6 @@ object NativeConfig {
    @Synchronized
    external fun setShort(key: String, value: Short)

-    @Synchronized
-    external fun getUnsignedShort(key: String, needsGlobal: Boolean): Int
-
-    @Synchronized
-    external fun setUnsignedShort(key: String, value: Int)
-
    @Synchronized
    external fun getInt(key: String, needsGlobal: Boolean): Int

@@ -1245,8 +1245,8 @@ void Java_org_yuzu_yuzu_1emu_NativeLibrary_refreshThreadPolicies(JNIEnv* env, jo
    Common::RefreshThreadPolicies();
 }

-jboolean Java_org_yuzu_yuzu_1emu_NativeLibrary_GetDebugKnobAt(JNIEnv* env, jobject jobj, jint index) {
-    return static_cast<jboolean>(Settings::GetDebugKnobAt(static_cast<u8>(index)));
+jboolean Java_org_yuzu_yuzu_1emu_NativeLibrary_getDebugKnobAt(JNIEnv* env, jobject jobj, jint index) {
+    return static_cast<jboolean>(Settings::getDebugKnobAt(static_cast<u8>(index)));
 }

 void Java_org_yuzu_yuzu_1emu_NativeLibrary_setTurboSpeedLimit(JNIEnv *env, jobject jobj, jboolean enabled) {
@@ -130,25 +130,6 @@ void Java_org_yuzu_yuzu_1emu_utils_NativeConfig_setShort(JNIEnv* env, jobject ob
    setting->SetValue(value);
 }

-jint Java_org_yuzu_yuzu_1emu_utils_NativeConfig_getUnsignedShort(JNIEnv* env, jobject obj,
-                                                                 jstring jkey,
-                                                                 jboolean needGlobal) {
-    auto setting = getSetting<u16>(env, jkey);
-    if (setting == nullptr) {
-        return -1;
-    }
-    return static_cast<jint>(setting->GetValue(static_cast<bool>(needGlobal)));
-}
-
-void Java_org_yuzu_yuzu_1emu_utils_NativeConfig_setUnsignedShort(JNIEnv* env, jobject obj,
-                                                                  jstring jkey, jint value) {
-    auto setting = getSetting<u16>(env, jkey);
-    if (setting == nullptr) {
-        return;
-    }
-    setting->SetValue(static_cast<u16>(value));
-}
-
 jint Java_org_yuzu_yuzu_1emu_utils_NativeConfig_getInt(JNIEnv* env, jobject obj, jstring jkey,
                                                       jboolean needGlobal) {
    auto setting = getSetting<int>(env, jkey);
@@ -1107,6 +1107,7 @@
    <string name="theme_mode_light">فاتح</string>
    <string name="theme_mode_dark">داكن</string>

+    <string name="multiplier_none">لا شيء</string>

    <!-- Black backgrounds theme -->
    <string name="use_black_backgrounds">خلفيات سوداء</string>
@@ -991,6 +991,7 @@ Wirklich fortfahren?</string>
    <string name="theme_mode_light">Hell</string>
    <string name="theme_mode_dark">Dunkel</string>

+    <string name="multiplier_none">Keine</string>

    <!-- Black backgrounds theme -->
    <string name="use_black_backgrounds">Schwarze Hintergründe</string>
@@ -1092,6 +1092,7 @@
    <string name="theme_mode_light">Claro</string>
    <string name="theme_mode_dark">Oscuro</string>

+    <string name="multiplier_none">Nada</string>

    <!-- Black backgrounds theme -->
    <string name="use_black_backgrounds">Fondos oscuros</string>
@@ -808,6 +808,9 @@
    <string name="multiplier_x4">x4</string>
    <string name="multiplier_x8">x8</string>
    <string name="multiplier_x16">x16</string>
+    <string name="multiplier_x32">x32</string>
+    <string name="multiplier_x64">x64</string>
+    <string name="multiplier_none">None</string>

    <!-- Black backgrounds theme -->
    <string name="use_black_backgrounds">پس‌زمینه مشکی</string>
@@ -1004,6 +1004,7 @@
    <string name="theme_mode_light">Lumineux</string>
    <string name="theme_mode_dark">Sombre</string>

+    <string name="multiplier_none">Aucun</string>

    <!-- Black backgrounds theme -->
    <string name="use_black_backgrounds">Arrière-plan noir</string>
@@ -935,6 +935,7 @@
    <string name="theme_mode_light">Jasny</string>
    <string name="theme_mode_dark">Ciemny</string>

+    <string name="multiplier_none">Brak</string>

    <!-- Black backgrounds theme -->
    <string name="use_black_backgrounds">Czarne tła</string>
@@ -891,6 +891,7 @@
    <string name="theme_mode_light">Claro</string>
    <string name="theme_mode_dark">Escuro</string>

+    <string name="multiplier_none">Nenhum</string>

    <!-- Black backgrounds theme -->
    <string name="use_black_backgrounds">Planos de fundo pretos</string>
@@ -1071,6 +1071,7 @@
    <string name="theme_mode_light">Светлая</string>
    <string name="theme_mode_dark">Темная</string>

+    <string name="multiplier_none">Отключено</string>

    <!-- Black backgrounds theme -->
    <string name="use_black_backgrounds">Чёрный фон</string>
@@ -1053,6 +1053,7 @@
    <string name="theme_mode_light">Світла</string>
    <string name="theme_mode_dark">Темна</string>

+    <string name="multiplier_none">Жодного</string>

    <!-- Black backgrounds theme -->
    <string name="use_black_backgrounds">Чорний фон</string>
@@ -1081,6 +1081,7 @@
    <string name="theme_mode_light">浅色</string>
    <string name="theme_mode_dark">深色</string>

+    <string name="multiplier_none">无</string>

    <!-- Black backgrounds theme -->
    <string name="use_black_backgrounds">使用黑色背景</string>
@@ -1006,6 +1006,7 @@
    <string name="theme_mode_light">淺色</string>
    <string name="theme_mode_dark">深色</string>

+    <string name="multiplier_none">無</string>

    <!-- Black backgrounds theme -->
    <string name="use_black_backgrounds">黑色背景</string>
@@ -111,38 +111,43 @@
        <item>1</item>
    </integer-array>

+    <!-- VRAM USAGE MODE CHOICES -->
    <string-array name="vramUsageMethodNames">
        <item>@string/vram_usage_conservative</item>
        <item>@string/vram_usage_aggressive</item>
    </string-array>

+    <!-- VRAM USAGE MODE VALUES -->
    <integer-array name="vramUsageMethodValues">
-        <item>0</item>
-        <item>1</item>
+        <item>0</item> <!-- Conservative -->
+        <item>1</item> <!-- Aggressive -->
    </integer-array>

+    <!-- ASTC Decoding Method Choices -->
    <string-array name="astcDecodingMethodNames">
        <item>@string/accelerate_astc_cpu</item>
        <item>@string/accelerate_astc_gpu</item>
        <item>@string/accelerate_astc_async</item>
    </string-array>

+    <!-- ASTC Decoding Method Values -->
    <integer-array name="astcDecodingMethodValues">
-        <item>0</item>
-        <item>1</item>
-        <item>2</item>
+        <item>0</item> <!-- CPU -->
+        <item>1</item> <!-- GPU -->
+        <item>2</item> <!-- CPU Asynchronously -->
    </integer-array>
-
+    <!-- NVDEC Emulation Choices -->
    <string-array name="rendererNvdecNames">
-        <item>@string/nvdec_emulation_none</item>
-        <item>@string/nvdec_emulation_cpu</item>
-        <item>@string/nvdec_emulation_gpu</item>
+        <item>@string/nvdec_emulation_none</item> <!-- Off -->
+        <item>@string/nvdec_emulation_cpu</item>  <!-- Cpu -->
+        <item>@string/nvdec_emulation_gpu</item>  <!-- Gpu -->
    </string-array>

+    <!-- NVDEC Emulation Values -->
    <integer-array name="rendererNvdecValues">
-        <item>0</item>
-        <item>1</item>
-        <item>2</item>
+        <item>3</item> <!-- Off value -->
+        <item>1</item> <!-- CPU value -->
+        <item>2</item> <!-- GPU value -->
    </integer-array>

    <string-array name="rendererResolutionNames">
@@ -508,6 +513,9 @@
        <item>@string/multiplier_x4</item>
        <item>@string/multiplier_x8</item>
        <item>@string/multiplier_x16</item>
+        <item>@string/multiplier_x32</item>
+        <item>@string/multiplier_x64</item>
+        <item>@string/multiplier_none</item>
    </string-array>
    <integer-array name="anisoValues">
        <item>0</item>
@@ -516,6 +524,9 @@
        <item>3</item>
        <item>4</item>
        <item>5</item>
+        <item>6</item>
+        <item>7</item>
+        <item>8</item>
    </integer-array>

    <string-array name="verticalAlignmentEntries">
@@ -1246,6 +1246,9 @@
    <string name="multiplier_x4" translatable="false">x4</string>
    <string name="multiplier_x8" translatable="false">x8</string>
    <string name="multiplier_x16" translatable="false">x16</string>
+    <string name="multiplier_x32" translatable="false">x32</string>
+    <string name="multiplier_x64" translatable="false">x64</string>
+    <string name="multiplier_none">None</string>

    <!-- Black backgrounds theme -->
    <string name="use_black_backgrounds">Black backgrounds</string>
@@ -19,23 +19,6 @@
 namespace AudioCore::Sink {

 namespace {
-
-[[nodiscard]] bool InitializeAudio() {
-    if (!SDL_WasInit(SDL_INIT_AUDIO)) {
-        // See https://github.com/PCSX2/pcsx2/pull/12312
-        // "SDL and cubeb backends previously resulted in different names for the output which
-        // caused them be identified as different applications by the OS."
-        //
-        // Keep in sync with cubeb_sink.cpp name.
-        SDL_SetHint("SDL_AUDIO_DEVICE_APP_NAME", "yuzu Latency Getter");
-        if (!SDL_InitSubSystem(SDL_INIT_AUDIO)) {
-            LOG_CRITICAL(Audio_Sink, "SDL_InitSubSystem audio failed: {}", SDL_GetError());
-            return false;
-        }
-    }
-    return true;
-}
-
 SDL_AudioDeviceID FindAudioDeviceByName(const std::string& device_name, bool capture) {
    int device_count = 0;
    SDL_AudioDeviceID* devices = capture ? SDL_GetAudioRecordingDevices(&device_count)
@@ -221,14 +204,20 @@ private:
 };

 SDLSink::SDLSink(std::string_view target_device_name) {
-    if (InitializeAudio()) {
-        if (target_device_name != auto_device_name && !target_device_name.empty()) {
-            output_device = target_device_name;
-        } else {
-            output_device.clear();
+    if (!SDL_WasInit(SDL_INIT_AUDIO)) {
+        if (!SDL_InitSubSystem(SDL_INIT_AUDIO)) {
+            LOG_CRITICAL(Audio_Sink, "SDL_InitSubSystem audio failed: {}", SDL_GetError());
+            return;
        }
-        device_channels = 2;
    }
+
+    if (target_device_name != auto_device_name && !target_device_name.empty()) {
+        output_device = target_device_name;
+    } else {
+        output_device.clear();
+    }
+
+    device_channels = 2;
 }

 SDLSink::~SDLSink() = default;
@@ -276,10 +265,15 @@ void SDLSink::SetSystemVolume(f32 volume) {
 }

 std::vector<std::string> ListSDLSinkDevices(bool capture) {
-    if (!InitializeAudio())
-        return {}; //no devices
-
    std::vector<std::string> device_list;
+
+    if (!SDL_WasInit(SDL_INIT_AUDIO)) {
+        if (!SDL_InitSubSystem(SDL_INIT_AUDIO)) {
+            LOG_CRITICAL(Audio_Sink, "SDL_InitSubSystem audio failed: {}", SDL_GetError());
+            return {};
+        }
+    }
+
    int device_count = 0;
    SDL_AudioDeviceID* devices =
        capture ? SDL_GetAudioRecordingDevices(&device_count)
@@ -310,8 +304,13 @@ bool IsSDLSuitable() {
    return false;
 #else
    // Check SDL can init
-    if (!InitializeAudio()!
-        return false;
+    if (!SDL_WasInit(SDL_INIT_AUDIO)) {
+        if (SDL_InitSubSystem(SDL_INIT_AUDIO) < 0) {
+            LOG_ERROR(Audio_Sink, "SDL failed to init, it is not suitable. Error: {}",
+                      SDL_GetError());
+            return false;
+        }
+    }

    // We can set any latency frequency we want with SDL, so no need to check that.

@@ -39,19 +39,6 @@

 namespace Common::Log {

-/// @brief A log entry. Log entries are store in a structured format to permit more varied output
-/// formatting on different frontends, as well as facilitating filtering and aggregation.
-struct Entry {
-    char const* message = nullptr;
-    size_t message_len = 0;
-    std::chrono::microseconds timestamp;
-    Class log_class{};
-    Level log_level{};
-    const char* filename = nullptr;
-    const char* function = nullptr;
-    uint32_t line_num = 0;
-};
-
 namespace {

 /// @brief Returns the name of the passed log class as a C-string. Subclasses are separated by periods
@@ -83,6 +70,8 @@ const char* GetLevelName(Level log_level) {
    }
 }

+}
+
 // Some IDEs prefer <file>:<line> instead, so let's just do that :)
 std::string FormatLogMessage(const Entry& entry) noexcept {
    if (!entry.filename) return "";
@@ -90,9 +79,10 @@ std::string FormatLogMessage(const Entry& entry) noexcept {
    auto const time_fractional = uint32_t(entry.timestamp.count() % 1000000);
    auto const class_name = GetLogClassName(entry.log_class);
    auto const level_name = GetLevelName(entry.log_level);
-    return fmt::format("[{:4d}.{:06d}] {} <{}> {}:{}:{}: {}\n", time_seconds, time_fractional, class_name, level_name, entry.filename, entry.line_num, entry.function, entry.message);
+    return fmt::format("[{:4d}.{:06d}] {} <{}> {}:{}:{}: {}", time_seconds, time_fractional, class_name, level_name, entry.filename, entry.line_num, entry.function, entry.message);
 }

+namespace {
 template <typename It>
 Level GetLevelByName(const It begin, const It end) {
    for (u32 i = 0; i < u32(Level::Count); ++i) {
@@ -137,6 +127,25 @@ bool ParseFilterRule(Filter& instance, Iterator begin, Iterator end) {
    instance.SetClassLevel(log_class, level);
    return true;
 }
+} // Anonymous namespace
+
+void Filter::ParseFilterString(std::string_view filter_view) {
+    auto clause_begin = filter_view.cbegin();
+    while (clause_begin != filter_view.cend()) {
+        auto clause_end = std::find(clause_begin, filter_view.cend(), ' ');
+        // If clause isn't empty
+        if (clause_end != clause_begin) {
+            ParseFilterRule(*this, clause_begin, clause_end);
+        }
+        if (clause_end != filter_view.cend()) {
+            // Skip over the whitespace
+            ++clause_end;
+        }
+        clause_begin = clause_end;
+    }
+}
+
+namespace {

 /// @brief Trims up to and including the last of ../, ..\, src/, src\ in a string
 /// do not be fooled this isn't generating new strings on .rodata :)
@@ -199,7 +208,7 @@ struct ColorConsoleBackend final : public Backend {
            }());
            SetConsoleTextAttribute(console_handle, color);
            auto const df = GetDirectFormatArgs(entry);
-            std::fprintf(stdout, CCB_PRINTF_FMT "\n", df.time_seconds, df.time_fractional, df.class_name, df.level_name, entry.filename, entry.line_num, entry.function, entry.message);
+            std::fprintf(stdout, CCB_PRINTF_FMT "\n", df.time_seconds, df.time_fractional, df.class_name, df.level_name, entry.filename, entry.line_num, entry.function, entry.message.c_str());
        }
    }
    void Flush() noexcept override {}
@@ -211,24 +220,22 @@ struct ColorConsoleBackend final : public Backend {
    ~ColorConsoleBackend() noexcept override {}
    void Write(const Entry& entry) noexcept override {
        if (enabled) {
+#define ESC "\x1b"
            auto const color_str = [&entry]() -> const char* {
                switch (entry.log_level) {
-                case Level::Debug: return "[0;36m"; // Cyan
-                case Level::Info: return "[0;37m"; // Bright gray
-                case Level::Warning: return "[1;33m"; // Bright yellow
-                case Level::Error: return "[1;31m"; // Bright red
-                case Level::Critical: return "[1;35m"; // Bright magenta
-                default: return "[1;30m"; // Grey
+#define CCB_MAKE_COLOR_FMT(X) ESC X CCB_PRINTF_FMT ESC "[0m\n"
+                case Level::Debug: return CCB_MAKE_COLOR_FMT("[0;36m"); // Cyan
+                case Level::Info: return CCB_MAKE_COLOR_FMT("[0;37m"); // Bright gray
+                case Level::Warning: return CCB_MAKE_COLOR_FMT("[1;33m"); // Bright yellow
+                case Level::Error: return CCB_MAKE_COLOR_FMT("[1;31m"); // Bright red
+                case Level::Critical: return CCB_MAKE_COLOR_FMT("[1;35m"); // Bright magenta
+                default: return CCB_MAKE_COLOR_FMT("[1;30m"); // Grey
+#undef CCB_MAKE_COLOR_FMT
                }
            }();
            auto const df = GetDirectFormatArgs(entry);
-            // more restrictive, because take for example this simple prelude:
-            // [  50.872256] Config <Info> common/settings.cpp:142:LogSettings:
-            char buffer[256];
-            auto result = fmt::format_to_n(buffer, sizeof(buffer) - 1, "\x1b{}[{:4d}.{:06d}] {} <{}> {}:{}:{}: ", color_str, df.time_seconds, df.time_fractional, df.class_name, df.level_name, entry.filename, entry.line_num, entry.function, entry.message);
-            std::fwrite(buffer, 1, (std::min)(sizeof(buffer) - 1, result.size), stdout);
-            std::fwrite(entry.message, 1, entry.message_len, stdout);
-            std::fwrite("\x1b[0m\n", 1, sizeof("\x1b[0m\n"), stdout);
+            std::fprintf(stdout, color_str, df.time_seconds, df.time_fractional, df.class_name, df.level_name, entry.filename, entry.line_num, entry.function, entry.message.c_str());
+#undef ESC
        }
    }
    void Flush() noexcept override {}
@@ -239,7 +246,7 @@ struct ColorConsoleBackend final : public Backend {
 #ifndef __OPENORBIS__
 /// @brief Backend that writes to a file passed into the constructor
 struct FileBackend final : public Backend {
-    explicit FileBackend(const std::filesystem::path filename) noexcept {
+    explicit FileBackend(const std::filesystem::path& filename) noexcept {
        auto old_filename = filename;
        old_filename += ".old.txt";
        // Existence checks are done within the functions themselves.
@@ -254,7 +261,7 @@ struct FileBackend final : public Backend {
        if (!enabled)
            return;

-        auto message = FormatLogMessage(entry);
+        auto message = FormatLogMessage(entry).append(1, '\n');
 #ifndef __ANDROID__
        if (Settings::values.censor_username.GetValue()) {
            // This must be a static otherwise it would get checked on EVERY
@@ -262,7 +269,8 @@ struct FileBackend final : public Backend {
            static std::string username = []() -> std::string {
                // in order of precedence
                // LOGNAME usually works on UNIX, USERNAME on Windows
-                // Some UNIX systems suck and don't use LOGNAME so we also need USER :(
+                // Some UNIX systems suck and don't use LOGNAME so we also
+                // need USER :(
                for (auto const var : { "LOGNAME", "USERNAME", "USER", })
                    if (auto const s = ::getenv(var); s != nullptr)
                        return std::string{s};
@@ -272,7 +280,7 @@ struct FileBackend final : public Backend {
                boost::replace_all(message, username, "user");
        }
 #endif
-        bytes_written += file->WriteSpan(std::span<const char>{message.begin(), message.end()});
+        bytes_written += file->WriteString(message);

        // Option to log each line rather than 4k buffers
        if (Settings::values.log_flush_line.GetValue())
@@ -300,13 +308,14 @@ private:
    bool enabled = true;
 };
 #endif
+
 #ifdef _WIN32
 /// @brief Backend that writes to Visual Studio's output window
 struct DebuggerBackend final : public Backend {
    explicit DebuggerBackend() noexcept = default;
    ~DebuggerBackend() noexcept override = default;
    void Write(const Entry& entry) noexcept override {
-        ::OutputDebugStringW(UTF8ToUTF16W(FormatLogMessage(entry)).c_str());
+        ::OutputDebugStringW(UTF8ToUTF16W(FormatLogMessage(entry).append(1, '\n')).c_str());
    }
    void Flush() noexcept override {}
 };
@@ -329,7 +338,7 @@ struct LogcatBackend : public Backend {
            }
        }();
        auto const df = GetDirectFormatArgs(entry);
-        __android_log_print(android_log_priority, "YuzuNative", CCB_PRINTF_FMT, df.time_seconds, df.time_fractional, df.class_name, df.level_name, entry.filename, entry.line_num, entry.function, entry.message);
+        __android_log_print(android_log_priority, "YuzuNative", CCB_PRINTF_FMT, df.time_seconds, df.time_fractional, df.class_name, df.level_name, entry.filename, entry.line_num, entry.function, entry.message.c_str());
    }
    void Flush() noexcept override {}
 };
@@ -368,23 +377,7 @@ struct Impl {
 #endif
    std::chrono::steady_clock::time_point time_origin{std::chrono::steady_clock::now()};
 };
-} // Anonymous namespace
-
-void Filter::ParseFilterString(std::string_view filter_view) {
-    auto clause_begin = filter_view.cbegin();
-    while (clause_begin < filter_view.cend()) {
-        auto clause_end = std::find(clause_begin, filter_view.cend(), ' ');
-        // If clause isn't empty
-        if (clause_end != clause_begin) {
-            ParseFilterRule(*this, clause_begin, clause_end);
-        }
-        if (clause_end != filter_view.cend()) {
-            // Skip over the whitespace
-            ++clause_end;
-        }
-        clause_begin = clause_end;
-    }
-}
+} // namespace

 // Constructor shall NOT depend upon Settings() or whatever
 // it's ran at global static ctor() time... so BE CAREFUL MFER!
@@ -426,13 +419,9 @@ void SetColorConsoleBackendEnabled(bool enabled) {
 void FmtLogMessageImpl(Class log_class, Level log_level, const char* filename, unsigned int line_num, const char* function, fmt::string_view format, const fmt::format_args& args) {
    if (logging_instance && logging_instance->filter.CheckMessage(log_class, log_level)) {
        auto const flush = ::Settings::values.log_flush_line.GetValue();
-        char buffer[BUFSIZ];
-        auto result = fmt::vformat_to_n(buffer, sizeof(buffer) - 1, format, args);
-        buffer[(std::min)(result.size, sizeof(buffer) - 1)] = '\0';
        logging_instance->ForEachBackend([=](Backend& backend) {
            backend.Write(Entry{
-                .message = buffer,
-                .message_len = (std::min)(result.size, sizeof(buffer) - 1),
+                .message = fmt::vformat(format, args),
                .timestamp = std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::microseconds>(std::chrono::steady_clock::now() - logging_instance->time_origin),
                .log_class = log_class,
                .log_level = log_level,
@@ -140,4 +140,25 @@ void Stop();
 void SetGlobalFilter(const Filter& filter);
 void SetColorConsoleBackendEnabled(bool enabled);

+/// @brief A log entry. Log entries are store in a structured format to permit more varied output
+/// formatting on different frontends, as well as facilitating filtering and aggregation.
+struct Entry {
+    std::string message;
+    std::chrono::microseconds timestamp;
+    Class log_class{};
+    Level log_level{};
+    const char* filename = nullptr;
+    const char* function = nullptr;
+    unsigned int line_num = 0;
+};
+
+/// Formats a log entry into the provided text buffer.
+std::string FormatLogMessage(const Entry& entry) noexcept;
+
+/// Prints the same message as `PrintMessage`, but colored according to the severity level.
+void PrintColoredMessage(const Entry& entry) noexcept;
+
+/// Formats and prints a log entry to the android logcat.
+void PrintMessageToLogcat(const Entry& entry) noexcept;
+
 } // namespace Common::Log
@@ -132,9 +132,11 @@ void LogSettings() {
            }
        }
    }
-    LOG_INFO(Config, "Eden Configuration:");
+
+    std::string settings_str{};
    for (auto const& e : settings_list)
-        LOG_INFO(Config, "{}", e);
+        settings_str += e;
+    LOG_INFO(Config, "Eden Configuration:\n{}", settings_str);
 #define LOG_PATH(NAME) \
    LOG_INFO(Config, #NAME ": {}", Common::FS::PathToUTF8String(Common::FS::GetEdenPath(Common::FS::EdenPath::NAME)))
    LOG_PATH(CacheDir);
@@ -146,7 +148,7 @@ void LogSettings() {
 #undef LOG_PATH
 }

-bool GetDebugKnobAt(u8 i) {
+bool getDebugKnobAt(u8 i) {
    return (values.debug_knobs.GetValue() & (1 << (i & 0xF))) != 0;
 }

@@ -904,7 +904,7 @@ struct Values {
                                           0,
                                           65535,
                                           "debug_knobs",
-                                           Category::System,
+                                           Category::Debugging,
                                           Specialization::Countable,
                                           true,
                                           true};
@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ ENUM(TimeZone, Auto, Default, Cet, Cst6Cdt, Cuba, Eet, Egypt, Eire, Est, Est5Edt
    GmtPlusZero, GmtMinusZero, GmtZero, Greenwich, Hongkong, Hst, Iceland, Iran, Israel, Jamaica,
    Japan, Kwajalein, Libya, Met, Mst, Mst7Mdt, Navajo, Nz, NzChat, Poland, Portugal, Prc, Pst8Pdt,
    Roc, Rok, Singapore, Turkey, Uct, Universal, Utc, WSu, Wet, Zulu);
-ENUM(AnisotropyMode, Automatic, Default, X2, X4, X8, X16);
+ENUM(AnisotropyMode, Automatic, Default, X2, X4, X8, X16, X32, X64, None);
 ENUM(AstcDecodeMode, Cpu, Gpu, CpuAsynchronous);
 ENUM(AstcRecompression, Uncompressed, Bc1, Bc3);
 ENUM(FramePacingMode, Target_Auto, Target_30, Target_60, Target_90, Target_120);
@@ -7,4 +7,6 @@
 #define STB_IMAGE_IMPLEMENTATION 1
 #define STB_IMAGE_RESIZE_IMPLEMENTATION 1
 #define STB_IMAGE_WRITE_IMPLEMENTATION 1
+#define STBI_ONLY_JPEG 1
+
 #include "common/stb.h"
@@ -7,7 +7,6 @@
 #pragma once

 #define STBI_ONLY_JPEG 1
-#define STBI_WRITE_NO_STDIO 1
 #include <stb_image.h>
 #include <stb_image_resize.h>
 #include <stb_image_write.h>
@@ -286,7 +286,6 @@ void ArmDynarmic32::MakeJit(Common::PageTable* page_table) {
        config.optimizations |= Dynarmic::OptimizationFlag::Unsafe_UnfuseFMA;
        config.optimizations |= Dynarmic::OptimizationFlag::Unsafe_IgnoreStandardFPCRValue;
        config.optimizations |= Dynarmic::OptimizationFlag::Unsafe_InaccurateNaN;
-        config.optimizations |= Dynarmic::OptimizationFlag::Unsafe_IgnoreGlobalMonitor;
        break;
    // Paranoia mode for debugging optimizations
    case Settings::CpuAccuracy::Paranoid:
@@ -338,7 +338,6 @@ void ArmDynarmic64::MakeJit(Common::PageTable* page_table, std::size_t address_s
        config.unsafe_optimizations = true;
        config.optimizations |= Dynarmic::OptimizationFlag::Unsafe_UnfuseFMA;
        config.fastmem_address_space_bits = 64;
-        config.optimizations |= Dynarmic::OptimizationFlag::Unsafe_IgnoreGlobalMonitor;
        break;
    // Paranoia mode for debugging optimizations
    case Settings::CpuAccuracy::Paranoid:
@@ -325,7 +325,7 @@ void SoftwareKeyboard::ProcessInlineKeyboardRequest() {

    std::memcpy(&request_command, request_data.data(), sizeof(SwkbdRequestCommand));

-    switch (request_command) {
+    switch (SwkbdRequestCommand(u8(request_command) & 0x0f)) {
    case SwkbdRequestCommand::Finalize:
        RequestFinalize(request_data);
        break;
@@ -324,7 +324,6 @@ Result IApplicationFunctions::NotifyRunning(Out<bool> out_became_running) {

 Result IApplicationFunctions::GetPseudoDeviceId(Out<Common::UUID> out_pseudo_device_id) {
    LOG_WARNING(Service_AM, "(stubbed)");
-    R_UNLESS(out_pseudo_device_id, ResultUnknown);

    // This should be hashed with the device specific hash
    // for now this will do
@@ -9,7 +9,11 @@
 #include <optional>
 #include <string>

-#include "common/stb.h"
+#define STBI_ONLY_JPEG 1
+#include <stb_image.h>
+#include <stb_image_resize.h>
+#include <stb_image_write.h>
+
 #include "common/settings.h"
 #include "core/file_sys/control_metadata.h"
 #include "core/file_sys/patch_manager.h"
@@ -105,12 +105,7 @@ void LoopProcess(Core::System& system) {
    auto server_manager = std::make_unique<ServerManager>(system);
    auto module = std::make_shared<Module>(system);
    server_manager->RegisterNamedService("nvdrv", std::make_shared<NVDRV>(system, module, "nvdrv"));
-
-    const auto NvdrvInterfaceFactoryForApplets = [&, module] {
-        return std::make_shared<NVDRV>(system, module, "nvdrv:a");
-    };
-
-    server_manager->RegisterNamedService("nvdrv:a", NvdrvInterfaceFactoryForApplets);
+    server_manager->RegisterNamedService("nvdrv:a", std::make_shared<NVDRV>(system, module, "nvdrv:a"));
    server_manager->RegisterNamedService("nvdrv:s", std::make_shared<NVDRV>(system, module, "nvdrv:s"));
    server_manager->RegisterNamedService("nvdrv:t", std::make_shared<NVDRV>(system, module, "nvdrv:t"));
    server_manager->RegisterNamedService("nvmemp", std::make_shared<NVMEMP>(system));
@@ -588,12 +588,7 @@ void LoopProcess(Core::System& system) {
    auto server_manager = std::make_unique<ServerManager>(system);

    auto ro = std::make_shared<RoContext>();
-
-    const auto RoInterfaceFactoryForUser = [&, ro] {
-        return std::make_shared<RoInterface>(system, "ldr:ro", ro, NrrKind::User);
-    };
-
-    server_manager->RegisterNamedService("ldr:ro", std::move(RoInterfaceFactoryForUser));
+    server_manager->RegisterNamedService("ldr:ro", std::make_shared<RoInterface>(system, "ldr:ro", ro, NrrKind::User));
    server_manager->RegisterNamedService("ro:1", std::make_shared<RoInterface>(system, "ro:1", ro, NrrKind::JitPlugin));
    server_manager->RegisterNamedService("ro:dmnt", std::make_shared<IDebugMonitorInterface>(system));
    ServerManager::RunServer(std::move(server_manager));
@@ -22,7 +22,6 @@
 #include <sys/mman.h>

 #include "common/assert.h"
-#include "common/logging.h"
 #include "common/common_types.h"
 #include "dynarmic/backend/exception_handler.h"
 #include "dynarmic/common/context.h"
@@ -54,21 +53,23 @@ class SigHandler {
            return e.first <= offset && e.first + e.second.size > offset;
        });
    }
+    static void SigAction(int sig, siginfo_t* info, void* raw_context);

+    bool supports_fast_mem = true;
+    void* signal_stack_memory = nullptr;
    ankerl::unordered_dense::map<u64, CodeBlockInfo> code_block_infos;
    std::shared_mutex code_block_infos_mutex;
    struct sigaction old_sa_segv;
    struct sigaction old_sa_bus;
-    std::unique_ptr<uint8_t[]> signal_stack_memory;
-    bool supports_fast_mem = true;
+    std::size_t signal_stack_size;
 public:
    SigHandler() noexcept {
-        auto const stack_size = std::max<size_t>(SIGSTKSZ, 2 * 1024 * 1024);
-        signal_stack_memory = std::make_unique<uint8_t[]>(stack_size);
+        signal_stack_size = std::max<size_t>(SIGSTKSZ, 2 * 1024 * 1024);
+        signal_stack_memory = mmap(nullptr, signal_stack_size, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE | MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0);

        stack_t signal_stack{};
-        signal_stack.ss_sp = signal_stack_memory.get();
-        signal_stack.ss_size = stack_size;
+        signal_stack.ss_sp = signal_stack_memory;
+        signal_stack.ss_size = signal_stack_size;
        signal_stack.ss_flags = 0;
        if (sigaltstack(&signal_stack, nullptr) != 0) {
            fmt::print(stderr, "dynarmic: POSIX SigHandler: init failure at sigaltstack\n");
@@ -86,7 +87,7 @@ public:
            supports_fast_mem = false;
            return;
        }
-#if defined(__APPLE__)
+#ifdef __APPLE__
        if (sigaction(SIGBUS, &sa, &old_sa_bus) != 0) {
            fmt::print(stderr, "dynarmic: POSIX SigHandler: could not set SIGBUS handler\n");
            supports_fast_mem = false;
@@ -95,6 +96,10 @@ public:
 #endif
    }

+    ~SigHandler() noexcept {
+        munmap(signal_stack_memory, signal_stack_size);
+    }
+
    void AddCodeBlock(u64 offset, CodeBlockInfo cbi) noexcept {
        std::unique_lock guard(code_block_infos_mutex);
        code_block_infos.insert_or_assign(offset, cbi);
@@ -104,17 +109,14 @@ public:
        code_block_infos.erase(offset);
    }

-    [[nodiscard]] inline bool SupportsFastmem() const noexcept {
-        return supports_fast_mem;
-    }
-
-    static void RegisterHandler();
-    static void SigAction(int sig, siginfo_t* info, void* raw_context);
+    bool SupportsFastmem() const noexcept { return supports_fast_mem; }
 };

+std::mutex handler_lock;
 std::optional<SigHandler> sig_handler;

-void SigHandler::RegisterHandler() {
+void RegisterHandler() {
+    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> guard(handler_lock);
    if (!sig_handler) {
        sig_handler.emplace();
    }
@@ -123,27 +125,51 @@ void SigHandler::RegisterHandler() {
 void SigHandler::SigAction(int sig, siginfo_t* info, void* raw_context) {
    DEBUG_ASSERT(sig == SIGSEGV || sig == SIGBUS);
    CTX_DECLARE(raw_context);
+#if defined(ARCHITECTURE_x86_64)
    {
        std::shared_lock guard(sig_handler->code_block_infos_mutex);
        if (auto const iter = sig_handler->FindCodeBlockInfo(CTX_PC); iter != sig_handler->code_block_infos.end()) {
            FakeCall fc = iter->second.cb(CTX_PC);
-#if defined(ARCHITECTURE_x86_64)
            CTX_SP -= sizeof(u64);
            *std::bit_cast<u64*>(CTX_SP) = fc.ret_rip;
            CTX_PC = fc.call_rip;
-#elif defined(ARCHITECTURE_arm64)
-            CTX_PC = fc.call_pc;
-#elif defined(ARCHITECTURE_riscv64)
-            CTX_PC = fc.call_sepc;
-#elif defined(ARCHITECTURE_loongarch64)
-            CTX_PC = fc.call_pc;
-#else
-            ASSERT(false);
-#endif
            return;
        }
    }
-    LOG_ERROR(Core, "Unhandled {} at {:#018x}\n", sig == SIGSEGV ? "SIGSEGV" : "SIGBUS", CTX_PC);
+    fmt::print(stderr, "Unhandled {} at rip {:#018x}\n", sig == SIGSEGV ? "SIGSEGV" : "SIGBUS", CTX_PC);
+#elif defined(ARCHITECTURE_arm64)
+    {
+        std::shared_lock guard(sig_handler->code_block_infos_mutex);
+        if (const auto iter = sig_handler->FindCodeBlockInfo(CTX_PC); iter != sig_handler->code_block_infos.end()) {
+            FakeCall fc = iter->second.cb(CTX_PC);
+            CTX_PC = fc.call_pc;
+            return;
+        }
+    }
+    fmt::print(stderr, "Unhandled {} at pc {:#018x}\n", sig == SIGSEGV ? "SIGSEGV" : "SIGBUS", CTX_PC);
+#elif defined(ARCHITECTURE_riscv64)
+    {
+        std::shared_lock guard(sig_handler->code_block_infos_mutex);
+        if (const auto iter = sig_handler->FindCodeBlockInfo(CTX_SEPC); iter != sig_handler->code_block_infos.end()) {
+            FakeCall fc = iter->second.cb(CTX_SEPC);
+            CTX_SEPC = fc.call_sepc;
+            return;
+        }
+    }
+    fmt::print(stderr, "Unhandled {} at pc {:#018x}\n", sig == SIGSEGV ? "SIGSEGV" : "SIGBUS", CTX_SEPC);
+#elif defined(ARCHITECTURE_loongarch64)
+    {
+        std::shared_lock guard(sig_handler->code_block_infos_mutex);
+        if (const auto iter = sig_handler->FindCodeBlockInfo(CTX_PC); iter != sig_handler->code_block_infos.end()) {
+            FakeCall fc = iter->second.cb(CTX_PC);
+            CTX_PC = fc.call_pc;
+            return;
+        }
+    }
+    fmt::print(stderr, "Unhandled {} at pc {:#018x}\n", sig == SIGSEGV ? "SIGSEGV" : "SIGBUS", CTX_PC);
+#else
+#    error "Invalid architecture"
+#endif

    struct sigaction* retry_sa = sig == SIGSEGV ? &sig_handler->old_sa_segv : &sig_handler->old_sa_bus;
    if (retry_sa->sa_flags & SA_SIGINFO) {
@@ -164,10 +190,9 @@ void SigHandler::SigAction(int sig, siginfo_t* info, void* raw_context) {

 struct ExceptionHandler::Impl final {
    Impl(u64 offset_, u64 size_)
-        : offset(offset_)
-        , size(size_)
-    {
-        SigHandler::RegisterHandler();
+            : offset(offset_)
+            , size(size_) {
+        RegisterHandler();
    }

    void SetCallback(std::function<FakeCall(u64)> cb) {
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 // SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2026 Eden Emulator Project
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later

-#include <variant>
 #include "dynarmic/backend/loongarch64/emit_loongarch64.h"

 #include "dynarmic/backend/loongarch64/a32_jitstate.h"
@@ -96,8 +95,7 @@ EmittedBlockInfo EmitLoongArch64(lagoon_assembler_t& as, IR::Block block, const

    // TODO: Emit Terminal
    const auto term = block.GetTerminal();
-    const IR::Term::LeafTerminal* leaft_term = std::get_if<IR::Term::LeafTerminal>(&term);
-    const IR::Term::LinkBlock* link_block_term = std::get_if<IR::Term::LinkBlock>(leaft_term);
+    const IR::Term::LinkBlock* link_block_term = boost::get<IR::Term::LinkBlock>(&term);
    ASSERT(link_block_term);
    la_load_immediate64(&as, Xscratch0, link_block_term->next.Value());
    la_st_w(&as, Xscratch0, Xstate, static_cast<int32_t>(offsetof(A32JitState, regs) + sizeof(u32) * 15));
@@ -136,14 +136,14 @@
 #    endif
 #elif defined(ARCHITECTURE_riscv64)
 #   if defined(__FreeBSD__)
-#       define CTX_PC (mctx.mc_gpregs.gp_sepc)
+#       define CTX_SEPC (mctx.mc_gpregs.gp_sepc)
 #       define CTX_SP (mctx.mc_gpregs.gp_sp)
 #   elif defined(__linux__)
-#       define CTX_PC (mctx.__gregs[REG_PC])
+#       define CTX_SEPC (mctx.__gregs[REG_PC])
 #       define CTX_SP (mctx.__gregs[REG_SP])
 #   elif defined(__OpenBSD__)
 // https://github.com/openbsd/src/blob/master/sys/arch/riscv64/include/signal.h
-#        define CTX_PC (ucontext->sc_sepc)
+#        define CTX_SEPC (ucontext->sc_sepc)
 #        define CTX_SP (ucontext->sc_sp)
 #    else
 #        error "unknown platform"
@@ -522,6 +522,9 @@ std::unique_ptr<ComboboxTranslationMap> ComboboxEnumeration(QObject* parent) {
                              PAIR(AnisotropyMode, X4, tr("4x")),
                              PAIR(AnisotropyMode, X8, tr("8x")),
                              PAIR(AnisotropyMode, X16, tr("16x")),
+                              PAIR(AnisotropyMode, X32, tr("32x")),
+                              PAIR(AnisotropyMode, X64, tr("64x")),
+                              PAIR(AnisotropyMode, None, tr("None")),
                          }});
    translations->insert(
        {Settings::EnumMetadata<Settings::Language>::Index(),
@@ -74,8 +74,8 @@ static constexpr char DEFAULT_DISCORD_IMAGE[] =
    "https://git.eden-emu.dev/eden-emu/eden/raw/branch/master/dist/qt_themes/default/icons/256x256/"
    "eden.png";

-void DiscordImpl::UpdateGameStatus(std::string_view game_url, bool has_boxart) {
-    const std::string url = std::string{has_boxart ? game_url : DEFAULT_DISCORD_IMAGE};
+void DiscordImpl::UpdateGameStatus(bool use_default) {
+    const std::string url = use_default ? std::string{DEFAULT_DISCORD_IMAGE} : game_url;
    s64 start_time = std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::seconds>(
                         std::chrono::system_clock::now().time_since_epoch())
                         .count();
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ void DiscordImpl::Update() {

        // Used to format Icon URL for yuzu website game compatibility page
        std::string icon_name = GetGameString(game_title);
-        auto const game_url = fmt::format(
+        game_url = fmt::format(
            "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eden-emulator/boxart/refs/heads/master/img/{}.png",
            icon_name);

@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ void DiscordImpl::Update() {
        };

        auto res = client.send(request);
-        UpdateGameStatus(game_url, res && res->status == 200);
+        UpdateGameStatus(res && res->status == 200);

        return;
    }
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2026 Eden Emulator Project
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2025 Eden Emulator Project
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later

 // SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2018 Citra Emulator Project
@@ -26,9 +26,11 @@ public:

 private:
    std::string GetGameString(const std::string& title);
-    void UpdateGameStatus(std::string_view game_url, bool use_default);
+    void UpdateGameStatus(bool use_default);

+    std::string game_url{};
    std::string game_title{};
+
    Core::System& system;
 };

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2026 Eden Emulator Project
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2025 Eden Emulator Project
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later

 // SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2021 yuzu Emulator Project
@@ -665,8 +665,6 @@ void EmitShuffleDown(EmitContext& ctx, IR::Inst& inst, ScalarU32 value, ScalarU3
                     const IR::Value& clamp, const IR::Value& segmentation_mask);
 void EmitShuffleButterfly(EmitContext& ctx, IR::Inst& inst, ScalarU32 value, ScalarU32 index,
                          const IR::Value& clamp, const IR::Value& segmentation_mask);
-void EmitQuadBroadcast(EmitContext& ctx, IR::Inst& inst, ScalarU32 value, ScalarU32 lane);
-void EmitQuadSwap(EmitContext& ctx, IR::Inst& inst, ScalarU32 value, ScalarU32 direction);
 void EmitFSwizzleAdd(EmitContext& ctx, IR::Inst& inst, ScalarF32 op_a, ScalarF32 op_b,
                     ScalarU32 swizzle);
 void EmitDPdxFine(EmitContext& ctx, IR::Inst& inst, ScalarF32 op_a);
@@ -1,6 +1,3 @@
-// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2026 Eden Emulator Project
-// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later
-
 // SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2021 yuzu Emulator Project
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later

@@ -100,24 +97,6 @@ void EmitShuffleButterfly(EmitContext& ctx, IR::Inst& inst, ScalarU32 value, Sca
    Shuffle(ctx, inst, value, index, clamp, segmentation_mask, "XOR");
 }

-void EmitQuadBroadcast(EmitContext& ctx, IR::Inst& inst, ScalarU32 value, ScalarU32 lane) {
-    const Register ret{ctx.reg_alloc.Define(inst)};
-    ctx.Add("AND.U RC.x,{}.threadid,~3;"
-            "AND.U RC.y,{},3;"
-            "OR.U RC.x,RC.x,RC.y;"
-            "SHFIDX.U {},{},RC.x,0x1C03;"
-            "MOV.U {}.x,{}.y;",
-            ctx.stage_name, lane, ret, value, ret, ret);
-}
-
-void EmitQuadSwap(EmitContext& ctx, IR::Inst& inst, ScalarU32 value, ScalarU32 direction) {
-    const Register ret{ctx.reg_alloc.Define(inst)};
-    ctx.Add("ADD.U RC.x,{},1;"
-            "SHFXOR.U {},{},RC.x,0x1C03;"
-            "MOV.U {}.x,{}.y;",
-            direction, ret, value, ret, ret);
-}
-
 void EmitFSwizzleAdd(EmitContext& ctx, IR::Inst& inst, ScalarF32 op_a, ScalarF32 op_b,
                     ScalarU32 swizzle) {
    const auto ret{ctx.reg_alloc.Define(inst)};
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2026 Eden Emulator Project
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2025 Eden Emulator Project
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later

 // SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2021 yuzu Emulator Project
@@ -743,10 +743,6 @@ void EmitShuffleDown(EmitContext& ctx, IR::Inst& inst, std::string_view value,
 void EmitShuffleButterfly(EmitContext& ctx, IR::Inst& inst, std::string_view value,
                          std::string_view index, std::string_view clamp,
                          std::string_view segmentation_mask);
-void EmitQuadBroadcast(EmitContext& ctx, IR::Inst& inst, std::string_view value,
-                       std::string_view lane);
-void EmitQuadSwap(EmitContext& ctx, IR::Inst& inst, std::string_view value,
-                  std::string_view direction);
 void EmitFSwizzleAdd(EmitContext& ctx, IR::Inst& inst, std::string_view op_a, std::string_view op_b,
                     std::string_view swizzle);
 void EmitDPdxFine(EmitContext& ctx, IR::Inst& inst, std::string_view op_a);
@@ -1,6 +1,3 @@
-// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2026 Eden Emulator Project
-// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later
-
 // SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2021 yuzu Emulator Project
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later

@@ -203,18 +200,6 @@ void EmitShuffleButterfly(EmitContext& ctx, IR::Inst& inst, std::string_view val
    ctx.AddU32("{}=shfl_in_bounds?shfl_result:{};", inst, value);
 }

-void EmitQuadBroadcast(EmitContext& ctx, IR::Inst& inst, std::string_view value,
-                       std::string_view lane) {
-    const auto src_thread_id{fmt::format("(({}&~3)|({}& 3))", THREAD_ID, lane)};
-    ctx.AddU32("{}=readInvocationARB({},{});", inst, value, src_thread_id);
-}
-
-void EmitQuadSwap(EmitContext& ctx, IR::Inst& inst, std::string_view value,
-                  std::string_view direction) {
-    const auto src_thread_id{fmt::format("({}^({}+1))", THREAD_ID, direction)};
-    ctx.AddU32("{}=readInvocationARB({},{});", inst, value, src_thread_id);
-}
-
 void EmitFSwizzleAdd(EmitContext& ctx, IR::Inst& inst, std::string_view op_a, std::string_view op_b,
                     std::string_view swizzle) {
    const auto mask{fmt::format("({}>>((gl_SubGroupInvocationARB&3)<<1))&3", swizzle)};
@@ -322,11 +322,6 @@ void DefineEntryPoint(const IR::Program& program, EmitContext& ctx, Id main) {
        if (ctx.runtime_info.force_early_z) {
            ctx.AddExecutionMode(main, spv::ExecutionMode::EarlyFragmentTests);
        }
-        if (ctx.profile.support_shader_quad_control && program.info.uses_quad_shuffles) {
-            ctx.AddExtension("SPV_KHR_quad_control");
-            ctx.AddCapability(spv::Capability::QuadControlKHR);
-            ctx.AddExecutionMode(main, spv::ExecutionMode::RequireFullQuadsKHR);
-        }
        break;
    default:
        throw NotImplementedException("Stage {}", program.stage);
@@ -340,7 +335,7 @@ void SetupDenormControl(const Profile& profile, const IR::Program& program, Emit
    if (info.uses_fp32_denorms_flush && info.uses_fp32_denorms_preserve) {
        LOG_DEBUG(Shader_SPIRV, "Fp32 denorm flush and preserve on the same shader");
    } else if (info.uses_fp32_denorms_flush) {
-        if (profile.support_fp32_denorm_flush && !profile.has_broken_fp32_denorm_flush) {
+        if (profile.support_fp32_denorm_flush) {
            ctx.AddCapability(spv::Capability::DenormFlushToZero);
            ctx.AddExecutionMode(main_func, spv::ExecutionMode::DenormFlushToZero, 32U);
        } else {
@@ -448,12 +443,6 @@ void SetupCapabilities(const Profile& profile, const Info& info, EmitContext& ct
            ctx.AddCapability(spv::Capability::GroupNonUniformVote);
        }
    }
-    if (info.uses_quad_shuffles) {
-        if (profile.support_quad_shuffles) {
-            ctx.AddCapability(spv::Capability::GroupNonUniformQuad);
-        }
-        ctx.AddCapability(spv::Capability::GroupNonUniformShuffle);
-    }
    if (info.uses_int64_bit_atomics && profile.support_int64_atomics) {
        ctx.AddCapability(spv::Capability::Int64Atomics);
    }
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2026 Eden Emulator Project
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2025 Eden Emulator Project
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later

 // SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2021 yuzu Emulator Project
@@ -622,8 +622,6 @@ Id EmitShuffleDown(EmitContext& ctx, IR::Inst* inst, Id value, Id index, Id clam
                   Id segmentation_mask);
 Id EmitShuffleButterfly(EmitContext& ctx, IR::Inst* inst, Id value, Id index, Id clamp,
                        Id segmentation_mask);
-Id EmitQuadBroadcast(EmitContext& ctx, Id value, Id lane);
-Id EmitQuadSwap(EmitContext& ctx, Id value, Id direction);
 Id EmitFSwizzleAdd(EmitContext& ctx, Id op_a, Id op_b, Id swizzle);
 Id EmitDPdxFine(EmitContext& ctx, Id op_a);
 Id EmitDPdyFine(EmitContext& ctx, Id op_a);
@@ -260,21 +260,6 @@ Id EmitShuffleButterfly(EmitContext& ctx, IR::Inst* inst, Id value, Id index, Id
    return SelectValue(ctx, in_range, value, src_thread_id);
 }

-Id EmitQuadBroadcast(EmitContext& ctx, Id value, Id lane) {
-    if (ctx.profile.support_quad_shuffles) {
-        return ctx.OpGroupNonUniformQuadBroadcast(ctx.U32[1], SubgroupScope(ctx), value, lane);
-    }
-    const Id base{ctx.OpBitwiseAnd(ctx.U32[1], GetThreadId(ctx), ctx.Const(~3u))};
-    const Id local_lane{ctx.OpBitwiseAnd(ctx.U32[1], lane, ctx.Const(3u))};
-    const Id src_thread_id{ctx.OpBitwiseOr(ctx.U32[1], base, local_lane)};
-    return ctx.OpGroupNonUniformShuffle(ctx.U32[1], SubgroupScope(ctx), value, src_thread_id);
-}
-
-Id EmitQuadSwap(EmitContext& ctx, Id value, Id direction) {
-    const Id xor_mask{ctx.OpIAdd(ctx.U32[1], direction, ctx.Const(1u))};
-    return ctx.OpGroupNonUniformShuffleXor(ctx.U32[1], SubgroupScope(ctx), value, xor_mask);
-}
-
 Id EmitFSwizzleAdd(EmitContext& ctx, Id op_a, Id op_b, Id swizzle) {
    const Id three{ctx.Const(3U)};
    Id mask{GetThreadId(ctx)};
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2026 Eden Emulator Project
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2025 Eden Emulator Project
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later

 // SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2021 yuzu Emulator Project
@@ -2100,14 +2100,6 @@ U32 IREmitter::ShuffleButterfly(const IR::U32& value, const IR::U32& index, cons
    return Inst<U32>(Opcode::ShuffleButterfly, value, index, clamp, seg_mask);
 }

-U32 IREmitter::QuadBroadcast(const IR::U32& value, const IR::U32& lane) {
-    return Inst<U32>(Opcode::QuadBroadcast, value, lane);
-}
-
-U32 IREmitter::QuadSwap(const IR::U32& value, const IR::U32& direction) {
-    return Inst<U32>(Opcode::QuadSwap, value, direction);
-}
-
 F32 IREmitter::FSwizzleAdd(const F32& a, const F32& b, const U32& swizzle, FpControl control) {
    return Inst<F32>(Opcode::FSwizzleAdd, Flags{control}, a, b, swizzle);
 }
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2026 Eden Emulator Project
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2025 Eden Emulator Project
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later

 // SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2021 yuzu Emulator Project
@@ -394,8 +394,6 @@ public:
                                  const IR::U32& seg_mask);
    [[nodiscard]] U32 ShuffleButterfly(const IR::U32& value, const IR::U32& index,
                                       const IR::U32& clamp, const IR::U32& seg_mask);
-    [[nodiscard]] U32 QuadBroadcast(const IR::U32& value, const IR::U32& lane);
-    [[nodiscard]] U32 QuadSwap(const IR::U32& value, const IR::U32& direction);
    [[nodiscard]] F32 FSwizzleAdd(const F32& a, const F32& b, const U32& swizzle,
                                  FpControl control = {});

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ namespace Shader::IR {

 namespace Detail {

-OpcodeMeta META_TABLE[534] = {
+OpcodeMeta META_TABLE[532] = {
 #define OPCODE(name_token, type_token, ...)                                                        \
    {                                                                                              \
        .name{#name_token},                                                                        \
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ OpcodeMeta META_TABLE[534] = {
 #undef OPCODE
 };

-u8 NUM_ARGS[534] = {
+u8 NUM_ARGS[532] = {
 #define OPCODE(name_token, type_token, ...) u8(CalculateNumArgsOf(Opcode::name_token)),
 #include "opcodes.inc"
 #undef OPCODE
@@ -57,12 +57,12 @@ static constexpr Type F64x2{Type::F64x2};
 static constexpr Type F64x3{Type::F64x3};
 static constexpr Type F64x4{Type::F64x4};

-extern OpcodeMeta META_TABLE[534];
+extern OpcodeMeta META_TABLE[532];
 constexpr size_t CalculateNumArgsOf(Opcode op) noexcept {
    const auto& arg_types = META_TABLE[size_t(op)].arg_types;
    return size_t(std::distance(arg_types.begin(), std::ranges::find(arg_types, Type::Void)));
 }
-extern u8 NUM_ARGS[534];
+extern u8 NUM_ARGS[532];
 } // namespace Detail

 /// Get return type of an opcode
@@ -1,6 +1,3 @@
-// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2026 Eden Emulator Project
-// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later
-
 // SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2021 yuzu Emulator Project
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later

@@ -582,8 +579,6 @@ OPCODE(ShuffleIndex,                                        U32,            U32,
 OPCODE(ShuffleUp,                                           U32,            U32,            U32,            U32,            U32,                            )
 OPCODE(ShuffleDown,                                         U32,            U32,            U32,            U32,            U32,                            )
 OPCODE(ShuffleButterfly,                                    U32,            U32,            U32,            U32,            U32,                            )
-OPCODE(QuadBroadcast,                                       U32,            U32,            U32,                                                                    )
-OPCODE(QuadSwap,                                            U32,            U32,            U32,                                                                    )
 OPCODE(FSwizzleAdd,                                         F32,            F32,            F32,            U32,                                            )
 OPCODE(DPdxFine,                                            F32,            F32,                                                                            )
 OPCODE(DPdyFine,                                            F32,            F32,                                                                            )
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2026 Eden Emulator Project
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2025 Eden Emulator Project
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later

 // SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2021 yuzu Emulator Project
@@ -36,10 +36,7 @@ enum class ShuffleMode : u64 {
    }
 }

-constexpr u32 QUAD_MASK = (28u << 8) | 3u;
-
-void Shuffle(TranslatorVisitor& v, u64 insn, const IR::U32& index, const IR::U32& mask,
-             bool index_is_imm, u32 index_imm, bool mask_is_imm, u32 mask_imm) {
+void Shuffle(TranslatorVisitor& v, u64 insn, const IR::U32& index, const IR::U32& mask) {
    union {
        u64 insn;
        BitField<0, 8, IR::Reg> dest_reg;
@@ -48,21 +45,6 @@ void Shuffle(TranslatorVisitor& v, u64 insn, const IR::U32& index, const IR::U32
        BitField<48, 3, IR::Pred> pred;
    } const shfl{insn};

-    const bool is_quad_candidate{mask_is_imm && mask_imm == QUAD_MASK && index_is_imm &&
-                                  v.env.ShaderStage() == Stage::Fragment};
-    if (is_quad_candidate) {
-        if (shfl.mode == ShuffleMode::IDX && index_imm <= 3) {
-            v.X(shfl.dest_reg, v.ir.QuadBroadcast(v.X(shfl.src_reg), v.ir.Imm32(index_imm)));
-            v.ir.SetPred(shfl.pred, v.ir.Imm1(true));
-            return;
-        }
-        if (shfl.mode == ShuffleMode::BFLY && index_imm >= 1 && index_imm <= 3) {
-            v.X(shfl.dest_reg, v.ir.QuadSwap(v.X(shfl.src_reg), v.ir.Imm32(index_imm - 1)));
-            v.ir.SetPred(shfl.pred, v.ir.Imm1(true));
-            return;
-        }
-    }
-
    const IR::U32 result{ShuffleOperation(v.ir, v.X(shfl.src_reg), index, mask, shfl.mode)};
    v.ir.SetPred(shfl.pred, v.ir.GetInBoundsFromOp(result));
    v.X(shfl.dest_reg, result);
@@ -77,14 +59,11 @@ void TranslatorVisitor::SHFL(u64 insn) {
        BitField<29, 1, u64> src_b_flag;
        BitField<34, 13, u64> src_b_imm;
    } const flags{insn};
-    const bool index_is_imm{flags.src_a_flag != 0};
-    const bool mask_is_imm{flags.src_b_flag != 0};
-    const IR::U32 src_a{index_is_imm ? ir.Imm32(static_cast<u32>(flags.src_a_imm))
-                                     : GetReg20(insn)};
-    const IR::U32 src_b{mask_is_imm ? ir.Imm32(static_cast<u32>(flags.src_b_imm))
-                                    : GetReg39(insn)};
-    Shuffle(*this, insn, src_a, src_b, index_is_imm, static_cast<u32>(flags.src_a_imm),
-            mask_is_imm, static_cast<u32>(flags.src_b_imm));
+    const IR::U32 src_a{flags.src_a_flag != 0 ? ir.Imm32(static_cast<u32>(flags.src_a_imm))
+                                              : GetReg20(insn)};
+    const IR::U32 src_b{flags.src_b_flag != 0 ? ir.Imm32(static_cast<u32>(flags.src_b_imm))
+                                              : GetReg39(insn)};
+    Shuffle(*this, insn, src_a, src_b);
 }

 } // namespace Shader::Maxwell
@@ -498,10 +498,6 @@ void VisitUsages(Info& info, IR::Inst& inst) {
    case IR::Opcode::ShuffleButterfly:
        info.uses_subgroup_shuffles = true;
        break;
-    case IR::Opcode::QuadBroadcast:
-    case IR::Opcode::QuadSwap:
-        info.uses_quad_shuffles = true;
-        break;
    case IR::Opcode::GetCbufU8:
    case IR::Opcode::GetCbufS8:
    case IR::Opcode::GetCbufU16:
@@ -37,8 +37,6 @@ struct Profile {
    bool support_explicit_workgroup_layout{};
    bool support_workgroup_layout_8bit_access{};
    bool support_workgroup_layout_16bit_access{};
-    bool support_shader_quad_control{};
-    bool support_quad_shuffles{};
    bool support_vote{};
    u32 supported_subgroup_stages{0x7F};
    bool support_viewport_index_layer_non_geometry{};
@@ -88,8 +86,6 @@ struct Profile {
    bool has_broken_signed_operations{};
    /// Float controls break when fp16 is enabled
    bool has_broken_fp16_float_controls{};
-    /// Declaring fp32 denorm flush to zero miscompiles on some drivers
-    bool has_broken_fp32_denorm_flush{};
    /// Dynamic vec4 indexing is broken on some OpenGL drivers
    bool has_gl_component_indexing_bug{};
    /// The precise type qualifier is broken in the fragment stage of some drivers
@@ -252,7 +252,6 @@ struct Info {
    bool uses_is_helper_invocation{};
    bool uses_subgroup_invocation_id{};
    bool uses_subgroup_shuffles{};
-    bool uses_quad_shuffles{};
    std::array<bool, 30> uses_patches{};

    std::array<Interpolation, 32> interpolation{};
@@ -18,7 +18,6 @@ set(SHADER_FILES
    ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/blit_color_float.frag
    ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/block_linear_unswizzle_2d.comp
    ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/blit_color_msaa.frag
-    ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/blit_depth.frag
    ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/blit_depth_msaa.frag
    ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/blit_depth_stencil_msaa.frag
    ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/block_linear_unswizzle_3d.comp
@@ -31,12 +30,8 @@ set(SHADER_FILES
    ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/convert_float_to_depth.frag
    ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/convert_msaa_to_non_msaa.comp
    ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/convert_msaa_to_non_msaa.frag
-    ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/convert_msaa_to_non_msaa_depth.frag
-    ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/convert_msaa_to_non_msaa_depth_stencil.frag
    ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/convert_non_msaa_to_msaa.comp
    ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/convert_non_msaa_to_msaa.frag
-    ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/convert_non_msaa_to_msaa_depth.frag
-    ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/convert_non_msaa_to_msaa_depth_stencil.frag
    ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/convert_s8d24_to_abgr8.frag
    ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/full_screen_triangle.vert
    ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/fxaa.frag
@@ -168,44 +163,6 @@ foreach(SOURCE_FILE IN ITEMS ${SHADER_FILES})
    endif()
 endforeach()

-# Integer variants of the MSAA conversion shaders. They only differ from the float
-# source in the sampler and output types, so they are generated from it via defines.
-set(SHADER_TYPE_VARIANTS
-    "convert_msaa_to_non_msaa.frag|sint|isampler2DMS|ivec4"
-    "convert_msaa_to_non_msaa.frag|uint|usampler2DMS|uvec4"
-    "convert_non_msaa_to_msaa.frag|sint|isampler2D|ivec4"
-    "convert_non_msaa_to_msaa.frag|uint|usampler2D|uvec4"
-)
-
-foreach(VARIANT IN ITEMS ${SHADER_TYPE_VARIANTS})
-    string(REPLACE "|" ";" VARIANT_PARTS ${VARIANT})
-    list(GET VARIANT_PARTS 0 VARIANT_FILENAME)
-    list(GET VARIANT_PARTS 1 VARIANT_SUFFIX)
-    list(GET VARIANT_PARTS 2 VARIANT_SAMPLER)
-    list(GET VARIANT_PARTS 3 VARIANT_TEXEL)
-
-    set(VARIANT_SOURCE ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/${VARIANT_FILENAME})
-    get_filename_component(VARIANT_STEM ${VARIANT_FILENAME} NAME_WE)
-    get_filename_component(VARIANT_EXT ${VARIANT_FILENAME} EXT)
-    string(REPLACE "." "" VARIANT_EXT ${VARIANT_EXT})
-    set(VARIANT_NAME ${VARIANT_STEM}_${VARIANT_SUFFIX}_${VARIANT_EXT})
-
-    string(TOUPPER ${VARIANT_NAME}_SPV VARIANT_VARIABLE_NAME)
-    set(VARIANT_HEADER_FILE ${SHADER_DIR}/${VARIANT_NAME}_spv.h)
-    add_custom_command(
-        OUTPUT
-            ${VARIANT_HEADER_FILE}
-        COMMAND
-            ${GLSLANGVALIDATOR} -V ${QUIET_FLAG} -I"${FIDELITYFX_INCLUDE_DIR}" ${GLSL_FLAGS}
-            -DSAMPLER_TYPE=${VARIANT_SAMPLER} -DTEXEL_TYPE=${VARIANT_TEXEL}
-            --variable-name ${VARIANT_VARIABLE_NAME} -o ${VARIANT_HEADER_FILE} ${VARIANT_SOURCE}
-            --target-env ${SPIR_V_VERSION}
-        MAIN_DEPENDENCY
-            ${VARIANT_SOURCE}
-    )
-    set(SHADER_HEADERS ${SHADER_HEADERS} ${VARIANT_HEADER_FILE})
-endforeach()
-
 foreach(FILEPATH IN ITEMS ${FIDELITYFX_FILES})
    get_filename_component(FILENAME ${FILEPATH} NAME)
    string(REPLACE "." "_" HEADER_NAME ${FILENAME})
@@ -1,12 +0,0 @@
-// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2026 Eden Emulator Project
-// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later
-
-#version 450 core
-
-layout(binding = 0) uniform sampler2D depth_tex;
-
-layout(location = 0) in vec2 texcoord;
-
-void main() {
-    gl_FragDepth = textureLod(depth_tex, texcoord, 0).r;
-}
@@ -8,5 +8,5 @@ layout(binding = 0) uniform sampler2DMS depth_tex;
 layout(location = 0) in vec2 texcoord;

 void main() {
-    gl_FragDepth = texelFetch(depth_tex, ivec2(texcoord), gl_SampleID).r;
+    gl_FragDepth = texelFetch(depth_tex, ivec2(texcoord), 0).r;
 }
@@ -10,6 +10,6 @@ layout(binding = 1) uniform usampler2DMS stencil_tex;
 layout(location = 0) in vec2 texcoord;

 void main() {
-    gl_FragDepth = texelFetch(depth_tex, ivec2(texcoord), gl_SampleID).r;
-    gl_FragStencilRefARB = int(texelFetch(stencil_tex, ivec2(texcoord), gl_SampleID).r);
+    gl_FragDepth = texelFetch(depth_tex, ivec2(texcoord), 0).r;
+    gl_FragStencilRefARB = int(texelFetch(stencil_tex, ivec2(texcoord), 0).r);
 }
@@ -3,14 +3,7 @@

 #version 450 core

-#ifndef SAMPLER_TYPE
-#define SAMPLER_TYPE sampler2DMS
-#endif
-#ifndef TEXEL_TYPE
-#define TEXEL_TYPE vec4
-#endif
-
-layout(binding = 0) uniform SAMPLER_TYPE msaa_in;
+layout(binding = 0) uniform sampler2DMS msaa_in;

 layout(push_constant) uniform PushConstants {
    ivec2 dst_offset;
@@ -18,7 +11,7 @@ layout(push_constant) uniform PushConstants {
    ivec2 scale;
 };

-layout(location = 0) out TEXEL_TYPE frag_color;
+layout(location = 0) out vec4 frag_color;

 void main() {
    const ivec2 coord = ivec2(gl_FragCoord.xy) - dst_offset + src_offset;
@@ -1,20 +0,0 @@
-// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2026 Eden Emulator Project
-// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later
-
-#version 450 core
-
-layout(binding = 0) uniform sampler2DMS msaa_in;
-
-layout(push_constant) uniform PushConstants {
-    ivec2 dst_offset;
-    ivec2 src_offset;
-    ivec2 scale;
-};
-
-void main() {
-    const ivec2 coord = ivec2(gl_FragCoord.xy) - dst_offset + src_offset;
-    const ivec2 msaa_coord = coord / scale;
-    const ivec2 sample_offset = coord % scale;
-    const int sample_id = sample_offset.x + scale.x * sample_offset.y;
-    gl_FragDepth = texelFetch(msaa_in, msaa_coord, sample_id).r;
-}
@@ -1,23 +0,0 @@
-// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2026 Eden Emulator Project
-// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later
-
-#version 450 core
-#extension GL_ARB_shader_stencil_export : require
-
-layout(binding = 0) uniform sampler2DMS depth_tex;
-layout(binding = 1) uniform usampler2DMS stencil_tex;
-
-layout(push_constant) uniform PushConstants {
-    ivec2 dst_offset;
-    ivec2 src_offset;
-    ivec2 scale;
-};
-
-void main() {
-    const ivec2 coord = ivec2(gl_FragCoord.xy) - dst_offset + src_offset;
-    const ivec2 msaa_coord = coord / scale;
-    const ivec2 sample_offset = coord % scale;
-    const int sample_id = sample_offset.x + scale.x * sample_offset.y;
-    gl_FragDepth = texelFetch(depth_tex, msaa_coord, sample_id).r;
-    gl_FragStencilRefARB = int(texelFetch(stencil_tex, msaa_coord, sample_id).r);
-}
@@ -3,14 +3,7 @@

 #version 450 core

-#ifndef SAMPLER_TYPE
-#define SAMPLER_TYPE sampler2D
-#endif
-#ifndef TEXEL_TYPE
-#define TEXEL_TYPE vec4
-#endif
-
-layout(binding = 0) uniform SAMPLER_TYPE img_in;
+layout(binding = 0) uniform sampler2D img_in;

 layout(push_constant) uniform PushConstants {
    ivec2 dst_offset;
@@ -18,7 +11,7 @@ layout(push_constant) uniform PushConstants {
    ivec2 scale;
 };

-layout(location = 0) out TEXEL_TYPE frag_color;
+layout(location = 0) out vec4 frag_color;

 void main() {
    const ivec2 msaa_coord = ivec2(gl_FragCoord.xy) - dst_offset;
@@ -1,19 +0,0 @@
-// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2026 Eden Emulator Project
-// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later
-
-#version 450 core
-
-layout(binding = 0) uniform sampler2D img_in;
-
-layout(push_constant) uniform PushConstants {
-    ivec2 dst_offset;
-    ivec2 src_offset;
-    ivec2 scale;
-};
-
-void main() {
-    const ivec2 msaa_coord = ivec2(gl_FragCoord.xy) - dst_offset;
-    const ivec2 sample_offset = ivec2(gl_SampleID % scale.x, gl_SampleID / scale.x);
-    const ivec2 coord = msaa_coord * scale + sample_offset + src_offset;
-    gl_FragDepth = texelFetch(img_in, coord, 0).r;
-}
@@ -1,22 +0,0 @@
-// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2026 Eden Emulator Project
-// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later
-
-#version 450 core
-#extension GL_ARB_shader_stencil_export : require
-
-layout(binding = 0) uniform sampler2D depth_tex;
-layout(binding = 1) uniform usampler2D stencil_tex;
-
-layout(push_constant) uniform PushConstants {
-    ivec2 dst_offset;
-    ivec2 src_offset;
-    ivec2 scale;
-};
-
-void main() {
-    const ivec2 msaa_coord = ivec2(gl_FragCoord.xy) - dst_offset;
-    const ivec2 sample_offset = ivec2(gl_SampleID % scale.x, gl_SampleID / scale.x);
-    const ivec2 coord = msaa_coord * scale + sample_offset + src_offset;
-    gl_FragDepth = texelFetch(depth_tex, coord, 0).r;
-    gl_FragStencilRefARB = int(texelFetch(stencil_tex, coord, 0).r);
-}
@@ -7,7 +7,6 @@ layout(push_constant) uniform constants {
    vec2 scale;
    vec2 size;
    vec2 resize_factor;
-    vec2 crop_offset;
    float edge_sharpness;
 };
 layout(location = 0) out highp vec2 texcoord;
@@ -16,5 +15,5 @@ void main() {
    float x = float((gl_VertexIndex & 1) << 2);
    float y = float((gl_VertexIndex & 2) << 1);
    gl_Position = vec4(x - 1.0f, y - 1.0f, 0.0, 1.0f) * vec4(sign(resize_factor), 1.f, 1.f);
-    texcoord = crop_offset + vec2(x, y) * abs(resize_factor) * 0.5;
+    texcoord = vec2(x, y) * abs(resize_factor) * 0.5;
 }
@@ -14,7 +14,6 @@ layout(push_constant) uniform constants {
    vec2 scale;
    vec2 size;
    vec2 resize_factor;
-    vec2 crop_offset;
    float edge_sharpness;
 };
 layout(set = 0, binding = 0) uniform sampler2D sampler0;
@@ -13,7 +13,6 @@
 layout( push_constant ) uniform constants {
    vec4 ViewportInfo[1];
    vec2 ResizeFactor;
-    vec2 CropOffset;
    float EdgeSharpness;
 };
 layout(set = 0, binding = 0) uniform sampler2D ps0;
@@ -231,7 +231,6 @@ ShaderCache::ShaderCache(Tegra::MaxwellDeviceMemoryManager& device_memory_,
          .has_broken_unsigned_image_offsets = true,
          .has_broken_signed_operations = true,
          .has_broken_fp16_float_controls = false,
-          .has_broken_fp32_denorm_flush = false,
          .has_gl_component_indexing_bug = device.HasComponentIndexingBug(),
          .has_gl_precise_bug = device.HasPreciseBug(),
          .has_gl_cbuf_ftou_bug = device.HasCbufFtouBug(),
@@ -75,8 +75,6 @@ public:

    void Finish();

-    void FlushDeferredClear() {}
-
    StagingBufferMap UploadStagingBuffer(size_t size, bool deferred = false);

    StagingBufferMap DownloadStagingBuffer(size_t size, bool deferred = false);
@@ -372,7 +370,6 @@ struct TextureCacheParams {
    static constexpr bool HAS_EMULATED_COPIES = true;
    static constexpr bool HAS_DEVICE_MEMORY_INFO = true;
    static constexpr bool IMPLEMENTS_ASYNC_DOWNLOADS = true;
-    static constexpr bool HAS_MSAA_DOWNLOADS = false;

    using Runtime = OpenGL::TextureCacheRuntime;
    using Image = OpenGL::Image;
@@ -12,7 +12,6 @@
 #include "common/settings.h"
 #include "video_core/host_shaders/blit_color_float_frag_spv.h"
 #include "video_core/host_shaders/blit_color_msaa_frag_spv.h"
-#include "video_core/host_shaders/blit_depth_frag_spv.h"
 #include "video_core/host_shaders/blit_depth_msaa_frag_spv.h"
 #include "video_core/host_shaders/blit_depth_stencil_msaa_frag_spv.h"
 #include "video_core/host_shaders/convert_abgr8_to_d24s8_frag_spv.h"
@@ -22,15 +21,7 @@
 #include "video_core/host_shaders/convert_depth_to_float_frag_spv.h"
 #include "video_core/host_shaders/convert_float_to_depth_frag_spv.h"
 #include "video_core/host_shaders/convert_msaa_to_non_msaa_frag_spv.h"
-#include "video_core/host_shaders/convert_msaa_to_non_msaa_depth_frag_spv.h"
-#include "video_core/host_shaders/convert_msaa_to_non_msaa_depth_stencil_frag_spv.h"
-#include "video_core/host_shaders/convert_msaa_to_non_msaa_sint_frag_spv.h"
-#include "video_core/host_shaders/convert_msaa_to_non_msaa_uint_frag_spv.h"
 #include "video_core/host_shaders/convert_non_msaa_to_msaa_frag_spv.h"
-#include "video_core/host_shaders/convert_non_msaa_to_msaa_sint_frag_spv.h"
-#include "video_core/host_shaders/convert_non_msaa_to_msaa_uint_frag_spv.h"
-#include "video_core/host_shaders/convert_non_msaa_to_msaa_depth_frag_spv.h"
-#include "video_core/host_shaders/convert_non_msaa_to_msaa_depth_stencil_frag_spv.h"
 #include "video_core/host_shaders/convert_s8d24_to_abgr8_frag_spv.h"
 #include "video_core/host_shaders/full_screen_triangle_vert_spv.h"
 #include "video_core/host_shaders/vulkan_blit_depth_stencil_frag_spv.h"
@@ -527,19 +518,8 @@ void RecordShaderReadBarrier(Scheduler& scheduler, const ImageView& image_view)
    }
 }

-[[nodiscard]] MSAACopyFormatClass FormatClass(VideoCore::Surface::PixelFormat format) {
-    if (!VideoCore::Surface::IsPixelFormatInteger(format)) {
-        return MSAACopyFormatClass::Float;
-    }
-    if (VideoCore::Surface::IsPixelFormatSignedInteger(format)) {
-        return MSAACopyFormatClass::SignedInteger;
-    }
-    return MSAACopyFormatClass::UnsignedInteger;
-}
-
 [[nodiscard]] vk::ImageView MakeMSAACopyView(const vk::Device& device, VkImage image,
-                                             VkFormat format, u32 base_level, u32 base_layer,
-                                             VkImageAspectFlags aspect_mask) {
+                                             VkFormat format, u32 base_level) {
    return device.CreateImageView(VkImageViewCreateInfo{
        .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_IMAGE_VIEW_CREATE_INFO,
        .pNext = nullptr,
@@ -554,10 +534,10 @@ void RecordShaderReadBarrier(Scheduler& scheduler, const ImageView& image_view)
            .a = VK_COMPONENT_SWIZZLE_IDENTITY,
        },
        .subresourceRange{
-            .aspectMask = aspect_mask,
+            .aspectMask = VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT,
            .baseMipLevel = base_level,
            .levelCount = 1,
-            .baseArrayLayer = base_layer,
+            .baseArrayLayer = 0,
            .layerCount = 1,
        },
    });
@@ -606,17 +586,12 @@ BlitImageHelper::BlitImageHelper(const Device& device_, Scheduler& scheduler_,
      msaa_copy_pipeline_layout(device.GetLogical().CreatePipelineLayout(PipelineLayoutCreateInfo(
          one_texture_set_layout.address(),
          PUSH_CONSTANT_RANGE<VK_SHADER_STAGE_FRAGMENT_BIT, sizeof(MSAACopyPushConstants)>))),
-      msaa_copy_depth_stencil_pipeline_layout(
-          device.GetLogical().CreatePipelineLayout(PipelineLayoutCreateInfo(
-              two_textures_set_layout.address(),
-              PUSH_CONSTANT_RANGE<VK_SHADER_STAGE_FRAGMENT_BIT, sizeof(MSAACopyPushConstants)>))),
      full_screen_vert(BuildShader(device, FULL_SCREEN_TRIANGLE_VERT_SPV)),
      blit_color_to_color_frag(BuildShader(device, BLIT_COLOR_FLOAT_FRAG_SPV)),
      blit_color_msaa_frag(BuildShader(device, BLIT_COLOR_MSAA_FRAG_SPV)),
      blit_depth_stencil_frag(device.IsExtShaderStencilExportSupported()
                             ? BuildShader(device, VULKAN_BLIT_DEPTH_STENCIL_FRAG_SPV)
                             : vk::ShaderModule{}),
-      blit_depth_frag(BuildShader(device, BLIT_DEPTH_FRAG_SPV)),
      blit_depth_msaa_frag(BuildShader(device, BLIT_DEPTH_MSAA_FRAG_SPV)),
      blit_depth_stencil_msaa_frag(device.IsExtShaderStencilExportSupported()
                             ? BuildShader(device, BLIT_DEPTH_STENCIL_MSAA_FRAG_SPV)
@@ -634,25 +609,7 @@ BlitImageHelper::BlitImageHelper(const Device& device_, Scheduler& scheduler_,
      convert_d24s8_to_abgr8_frag(BuildShader(device, CONVERT_D24S8_TO_ABGR8_FRAG_SPV)),
      convert_s8d24_to_abgr8_frag(BuildShader(device, CONVERT_S8D24_TO_ABGR8_FRAG_SPV)),
      convert_msaa_to_non_msaa_frag(BuildShader(device, CONVERT_MSAA_TO_NON_MSAA_FRAG_SPV)),
-      convert_msaa_to_non_msaa_sint_frag(
-          BuildShader(device, CONVERT_MSAA_TO_NON_MSAA_SINT_FRAG_SPV)),
-      convert_msaa_to_non_msaa_uint_frag(
-          BuildShader(device, CONVERT_MSAA_TO_NON_MSAA_UINT_FRAG_SPV)),
-      convert_msaa_to_non_msaa_depth_frag(
-          BuildShader(device, CONVERT_MSAA_TO_NON_MSAA_DEPTH_FRAG_SPV)),
-      convert_msaa_to_non_msaa_depth_stencil_frag(
-          BuildShader(device, CONVERT_MSAA_TO_NON_MSAA_DEPTH_STENCIL_FRAG_SPV)),
      convert_non_msaa_to_msaa_frag(BuildShader(device, CONVERT_NON_MSAA_TO_MSAA_FRAG_SPV)),
-      convert_non_msaa_to_msaa_sint_frag(
-          BuildShader(device, CONVERT_NON_MSAA_TO_MSAA_SINT_FRAG_SPV)),
-      convert_non_msaa_to_msaa_uint_frag(
-          BuildShader(device, CONVERT_NON_MSAA_TO_MSAA_UINT_FRAG_SPV)),
-      convert_non_msaa_to_msaa_depth_frag(
-          BuildShader(device, CONVERT_NON_MSAA_TO_MSAA_DEPTH_FRAG_SPV)),
-      convert_non_msaa_to_msaa_depth_stencil_frag(
-          device.IsExtShaderStencilExportSupported()
-              ? BuildShader(device, CONVERT_NON_MSAA_TO_MSAA_DEPTH_STENCIL_FRAG_SPV)
-              : vk::ShaderModule{}),
      linear_sampler(device.GetLogical().CreateSampler(SAMPLER_CREATE_INFO<VK_FILTER_LINEAR>)),
      nearest_sampler(device.GetLogical().CreateSampler(SAMPLER_CREATE_INFO<VK_FILTER_NEAREST>)) {}

@@ -667,13 +624,24 @@ void BlitImageHelper::BlitColor(const Framebuffer* dst_framebuffer, const ImageV
        .renderpass = dst_framebuffer->RenderPass(),
        .operation = operation,
    };
-    VkSampler sampler = *nearest_sampler;
-    if (is_linear) {
-        sampler = *linear_sampler;
-    }
-    BlitImpl(dst_framebuffer, src_image_view, dst_region, src_region,
-             FindOrEmplaceColorPipeline(key), sampler,
-             src_image_view.Handle(Shader::TextureType::Color2D), VK_NULL_HANDLE, false);
+    const VkPipelineLayout layout = *one_texture_pipeline_layout;
+    const VkSampler sampler = is_linear ? *linear_sampler : *nearest_sampler;
+    const VkPipeline pipeline = FindOrEmplaceColorPipeline(key);
+    const VkImageView src_view = src_image_view.Handle(Shader::TextureType::Color2D);
+
+    RecordShaderReadBarrier(scheduler, src_image_view);
+    scheduler.RequestRenderpass(dst_framebuffer);
+    scheduler.Record([this, dst_region, src_region, pipeline, layout, sampler,
+                      src_view](vk::CommandBuffer cmdbuf) {
+        const VkDescriptorSet descriptor_set = one_texture_descriptor_allocator.Commit();
+        UpdateOneTextureDescriptorSet(device, descriptor_set, sampler, src_view);
+        cmdbuf.BindPipeline(VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, pipeline);
+        cmdbuf.BindDescriptorSets(VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, layout, 0, descriptor_set,
+                                  nullptr);
+        BindBlitState(cmdbuf, layout, dst_region, src_region);
+        cmdbuf.Draw(3, 1, 0, 0);
+    });
+    scheduler.InvalidateState();
 }

 void BlitImageHelper::BlitColor(const Framebuffer* dst_framebuffer, VkImageView src_image_view,
@@ -702,29 +670,24 @@ void BlitImageHelper::BlitColor(const Framebuffer* dst_framebuffer, VkImageView
    });
 }

-void BlitImageHelper::BlitImpl(const Framebuffer* dst_framebuffer,
-                               const ImageView& src_image_view, const Region2D& dst_region,
-                               const Region2D& src_region, VkPipeline pipeline, VkSampler sampler,
-                               VkImageView src_view, VkImageView src_stencil_view,
-                               bool blit_stencil) {
-    VkPipelineLayout layout = *one_texture_pipeline_layout;
-    if (blit_stencil) {
-        layout = *two_textures_pipeline_layout;
-    }
+void BlitImageHelper::BlitColorMSAA(const Framebuffer* dst_framebuffer,
+                                    const ImageView& src_image_view, const Region2D& dst_region,
+                                    const Region2D& src_region) {
+    const BlitMSAAPipelineKey key{
+        .renderpass = dst_framebuffer->RenderPass(),
+        .samples = dst_framebuffer->Samples(),
+    };
+    const VkPipelineLayout layout = *one_texture_pipeline_layout;
+    const VkSampler sampler = *nearest_sampler;
+    const VkPipeline pipeline = FindOrEmplaceBlitColorMSAAPipeline(key);
+    const VkImageView src_view = src_image_view.Handle(Shader::TextureType::Color2D);

    RecordShaderReadBarrier(scheduler, src_image_view);
    scheduler.RequestRenderpass(dst_framebuffer);
-    scheduler.Record([this, dst_region, src_region, pipeline, layout, sampler, src_view,
-                      src_stencil_view, blit_stencil](vk::CommandBuffer cmdbuf) {
-        VkDescriptorSet descriptor_set = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
-        if (blit_stencil) {
-            descriptor_set = two_textures_descriptor_allocator.Commit();
-            UpdateTwoTexturesDescriptorSet(device, descriptor_set, sampler, src_view,
-                                           src_stencil_view);
-        } else {
-            descriptor_set = one_texture_descriptor_allocator.Commit();
-            UpdateOneTextureDescriptorSet(device, descriptor_set, sampler, src_view);
-        }
+    scheduler.Record([this, dst_region, src_region, pipeline, layout, sampler,
+                      src_view](vk::CommandBuffer cmdbuf) {
+        const VkDescriptorSet descriptor_set = one_texture_descriptor_allocator.Commit();
+        UpdateOneTextureDescriptorSet(device, descriptor_set, sampler, src_view);
        cmdbuf.BindPipeline(VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, pipeline);
        cmdbuf.BindDescriptorSets(VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, layout, 0, descriptor_set,
                                  nullptr);
@@ -734,56 +697,41 @@ void BlitImageHelper::BlitImpl(const Framebuffer* dst_framebuffer,
    scheduler.InvalidateState();
 }

-void BlitImageHelper::BlitColorMSAA(const Framebuffer* dst_framebuffer,
-                                    const ImageView& src_image_view, const Region2D& dst_region,
-                                    const Region2D& src_region) {
-    const BlitMSAAPipelineKey key{
-        .renderpass = dst_framebuffer->RenderPass(),
-        .samples = dst_framebuffer->Samples(),
-    };
-    BlitImpl(dst_framebuffer, src_image_view, dst_region, src_region,
-             FindOrEmplaceBlitColorMSAAPipeline(key), *nearest_sampler,
-             src_image_view.Handle(Shader::TextureType::Color2D), VK_NULL_HANDLE, false);
-}
-
-void BlitImageHelper::BlitDepthStencilMSAA(const Framebuffer* dst_framebuffer,
-                                           ImageView& src_image_view, const Region2D& dst_region,
-                                           const Region2D& src_region) {
-    const bool blit_stencil =
-        dst_framebuffer->HasAspectStencilBit() && device.IsExtShaderStencilExportSupported();
-    const BlitMSAAPipelineKey key{
-        .renderpass = dst_framebuffer->RenderPass(),
-        .samples = dst_framebuffer->Samples(),
-    };
-    VkImageView src_stencil_view = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
-    if (blit_stencil) {
-        src_stencil_view = src_image_view.StencilView();
-    }
-    BlitImpl(dst_framebuffer, src_image_view, dst_region, src_region,
-             FindOrEmplaceBlitDepthStencilMSAAPipeline(key, blit_stencil), *nearest_sampler,
-             src_image_view.DepthView(), src_stencil_view, blit_stencil);
-}
-
-void BlitImageHelper::BlitDepth(const Framebuffer* dst_framebuffer, ImageView& src_image_view,
-                                const Region2D& dst_region, const Region2D& src_region) {
-    BlitImpl(dst_framebuffer, src_image_view, dst_region, src_region,
-             FindOrEmplaceBlitDepthPipeline(dst_framebuffer->RenderPass()), *nearest_sampler,
-             src_image_view.DepthView(), VK_NULL_HANDLE, false);
-}
-
 void BlitImageHelper::ResolveDepthStencil(const Framebuffer* dst_framebuffer,
                                          ImageView& src_image_view, const Region2D& dst_region,
                                          const Region2D& src_region) {
    const bool resolve_stencil =
        dst_framebuffer->HasAspectStencilBit() && device.IsExtShaderStencilExportSupported();
-    VkImageView src_stencil_view = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
-    if (resolve_stencil) {
-        src_stencil_view = src_image_view.StencilView();
-    }
-    BlitImpl(dst_framebuffer, src_image_view, dst_region, src_region,
-             FindOrEmplaceResolveDepthStencilPipeline(dst_framebuffer->RenderPass(),
-                                                      resolve_stencil),
-             *nearest_sampler, src_image_view.DepthView(), src_stencil_view, resolve_stencil);
+    const VkPipeline pipeline =
+        FindOrEmplaceResolveDepthStencilPipeline(dst_framebuffer->RenderPass(), resolve_stencil);
+    const VkPipelineLayout layout =
+        resolve_stencil ? *two_textures_pipeline_layout : *one_texture_pipeline_layout;
+    const VkSampler sampler = *nearest_sampler;
+    const VkImageView src_depth_view = src_image_view.DepthView();
+    const VkImageView src_stencil_view =
+        resolve_stencil ? src_image_view.StencilView() : VK_NULL_HANDLE;
+
+    RecordShaderReadBarrier(scheduler, src_image_view);
+    scheduler.RequestRenderpass(dst_framebuffer);
+    scheduler.Record([this, dst_region, src_region, pipeline, layout, sampler, src_depth_view,
+                      src_stencil_view, resolve_stencil](vk::CommandBuffer cmdbuf) {
+        if (resolve_stencil) {
+            const VkDescriptorSet descriptor_set = two_textures_descriptor_allocator.Commit();
+            UpdateTwoTexturesDescriptorSet(device, descriptor_set, sampler, src_depth_view,
+                                           src_stencil_view);
+            cmdbuf.BindDescriptorSets(VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, layout, 0, descriptor_set,
+                                      nullptr);
+        } else {
+            const VkDescriptorSet descriptor_set = one_texture_descriptor_allocator.Commit();
+            UpdateOneTextureDescriptorSet(device, descriptor_set, sampler, src_depth_view);
+            cmdbuf.BindDescriptorSets(VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, layout, 0, descriptor_set,
+                                      nullptr);
+        }
+        cmdbuf.BindPipeline(VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, pipeline);
+        BindBlitState(cmdbuf, layout, dst_region, src_region);
+        cmdbuf.Draw(3, 1, 0, 0);
+    });
+    scheduler.InvalidateState();
 }

 void BlitImageHelper::BlitDepthStencil(const Framebuffer* dst_framebuffer,
@@ -791,23 +739,35 @@ void BlitImageHelper::BlitDepthStencil(const Framebuffer* dst_framebuffer,
                                       const Region2D& dst_region, const Region2D& src_region,
                                       Tegra::Engines::Fermi2D::Filter filter,
                                       Tegra::Engines::Fermi2D::Operation operation) {
+    if (!device.IsExtShaderStencilExportSupported()) {
+        return;
+    }
    ASSERT(filter == Tegra::Engines::Fermi2D::Filter::Point);
    ASSERT(operation == Tegra::Engines::Fermi2D::Operation::SrcCopy);
-    const bool blit_stencil = device.IsExtShaderStencilExportSupported();
    const BlitImagePipelineKey key{
        .renderpass = dst_framebuffer->RenderPass(),
        .operation = operation,
    };
-    VkPipeline pipeline{};
-    VkImageView src_stencil_view = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
-    if (blit_stencil) {
-        pipeline = FindOrEmplaceDepthStencilPipeline(key);
-        src_stencil_view = src_image_view.StencilView();
-    } else {
-        pipeline = FindOrEmplaceBlitDepthPipeline(key.renderpass);
-    }
-    BlitImpl(dst_framebuffer, src_image_view, dst_region, src_region, pipeline, *nearest_sampler,
-             src_image_view.DepthView(), src_stencil_view, blit_stencil);
+    const VkPipelineLayout layout = *two_textures_pipeline_layout;
+    const VkSampler sampler = *nearest_sampler;
+    const VkPipeline pipeline = FindOrEmplaceDepthStencilPipeline(key);
+    const VkImageView src_depth_view = src_image_view.DepthView();
+    const VkImageView src_stencil_view = src_image_view.StencilView();
+
+    RecordShaderReadBarrier(scheduler, src_image_view);
+    scheduler.RequestRenderpass(dst_framebuffer);
+    scheduler.Record([dst_region, src_region, pipeline, layout, sampler, src_depth_view,
+                      src_stencil_view, this](vk::CommandBuffer cmdbuf) {
+        const VkDescriptorSet descriptor_set = two_textures_descriptor_allocator.Commit();
+        UpdateTwoTexturesDescriptorSet(device, descriptor_set, sampler, src_depth_view,
+                                       src_stencil_view);
+        cmdbuf.BindPipeline(VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, pipeline);
+        cmdbuf.BindDescriptorSets(VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, layout, 0, descriptor_set,
+                                  nullptr);
+        BindBlitState(cmdbuf, layout, dst_region, src_region);
+        cmdbuf.Draw(3, 1, 0, 0);
+    });
+    scheduler.InvalidateState();
 }

 void BlitImageHelper::ConvertD32ToR32(const Framebuffer* dst_framebuffer,
@@ -922,183 +882,19 @@ void BlitImageHelper::ClearDepthStencil(const Framebuffer* dst_framebuffer, bool
    scheduler.InvalidateState();
 }

-void BlitImageHelper::CopyMSAAImpl(VkRenderPass renderpass, VkPipeline pipeline,
-                                   VkPipelineLayout layout, VkImage dst_image,
-                                   VkFormat dst_vk_format, VkImage src_image,
-                                   VkFormat src_vk_format, s32 scale_x, s32 scale_y,
-                                   std::span<const VideoCommon::ImageCopy> copies,
-                                   const MSAACopyAspectInfo& aspect_info, bool copy_stencil) {
-    while (!msaa_copy_resources.empty() && scheduler.IsFree(msaa_copy_resources.front().tick)) {
-        msaa_copy_resources.pop_front();
-    }
-    const VkSampler sampler = *nearest_sampler;
-    for (const VideoCommon::ImageCopy& copy : copies) {
-        const s32 num_layers = (std::min)(copy.src_subresource.num_layers,
-                                          copy.dst_subresource.num_layers);
-        for (s32 layer = 0; layer < num_layers; ++layer) {
-            const u32 src_level = static_cast<u32>(copy.src_subresource.base_level);
-            const u32 src_layer = static_cast<u32>(copy.src_subresource.base_layer + layer);
-            vk::ImageView src_view =
-                MakeMSAACopyView(device.GetLogical(), src_image, src_vk_format, src_level,
-                                 src_layer, aspect_info.src_view_aspect);
-            vk::ImageView src_stencil_view;
-            if (copy_stencil) {
-                src_stencil_view =
-                    MakeMSAACopyView(device.GetLogical(), src_image, src_vk_format, src_level,
-                                     src_layer, VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_STENCIL_BIT);
-            }
-            vk::ImageView dst_view =
-                MakeMSAACopyView(device.GetLogical(), dst_image, dst_vk_format,
-                                 static_cast<u32>(copy.dst_subresource.base_level),
-                                 static_cast<u32>(copy.dst_subresource.base_layer + layer),
-                                 aspect_info.attachment_aspect);
-            const VkOffset2D dst_offset{copy.dst_offset.x, copy.dst_offset.y};
-            const VkExtent2D dst_extent{copy.extent.width, copy.extent.height};
-            const VkRect2D render_area{
-                .offset = dst_offset,
-                .extent = dst_extent,
-            };
-            vk::Framebuffer framebuffer = device.GetLogical().CreateFramebuffer(VkFramebufferCreateInfo{
-                .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_FRAMEBUFFER_CREATE_INFO,
-                .pNext = nullptr,
-                .flags = 0,
-                .renderPass = renderpass,
-                .attachmentCount = 1,
-                .pAttachments = dst_view.address(),
-                .width = static_cast<u32>(dst_offset.x) + dst_extent.width,
-                .height = static_cast<u32>(dst_offset.y) + dst_extent.height,
-                .layers = 1,
-            });
-            const MSAACopyPushConstants push_constants{
-                .dst_offset = {dst_offset.x, dst_offset.y},
-                .src_offset = {copy.src_offset.x, copy.src_offset.y},
-                .scale = {scale_x, scale_y},
-            };
-            VkImageView src_stencil_handle = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
-            if (copy_stencil) {
-                src_stencil_handle = *src_stencil_view;
-            }
-            scheduler.RequestOutsideRenderPassOperationContext();
-            scheduler.Record([this, pipeline, layout, sampler, renderpass,
-                              framebuffer_handle = *framebuffer, src_view_handle = *src_view,
-                              src_stencil_handle, src = src_image, dst = dst_image, render_area,
-                              aspect_info, push_constants](vk::CommandBuffer cmdbuf) {
-                const VkImageSubresourceRange barrier_range{
-                    .aspectMask = aspect_info.barrier_aspect,
-                    .baseMipLevel = 0,
-                    .levelCount = VK_REMAINING_MIP_LEVELS,
-                    .baseArrayLayer = 0,
-                    .layerCount = VK_REMAINING_ARRAY_LAYERS,
-                };
-                const std::array pre_barriers{
-                    VkImageMemoryBarrier{
-                        .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_IMAGE_MEMORY_BARRIER,
-                        .pNext = nullptr,
-                        .srcAccessMask = aspect_info.pre_src_access,
-                        .dstAccessMask = aspect_info.pre_src_dst_access,
-                        .oldLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL,
-                        .newLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL,
-                        .srcQueueFamilyIndex = VK_QUEUE_FAMILY_IGNORED,
-                        .dstQueueFamilyIndex = VK_QUEUE_FAMILY_IGNORED,
-                        .image = src,
-                        .subresourceRange = barrier_range,
-                    },
-                    VkImageMemoryBarrier{
-                        .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_IMAGE_MEMORY_BARRIER,
-                        .pNext = nullptr,
-                        .srcAccessMask = aspect_info.pre_src_access,
-                        .dstAccessMask = aspect_info.pre_dst_dst_access,
-                        .oldLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL,
-                        .newLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL,
-                        .srcQueueFamilyIndex = VK_QUEUE_FAMILY_IGNORED,
-                        .dstQueueFamilyIndex = VK_QUEUE_FAMILY_IGNORED,
-                        .image = dst,
-                        .subresourceRange = barrier_range,
-                    },
-                };
-                cmdbuf.PipelineBarrier(aspect_info.pre_src_stages, aspect_info.pre_dst_stages, 0,
-                                       nullptr, nullptr, pre_barriers);
-                const VkRenderPassBeginInfo renderpass_bi{
-                    .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_RENDER_PASS_BEGIN_INFO,
-                    .pNext = nullptr,
-                    .renderPass = renderpass,
-                    .framebuffer = framebuffer_handle,
-                    .renderArea = render_area,
-                    .clearValueCount = 0,
-                    .pClearValues = nullptr,
-                };
-                cmdbuf.BeginRenderPass(renderpass_bi, VK_SUBPASS_CONTENTS_INLINE);
-                VkDescriptorSet descriptor_set = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
-                if (src_stencil_handle != VK_NULL_HANDLE) {
-                    descriptor_set = two_textures_descriptor_allocator.Commit();
-                    UpdateTwoTexturesDescriptorSet(device, descriptor_set, sampler, src_view_handle,
-                                                   src_stencil_handle);
-                } else {
-                    descriptor_set = one_texture_descriptor_allocator.Commit();
-                    UpdateOneTextureDescriptorSet(device, descriptor_set, sampler, src_view_handle);
-                }
-                cmdbuf.BindPipeline(VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, pipeline);
-                cmdbuf.BindDescriptorSets(VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, layout, 0, descriptor_set,
-                                          nullptr);
-                const VkViewport viewport{
-                    .x = static_cast<float>(render_area.offset.x),
-                    .y = static_cast<float>(render_area.offset.y),
-                    .width = static_cast<float>(render_area.extent.width),
-                    .height = static_cast<float>(render_area.extent.height),
-                    .minDepth = 0.0f,
-                    .maxDepth = 1.0f,
-                };
-                cmdbuf.SetViewport(0, viewport);
-                cmdbuf.SetScissor(0, render_area);
-                cmdbuf.PushConstants(layout, VK_SHADER_STAGE_FRAGMENT_BIT, push_constants);
-                cmdbuf.Draw(3, 1, 0, 0);
-                cmdbuf.EndRenderPass();
-                const VkImageMemoryBarrier post_barrier{
-                    .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_IMAGE_MEMORY_BARRIER,
-                    .pNext = nullptr,
-                    .srcAccessMask = aspect_info.post_src_access,
-                    .dstAccessMask = aspect_info.post_dst_access,
-                    .oldLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL,
-                    .newLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL,
-                    .srcQueueFamilyIndex = VK_QUEUE_FAMILY_IGNORED,
-                    .dstQueueFamilyIndex = VK_QUEUE_FAMILY_IGNORED,
-                    .image = dst,
-                    .subresourceRange = barrier_range,
-                };
-                cmdbuf.PipelineBarrier(aspect_info.post_src_stages, aspect_info.post_dst_stages, 0,
-                                       post_barrier);
-            });
-            msaa_copy_resources.push_back(MSAACopyResources{
-                .tick = scheduler.CurrentTick(),
-                .src_view = std::move(src_view),
-                .dst_view = std::move(dst_view),
-                .framebuffer = std::move(framebuffer),
-            });
-            if (copy_stencil) {
-                msaa_copy_resources.push_back(MSAACopyResources{
-                    .tick = scheduler.CurrentTick(),
-                    .src_view = std::move(src_stencil_view),
-                    .dst_view = vk::ImageView{},
-                    .framebuffer = vk::Framebuffer{},
-                });
-            }
-        }
-    }
-    scheduler.InvalidateState();
-}
-
 void BlitImageHelper::CopyMSAA(RenderPassCache& render_pass_cache, VkImage dst_image,
                               VideoCore::Surface::PixelFormat dst_format, VkImage src_image,
                               VideoCore::Surface::PixelFormat src_format, u32 num_samples,
                               std::span<const VideoCommon::ImageCopy> copies,
                               bool msaa_to_non_msaa) {
+    while (!msaa_copy_resources.empty() && scheduler.IsFree(msaa_copy_resources.front().tick)) {
+        msaa_copy_resources.pop_front();
+    }
    const auto [samples_x, samples_y] = VideoCommon::SamplesLog2(static_cast<int>(num_samples));
    const s32 scale_x = 1 << samples_x;
    const s32 scale_y = 1 << samples_y;
-    VkSampleCountFlagBits samples = SampleCountFlag(num_samples);
-    if (msaa_to_non_msaa) {
-        samples = VK_SAMPLE_COUNT_1_BIT;
-    }
+    const VkSampleCountFlagBits samples =
+        msaa_to_non_msaa ? VK_SAMPLE_COUNT_1_BIT : SampleCountFlag(num_samples);
    RenderPassKey renderpass_key{};
    renderpass_key.color_formats.fill(VideoCore::Surface::PixelFormat::Invalid);
    renderpass_key.color_formats[0] = dst_format;
@@ -1109,35 +905,149 @@ void BlitImageHelper::CopyMSAA(RenderPassCache& render_pass_cache, VkImage dst_i
        .renderpass = renderpass,
        .samples = samples,
        .msaa_to_non_msaa = msaa_to_non_msaa,
-        .format_class = FormatClass(dst_format),
-    };
-    const MSAACopyAspectInfo aspect_info{
-        .src_view_aspect = VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT,
-        .attachment_aspect = VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT,
-        .barrier_aspect = VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT,
-        .pre_src_access = VK_ACCESS_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_WRITE_BIT | VK_ACCESS_SHADER_WRITE_BIT |
-                          VK_ACCESS_TRANSFER_WRITE_BIT,
-        .pre_src_dst_access = VK_ACCESS_SHADER_READ_BIT,
-        .pre_dst_dst_access =
-            VK_ACCESS_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_READ_BIT | VK_ACCESS_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_WRITE_BIT,
-        .pre_src_stages = VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_OUTPUT_BIT |
-                          VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_COMPUTE_SHADER_BIT |
-                          VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_FRAGMENT_SHADER_BIT | VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT,
-        .pre_dst_stages =
-            VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_FRAGMENT_SHADER_BIT | VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_OUTPUT_BIT,
-        .post_src_access = VK_ACCESS_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_WRITE_BIT,
-        .post_dst_access = VK_ACCESS_SHADER_READ_BIT | VK_ACCESS_TRANSFER_READ_BIT,
-        .post_src_stages = VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_OUTPUT_BIT,
-        .post_dst_stages = VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_FRAGMENT_SHADER_BIT |
-                           VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_COMPUTE_SHADER_BIT | VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT,
    };
+    const VkPipeline pipeline = FindOrEmplaceMSAACopyPipeline(key);
+    const VkPipelineLayout layout = *msaa_copy_pipeline_layout;
+    const VkSampler sampler = *nearest_sampler;
    const VkFormat src_vk_format =
        MaxwellToVK::SurfaceFormat(device, FormatType::Optimal, true, src_format).format;
    const VkFormat dst_vk_format =
        MaxwellToVK::SurfaceFormat(device, FormatType::Optimal, true, dst_format).format;
-    CopyMSAAImpl(renderpass, FindOrEmplaceMSAACopyPipeline(key), *msaa_copy_pipeline_layout,
-                 dst_image, dst_vk_format, src_image, src_vk_format, scale_x, scale_y, copies,
-                 aspect_info, false);
+    for (const VideoCommon::ImageCopy& copy : copies) {
+        ASSERT(copy.src_subresource.base_layer == 0);
+        ASSERT(copy.src_subresource.num_layers == 1);
+        ASSERT(copy.dst_subresource.base_layer == 0);
+        ASSERT(copy.dst_subresource.num_layers == 1);
+        vk::ImageView src_view =
+            MakeMSAACopyView(device.GetLogical(), src_image, src_vk_format,
+                             static_cast<u32>(copy.src_subresource.base_level));
+        vk::ImageView dst_view =
+            MakeMSAACopyView(device.GetLogical(), dst_image, dst_vk_format,
+                             static_cast<u32>(copy.dst_subresource.base_level));
+        const VkOffset2D dst_offset{copy.dst_offset.x, copy.dst_offset.y};
+        const VkExtent2D dst_extent{copy.extent.width, copy.extent.height};
+        const VkRect2D render_area{
+            .offset = dst_offset,
+            .extent = dst_extent,
+        };
+        vk::Framebuffer framebuffer = device.GetLogical().CreateFramebuffer(VkFramebufferCreateInfo{
+            .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_FRAMEBUFFER_CREATE_INFO,
+            .pNext = nullptr,
+            .flags = 0,
+            .renderPass = renderpass,
+            .attachmentCount = 1,
+            .pAttachments = dst_view.address(),
+            .width = static_cast<u32>(dst_offset.x) + dst_extent.width,
+            .height = static_cast<u32>(dst_offset.y) + dst_extent.height,
+            .layers = 1,
+        });
+        const MSAACopyPushConstants push_constants{
+            .dst_offset = {dst_offset.x, dst_offset.y},
+            .src_offset = {copy.src_offset.x, copy.src_offset.y},
+            .scale = {scale_x, scale_y},
+        };
+        scheduler.RequestOutsideRenderPassOperationContext();
+        scheduler.Record([this, pipeline, layout, sampler, renderpass,
+                          framebuffer_handle = *framebuffer, src_view_handle = *src_view,
+                          src = src_image, dst = dst_image, render_area,
+                          push_constants](vk::CommandBuffer cmdbuf) {
+            constexpr VkImageSubresourceRange color_range{
+                .aspectMask = VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT,
+                .baseMipLevel = 0,
+                .levelCount = VK_REMAINING_MIP_LEVELS,
+                .baseArrayLayer = 0,
+                .layerCount = VK_REMAINING_ARRAY_LAYERS,
+            };
+            const std::array pre_barriers{
+                VkImageMemoryBarrier{
+                    .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_IMAGE_MEMORY_BARRIER,
+                    .pNext = nullptr,
+                    .srcAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_WRITE_BIT |
+                                     VK_ACCESS_SHADER_WRITE_BIT | VK_ACCESS_TRANSFER_WRITE_BIT,
+                    .dstAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_SHADER_READ_BIT,
+                    .oldLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL,
+                    .newLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL,
+                    .srcQueueFamilyIndex = VK_QUEUE_FAMILY_IGNORED,
+                    .dstQueueFamilyIndex = VK_QUEUE_FAMILY_IGNORED,
+                    .image = src,
+                    .subresourceRange = color_range,
+                },
+                VkImageMemoryBarrier{
+                    .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_IMAGE_MEMORY_BARRIER,
+                    .pNext = nullptr,
+                    .srcAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_WRITE_BIT |
+                                     VK_ACCESS_SHADER_WRITE_BIT | VK_ACCESS_TRANSFER_WRITE_BIT,
+                    .dstAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_READ_BIT |
+                                     VK_ACCESS_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_WRITE_BIT,
+                    .oldLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL,
+                    .newLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL,
+                    .srcQueueFamilyIndex = VK_QUEUE_FAMILY_IGNORED,
+                    .dstQueueFamilyIndex = VK_QUEUE_FAMILY_IGNORED,
+                    .image = dst,
+                    .subresourceRange = color_range,
+                },
+            };
+            cmdbuf.PipelineBarrier(VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_OUTPUT_BIT |
+                                       VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_COMPUTE_SHADER_BIT |
+                                       VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_FRAGMENT_SHADER_BIT |
+                                       VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT,
+                                   VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_FRAGMENT_SHADER_BIT |
+                                       VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_OUTPUT_BIT,
+                                   0, nullptr, nullptr, pre_barriers);
+            const VkRenderPassBeginInfo renderpass_bi{
+                .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_RENDER_PASS_BEGIN_INFO,
+                .pNext = nullptr,
+                .renderPass = renderpass,
+                .framebuffer = framebuffer_handle,
+                .renderArea = render_area,
+                .clearValueCount = 0,
+                .pClearValues = nullptr,
+            };
+            cmdbuf.BeginRenderPass(renderpass_bi, VK_SUBPASS_CONTENTS_INLINE);
+            const VkDescriptorSet descriptor_set = one_texture_descriptor_allocator.Commit();
+            UpdateOneTextureDescriptorSet(device, descriptor_set, sampler, src_view_handle);
+            cmdbuf.BindPipeline(VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, pipeline);
+            cmdbuf.BindDescriptorSets(VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, layout, 0, descriptor_set,
+                                      nullptr);
+            const VkViewport viewport{
+                .x = static_cast<float>(render_area.offset.x),
+                .y = static_cast<float>(render_area.offset.y),
+                .width = static_cast<float>(render_area.extent.width),
+                .height = static_cast<float>(render_area.extent.height),
+                .minDepth = 0.0f,
+                .maxDepth = 1.0f,
+            };
+            cmdbuf.SetViewport(0, viewport);
+            cmdbuf.SetScissor(0, render_area);
+            cmdbuf.PushConstants(layout, VK_SHADER_STAGE_FRAGMENT_BIT, push_constants);
+            cmdbuf.Draw(3, 1, 0, 0);
+            cmdbuf.EndRenderPass();
+            const VkImageMemoryBarrier post_barrier{
+                .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_IMAGE_MEMORY_BARRIER,
+                .pNext = nullptr,
+                .srcAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_WRITE_BIT,
+                .dstAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_SHADER_READ_BIT | VK_ACCESS_TRANSFER_READ_BIT,
+                .oldLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL,
+                .newLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL,
+                .srcQueueFamilyIndex = VK_QUEUE_FAMILY_IGNORED,
+                .dstQueueFamilyIndex = VK_QUEUE_FAMILY_IGNORED,
+                .image = dst,
+                .subresourceRange = color_range,
+            };
+            cmdbuf.PipelineBarrier(VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_OUTPUT_BIT,
+                                   VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_FRAGMENT_SHADER_BIT |
+                                       VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_COMPUTE_SHADER_BIT |
+                                       VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT,
+                                   0, post_barrier);
+        });
+        msaa_copy_resources.push_back(MSAACopyResources{
+            .tick = scheduler.CurrentTick(),
+            .src_view = std::move(src_view),
+            .dst_view = std::move(dst_view),
+            .framebuffer = std::move(framebuffer),
+        });
+    }
+    scheduler.InvalidateState();
 }

 void BlitImageHelper::Convert(VkPipeline pipeline, const Framebuffer* dst_framebuffer,
@@ -1469,87 +1379,6 @@ VkPipeline BlitImageHelper::FindOrEmplaceBlitColorMSAAPipeline(const BlitMSAAPip
    return *blit_msaa_color_pipelines.back();
 }

-VkPipeline BlitImageHelper::FindOrEmplaceBlitDepthStencilMSAAPipeline(
-    const BlitMSAAPipelineKey& key, bool blit_stencil) {
-    auto& keys = blit_stencil ? blit_msaa_depth_stencil_keys : blit_msaa_depth_keys;
-    auto& pipelines = blit_stencil ? blit_msaa_depth_stencil_pipelines : blit_msaa_depth_pipelines;
-    const auto it = std::ranges::find(keys, key);
-    if (it != keys.end()) {
-        return *pipelines[std::distance(keys.begin(), it)];
-    }
-    keys.push_back(key);
-    const std::array stages =
-        MakeStages(*full_screen_vert,
-                   blit_stencil ? *blit_depth_stencil_msaa_frag : *blit_depth_msaa_frag);
-    const VkPipelineMultisampleStateCreateInfo multisample_ci{
-        .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PIPELINE_MULTISAMPLE_STATE_CREATE_INFO,
-        .pNext = nullptr,
-        .flags = 0,
-        .rasterizationSamples = key.samples,
-        .sampleShadingEnable = VK_TRUE,
-        .minSampleShading = 1.0f,
-        .pSampleMask = nullptr,
-        .alphaToCoverageEnable = VK_FALSE,
-        .alphaToOneEnable = VK_FALSE,
-    };
-    const VkPipelineInputAssemblyStateCreateInfo input_assembly_ci = GetPipelineInputAssemblyStateCreateInfo(device);
-    pipelines.push_back(device.GetLogical().CreateGraphicsPipeline({
-        .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_GRAPHICS_PIPELINE_CREATE_INFO,
-        .pNext = nullptr,
-        .flags = 0,
-        .stageCount = static_cast<u32>(stages.size()),
-        .pStages = stages.data(),
-        .pVertexInputState = &PIPELINE_VERTEX_INPUT_STATE_CREATE_INFO,
-        .pInputAssemblyState = &input_assembly_ci,
-        .pTessellationState = nullptr,
-        .pViewportState = &PIPELINE_VIEWPORT_STATE_CREATE_INFO,
-        .pRasterizationState = &PIPELINE_RASTERIZATION_STATE_CREATE_INFO,
-        .pMultisampleState = &multisample_ci,
-        .pDepthStencilState = blit_stencil ? &PIPELINE_DEPTH_STENCIL_STATE_CREATE_INFO
-                                           : &PIPELINE_DEPTH_ONLY_STATE_CREATE_INFO,
-        .pColorBlendState = &PIPELINE_COLOR_BLEND_STATE_EMPTY_CREATE_INFO,
-        .pDynamicState = &PIPELINE_DYNAMIC_STATE_CREATE_INFO,
-        .layout = blit_stencil ? *two_textures_pipeline_layout : *one_texture_pipeline_layout,
-        .renderPass = key.renderpass,
-        .subpass = 0,
-        .basePipelineHandle = VK_NULL_HANDLE,
-        .basePipelineIndex = 0,
-    }));
-    return *pipelines.back();
-}
-
-VkPipeline BlitImageHelper::FindOrEmplaceBlitDepthPipeline(VkRenderPass renderpass) {
-    const auto it = std::ranges::find(blit_depth_keys, renderpass);
-    if (it != blit_depth_keys.end()) {
-        return *blit_depth_pipelines[std::distance(blit_depth_keys.begin(), it)];
-    }
-    blit_depth_keys.push_back(renderpass);
-    const std::array stages = MakeStages(*full_screen_vert, *blit_depth_frag);
-    const VkPipelineInputAssemblyStateCreateInfo input_assembly_ci = GetPipelineInputAssemblyStateCreateInfo(device);
-    blit_depth_pipelines.push_back(device.GetLogical().CreateGraphicsPipeline({
-        .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_GRAPHICS_PIPELINE_CREATE_INFO,
-        .pNext = nullptr,
-        .flags = 0,
-        .stageCount = static_cast<u32>(stages.size()),
-        .pStages = stages.data(),
-        .pVertexInputState = &PIPELINE_VERTEX_INPUT_STATE_CREATE_INFO,
-        .pInputAssemblyState = &input_assembly_ci,
-        .pTessellationState = nullptr,
-        .pViewportState = &PIPELINE_VIEWPORT_STATE_CREATE_INFO,
-        .pRasterizationState = &PIPELINE_RASTERIZATION_STATE_CREATE_INFO,
-        .pMultisampleState = &PIPELINE_MULTISAMPLE_STATE_CREATE_INFO,
-        .pDepthStencilState = &PIPELINE_DEPTH_ONLY_STATE_CREATE_INFO,
-        .pColorBlendState = &PIPELINE_COLOR_BLEND_STATE_EMPTY_CREATE_INFO,
-        .pDynamicState = &PIPELINE_DYNAMIC_STATE_CREATE_INFO,
-        .layout = *one_texture_pipeline_layout,
-        .renderPass = renderpass,
-        .subpass = 0,
-        .basePipelineHandle = VK_NULL_HANDLE,
-        .basePipelineIndex = 0,
-    }));
-    return *blit_depth_pipelines.back();
-}
-
 VkPipeline BlitImageHelper::FindOrEmplaceResolveDepthStencilPipeline(VkRenderPass renderpass,
                                                                     bool resolve_stencil) {
    auto& keys = resolve_stencil ? resolve_depth_stencil_keys : resolve_depth_keys;
@@ -1588,83 +1417,15 @@ VkPipeline BlitImageHelper::FindOrEmplaceResolveDepthStencilPipeline(VkRenderPas
    return *pipelines.back();
 }

-void BlitImageHelper::CopyMSAADepth(RenderPassCache& render_pass_cache, VkImage dst_image,
-                                    VideoCore::Surface::PixelFormat dst_format, VkImage src_image,
-                                    VideoCore::Surface::PixelFormat src_format, u32 num_samples,
-                                    std::span<const VideoCommon::ImageCopy> copies,
-                                    bool copy_stencil, bool msaa_to_non_msaa) {
-    const auto [samples_x, samples_y] = VideoCommon::SamplesLog2(static_cast<int>(num_samples));
-    const s32 scale_x = 1 << samples_x;
-    const s32 scale_y = 1 << samples_y;
-    VkSampleCountFlagBits samples = SampleCountFlag(num_samples);
-    if (msaa_to_non_msaa) {
-        samples = VK_SAMPLE_COUNT_1_BIT;
-    }
-    RenderPassKey renderpass_key{};
-    renderpass_key.color_formats.fill(VideoCore::Surface::PixelFormat::Invalid);
-    renderpass_key.depth_format = dst_format;
-    renderpass_key.samples = samples;
-    const VkRenderPass renderpass = render_pass_cache.Get(renderpass_key);
-    const MSAACopyPipelineKey key{
-        .renderpass = renderpass,
-        .samples = samples,
-        .msaa_to_non_msaa = msaa_to_non_msaa,
-        .format_class = MSAACopyFormatClass::Float,
-    };
-    VkImageAspectFlags attachment_aspect = VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_DEPTH_BIT;
-    if (VideoCore::Surface::GetFormatType(dst_format) ==
-        VideoCore::Surface::SurfaceType::DepthStencil) {
-        attachment_aspect |= VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_STENCIL_BIT;
-    }
-    VkPipelineLayout layout = *msaa_copy_pipeline_layout;
-    if (copy_stencil) {
-        layout = *msaa_copy_depth_stencil_pipeline_layout;
-    }
-    const MSAACopyAspectInfo aspect_info{
-        .src_view_aspect = VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_DEPTH_BIT,
-        .attachment_aspect = attachment_aspect,
-        .barrier_aspect = attachment_aspect,
-        .pre_src_access =
-            VK_ACCESS_DEPTH_STENCIL_ATTACHMENT_WRITE_BIT | VK_ACCESS_TRANSFER_WRITE_BIT,
-        .pre_src_dst_access = VK_ACCESS_SHADER_READ_BIT,
-        .pre_dst_dst_access = VK_ACCESS_DEPTH_STENCIL_ATTACHMENT_READ_BIT |
-                              VK_ACCESS_DEPTH_STENCIL_ATTACHMENT_WRITE_BIT,
-        .pre_src_stages = VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_EARLY_FRAGMENT_TESTS_BIT |
-                          VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_LATE_FRAGMENT_TESTS_BIT |
-                          VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT,
-        .pre_dst_stages =
-            VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_FRAGMENT_SHADER_BIT | VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_EARLY_FRAGMENT_TESTS_BIT,
-        .post_src_access = VK_ACCESS_DEPTH_STENCIL_ATTACHMENT_WRITE_BIT,
-        .post_dst_access = VK_ACCESS_SHADER_READ_BIT | VK_ACCESS_TRANSFER_READ_BIT |
-                           VK_ACCESS_DEPTH_STENCIL_ATTACHMENT_READ_BIT,
-        .post_src_stages = VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_LATE_FRAGMENT_TESTS_BIT,
-        .post_dst_stages = vk::PIPELINE_STAGE_GRAPHICS_COMPUTE_TRANSFER,
-    };
-    const VkFormat src_vk_format =
-        MaxwellToVK::SurfaceFormat(device, FormatType::Optimal, true, src_format).format;
-    const VkFormat dst_vk_format =
-        MaxwellToVK::SurfaceFormat(device, FormatType::Optimal, true, dst_format).format;
-    CopyMSAAImpl(renderpass, FindOrEmplaceMSAACopyDepthPipeline(key, copy_stencil), layout,
-                 dst_image, dst_vk_format, src_image, src_vk_format, scale_x, scale_y, copies,
-                 aspect_info, copy_stencil);
-}
-
 VkPipeline BlitImageHelper::FindOrEmplaceMSAACopyPipeline(const MSAACopyPipelineKey& key) {
    const auto it = std::ranges::find(msaa_copy_keys, key);
    if (it != msaa_copy_keys.end()) {
        return *msaa_copy_pipelines[std::distance(msaa_copy_keys.begin(), it)];
    }
    msaa_copy_keys.push_back(key);
-    VkShaderModule frag_module = key.msaa_to_non_msaa ? *convert_msaa_to_non_msaa_frag
-                                                     : *convert_non_msaa_to_msaa_frag;
-    if (key.format_class == MSAACopyFormatClass::SignedInteger) {
-        frag_module = key.msaa_to_non_msaa ? *convert_msaa_to_non_msaa_sint_frag
-                                           : *convert_non_msaa_to_msaa_sint_frag;
-    } else if (key.format_class == MSAACopyFormatClass::UnsignedInteger) {
-        frag_module = key.msaa_to_non_msaa ? *convert_msaa_to_non_msaa_uint_frag
-                                           : *convert_non_msaa_to_msaa_uint_frag;
-    }
-    const std::array stages = MakeStages(*clear_color_vert, frag_module);
+    const std::array stages = MakeStages(*clear_color_vert, key.msaa_to_non_msaa
+                                                                ? *convert_msaa_to_non_msaa_frag
+                                                                : *convert_non_msaa_to_msaa_frag);
    const VkPipelineMultisampleStateCreateInfo multisample_ci{
        .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PIPELINE_MULTISAMPLE_STATE_CREATE_INFO,
        .pNext = nullptr,
@@ -1701,85 +1462,6 @@ VkPipeline BlitImageHelper::FindOrEmplaceMSAACopyPipeline(const MSAACopyPipeline
    return *msaa_copy_pipelines.back();
 }

-VkPipeline BlitImageHelper::FindOrEmplaceMSAACopyDepthPipeline(const MSAACopyPipelineKey& key,
-                                                               bool copy_stencil) {
-    auto& keys = copy_stencil ? msaa_copy_depth_stencil_keys : msaa_copy_depth_keys;
-    auto& pipelines = copy_stencil ? msaa_copy_depth_stencil_pipelines : msaa_copy_depth_pipelines;
-    const auto it = std::ranges::find(keys, key);
-    if (it != keys.end()) {
-        return *pipelines[std::distance(keys.begin(), it)];
-    }
-    keys.push_back(key);
-    VkShaderModule frag_module;
-    if (key.msaa_to_non_msaa) {
-        frag_module = copy_stencil ? *convert_msaa_to_non_msaa_depth_stencil_frag
-                                   : *convert_msaa_to_non_msaa_depth_frag;
-    } else {
-        frag_module = copy_stencil ? *convert_non_msaa_to_msaa_depth_stencil_frag
-                                   : *convert_non_msaa_to_msaa_depth_frag;
-    }
-    const std::array stages = MakeStages(*clear_color_vert, frag_module);
-    const VkPipelineMultisampleStateCreateInfo multisample_ci{
-        .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PIPELINE_MULTISAMPLE_STATE_CREATE_INFO,
-        .pNext = nullptr,
-        .flags = 0,
-        .rasterizationSamples = key.samples,
-        .sampleShadingEnable = key.msaa_to_non_msaa ? VK_FALSE : VK_TRUE,
-        .minSampleShading = key.msaa_to_non_msaa ? 0.0f : 1.0f,
-        .pSampleMask = nullptr,
-        .alphaToCoverageEnable = VK_FALSE,
-        .alphaToOneEnable = VK_FALSE,
-    };
-    static constexpr VkStencilOpState REPLACE_STENCIL_OP{
-        .failOp = VK_STENCIL_OP_REPLACE,
-        .passOp = VK_STENCIL_OP_REPLACE,
-        .depthFailOp = VK_STENCIL_OP_REPLACE,
-        .compareOp = VK_COMPARE_OP_ALWAYS,
-        .compareMask = 0xFF,
-        .writeMask = 0xFF,
-        .reference = 0,
-    };
-    const VkPipelineDepthStencilStateCreateInfo depth_stencil_ci{
-        .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PIPELINE_DEPTH_STENCIL_STATE_CREATE_INFO,
-        .pNext = nullptr,
-        .flags = 0,
-        .depthTestEnable = VK_TRUE,
-        .depthWriteEnable = VK_TRUE,
-        .depthCompareOp = VK_COMPARE_OP_ALWAYS,
-        .depthBoundsTestEnable = VK_FALSE,
-        .stencilTestEnable = copy_stencil ? VK_TRUE : VK_FALSE,
-        .front = copy_stencil ? REPLACE_STENCIL_OP : VkStencilOpState{},
-        .back = copy_stencil ? REPLACE_STENCIL_OP : VkStencilOpState{},
-        .minDepthBounds = 0.0f,
-        .maxDepthBounds = 0.0f,
-    };
-    const VkPipelineInputAssemblyStateCreateInfo input_assembly_ci =
-        GetPipelineInputAssemblyStateCreateInfo(device);
-    pipelines.push_back(device.GetLogical().CreateGraphicsPipeline({
-        .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_GRAPHICS_PIPELINE_CREATE_INFO,
-        .pNext = nullptr,
-        .flags = 0,
-        .stageCount = static_cast<u32>(stages.size()),
-        .pStages = stages.data(),
-        .pVertexInputState = &PIPELINE_VERTEX_INPUT_STATE_CREATE_INFO,
-        .pInputAssemblyState = &input_assembly_ci,
-        .pTessellationState = nullptr,
-        .pViewportState = &PIPELINE_VIEWPORT_STATE_CREATE_INFO,
-        .pRasterizationState = &PIPELINE_RASTERIZATION_STATE_CREATE_INFO,
-        .pMultisampleState = &multisample_ci,
-        .pDepthStencilState = &depth_stencil_ci,
-        .pColorBlendState = &PIPELINE_COLOR_BLEND_STATE_EMPTY_CREATE_INFO,
-        .pDynamicState = &PIPELINE_DYNAMIC_STATE_CREATE_INFO,
-        .layout = copy_stencil ? *msaa_copy_depth_stencil_pipeline_layout
-                               : *msaa_copy_pipeline_layout,
-        .renderPass = key.renderpass,
-        .subpass = 0,
-        .basePipelineHandle = VK_NULL_HANDLE,
-        .basePipelineIndex = 0,
-    }));
-    return *pipelines.back();
-}
-
 void BlitImageHelper::ConvertDepthToColorPipeline(vk::Pipeline& pipeline, VkRenderPass renderpass) {
    ConvertPipeline(pipeline, renderpass, false);
 }
@@ -45,19 +45,12 @@ struct BlitDepthStencilPipelineKey {
    u32 stencil_ref;
 };

-enum class MSAACopyFormatClass : u32 {
-    Float,
-    SignedInteger,
-    UnsignedInteger,
-};
-
 struct MSAACopyPipelineKey {
    constexpr auto operator<=>(const MSAACopyPipelineKey&) const noexcept = default;

    VkRenderPass renderpass;
    VkSampleCountFlagBits samples;
    bool msaa_to_non_msaa;
-    MSAACopyFormatClass format_class;
 };

 struct BlitMSAAPipelineKey {
@@ -85,12 +78,6 @@ public:
    void BlitColorMSAA(const Framebuffer* dst_framebuffer, const ImageView& src_image_view,
                       const Region2D& dst_region, const Region2D& src_region);

-    void BlitDepthStencilMSAA(const Framebuffer* dst_framebuffer, ImageView& src_image_view,
-                              const Region2D& dst_region, const Region2D& src_region);
-
-    void BlitDepth(const Framebuffer* dst_framebuffer, ImageView& src_image_view,
-                   const Region2D& dst_region, const Region2D& src_region);
-
    void ResolveDepthStencil(const Framebuffer* dst_framebuffer, ImageView& src_image_view,
                             const Region2D& dst_region, const Region2D& src_region);

@@ -129,39 +116,7 @@ public:
                  VideoCore::Surface::PixelFormat src_format, u32 num_samples,
                  std::span<const VideoCommon::ImageCopy> copies, bool msaa_to_non_msaa);

-    void CopyMSAADepth(RenderPassCache& render_pass_cache, VkImage dst_image,
-                       VideoCore::Surface::PixelFormat dst_format, VkImage src_image,
-                       VideoCore::Surface::PixelFormat src_format, u32 num_samples,
-                       std::span<const VideoCommon::ImageCopy> copies, bool copy_stencil,
-                       bool msaa_to_non_msaa);
-
 private:
-    struct MSAACopyAspectInfo {
-        VkImageAspectFlags src_view_aspect;
-        VkImageAspectFlags attachment_aspect;
-        VkImageAspectFlags barrier_aspect;
-        VkAccessFlags pre_src_access;
-        VkAccessFlags pre_src_dst_access;
-        VkAccessFlags pre_dst_dst_access;
-        VkPipelineStageFlags pre_src_stages;
-        VkPipelineStageFlags pre_dst_stages;
-        VkAccessFlags post_src_access;
-        VkAccessFlags post_dst_access;
-        VkPipelineStageFlags post_src_stages;
-        VkPipelineStageFlags post_dst_stages;
-    };
-
-    void BlitImpl(const Framebuffer* dst_framebuffer, const ImageView& src_image_view,
-                  const Region2D& dst_region, const Region2D& src_region, VkPipeline pipeline,
-                  VkSampler sampler, VkImageView src_view, VkImageView src_stencil_view,
-                  bool blit_stencil);
-
-    void CopyMSAAImpl(VkRenderPass renderpass, VkPipeline pipeline, VkPipelineLayout layout,
-                      VkImage dst_image, VkFormat dst_vk_format, VkImage src_image,
-                      VkFormat src_vk_format, s32 scale_x, s32 scale_y,
-                      std::span<const VideoCommon::ImageCopy> copies,
-                      const MSAACopyAspectInfo& aspect_info, bool copy_stencil);
-
    void Convert(VkPipeline pipeline, const Framebuffer* dst_framebuffer,
                 const ImageView& src_image_view);

@@ -176,13 +131,7 @@ private:
    [[nodiscard]] VkPipeline FindOrEmplaceClearStencilPipeline(
        const BlitDepthStencilPipelineKey& key);
    [[nodiscard]] VkPipeline FindOrEmplaceMSAACopyPipeline(const MSAACopyPipelineKey& key);
-
-    [[nodiscard]] VkPipeline FindOrEmplaceMSAACopyDepthPipeline(const MSAACopyPipelineKey& key,
-                                                                bool copy_stencil);
    [[nodiscard]] VkPipeline FindOrEmplaceBlitColorMSAAPipeline(const BlitMSAAPipelineKey& key);
-    [[nodiscard]] VkPipeline FindOrEmplaceBlitDepthStencilMSAAPipeline(
-        const BlitMSAAPipelineKey& key, bool blit_stencil);
-    [[nodiscard]] VkPipeline FindOrEmplaceBlitDepthPipeline(VkRenderPass renderpass);
    [[nodiscard]] VkPipeline FindOrEmplaceResolveDepthStencilPipeline(VkRenderPass renderpass,
                                                                      bool resolve_stencil);

@@ -213,12 +162,10 @@ private:
    vk::PipelineLayout two_textures_pipeline_layout;
    vk::PipelineLayout clear_color_pipeline_layout;
    vk::PipelineLayout msaa_copy_pipeline_layout;
-    vk::PipelineLayout msaa_copy_depth_stencil_pipeline_layout;
    vk::ShaderModule full_screen_vert;
    vk::ShaderModule blit_color_to_color_frag;
    vk::ShaderModule blit_color_msaa_frag;
    vk::ShaderModule blit_depth_stencil_frag;
-    vk::ShaderModule blit_depth_frag;
    vk::ShaderModule blit_depth_msaa_frag;
    vk::ShaderModule blit_depth_stencil_msaa_frag;
    vk::ShaderModule clear_color_vert;
@@ -232,15 +179,7 @@ private:
    vk::ShaderModule convert_d24s8_to_abgr8_frag;
    vk::ShaderModule convert_s8d24_to_abgr8_frag;
    vk::ShaderModule convert_msaa_to_non_msaa_frag;
-    vk::ShaderModule convert_msaa_to_non_msaa_sint_frag;
-    vk::ShaderModule convert_msaa_to_non_msaa_uint_frag;
-    vk::ShaderModule convert_msaa_to_non_msaa_depth_frag;
-    vk::ShaderModule convert_msaa_to_non_msaa_depth_stencil_frag;
    vk::ShaderModule convert_non_msaa_to_msaa_frag;
-    vk::ShaderModule convert_non_msaa_to_msaa_sint_frag;
-    vk::ShaderModule convert_non_msaa_to_msaa_uint_frag;
-    vk::ShaderModule convert_non_msaa_to_msaa_depth_frag;
-    vk::ShaderModule convert_non_msaa_to_msaa_depth_stencil_frag;
    vk::Sampler linear_sampler;
    vk::Sampler nearest_sampler;

@@ -254,18 +193,8 @@ private:
    std::vector<vk::Pipeline> clear_stencil_pipelines;
    std::vector<MSAACopyPipelineKey> msaa_copy_keys;
    std::vector<vk::Pipeline> msaa_copy_pipelines;
-    std::vector<MSAACopyPipelineKey> msaa_copy_depth_keys;
-    std::vector<vk::Pipeline> msaa_copy_depth_pipelines;
-    std::vector<MSAACopyPipelineKey> msaa_copy_depth_stencil_keys;
-    std::vector<vk::Pipeline> msaa_copy_depth_stencil_pipelines;
    std::vector<BlitMSAAPipelineKey> blit_msaa_color_keys;
    std::vector<vk::Pipeline> blit_msaa_color_pipelines;
-    std::vector<VkRenderPass> blit_depth_keys;
-    std::vector<vk::Pipeline> blit_depth_pipelines;
-    std::vector<BlitMSAAPipelineKey> blit_msaa_depth_keys;
-    std::vector<vk::Pipeline> blit_msaa_depth_pipelines;
-    std::vector<BlitMSAAPipelineKey> blit_msaa_depth_stencil_keys;
-    std::vector<vk::Pipeline> blit_msaa_depth_stencil_pipelines;
    std::vector<VkRenderPass> resolve_depth_keys;
    std::vector<vk::Pipeline> resolve_depth_pipelines;
    std::vector<VkRenderPass> resolve_depth_stencil_keys;
@@ -370,9 +370,20 @@ inline void PushImageDescriptors(TextureCache& texture_cache,
                const VkImageView null_image_view{texture_cache.GetImageView(VideoCommon::NULL_IMAGE_VIEW_ID).Handle(desc.type)};
                if (null_image_view != VK_NULL_HANDLE) vk_image_view = null_image_view;
            }
-            Sampler& sampler{texture_cache.GetSampler(sampler_id)};
-            guest_descriptor_queue.AddSampledImage(vk_image_view,
-                                                   sampler.HandleFor(image_view, desc.is_depth));
+            const Sampler& sampler{texture_cache.GetSampler(sampler_id)};
+            const bool use_fallback_sampler{sampler.HasAddedAnisotropy() &&
+                                            !image_view.SupportsAnisotropy()};
+            VkSampler vk_sampler{use_fallback_sampler ? sampler.HandleWithDefaultAnisotropy()
+                                                      : sampler.Handle()};
+            if (sampler.HasLinearFiltering() &&
+                VideoCore::Surface::IsPixelFormatInteger(image_view.format)) {
+                vk_sampler = sampler.HandleWithNearestFilter();
+            }
+            if (desc.is_depth && sampler.HasDepthComparison() &&
+                !image_view.SupportsDepthComparison()) {
+                vk_sampler = sampler.HandleWithoutDepthComparison();
+            }
+            guest_descriptor_queue.AddSampledImage(vk_image_view, vk_sampler);
            const bool element_rescaled{texture_cache.IsRescaling(image_view)};
            is_rescaled |= element_rescaled;
        }
@@ -1,8 +1,6 @@
 // SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2026 Eden Emulator Project
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later

-#include <algorithm>
-
 #include "common/common_types.h"
 #include "common/div_ceil.h"
 #include "common/settings.h"
@@ -19,7 +17,7 @@

 namespace Vulkan {

-using PushConstants = std::array<u32, 4 + 2 + 2 + 1>;
+using PushConstants = std::array<u32, 4 + 2 + 1>;

 SGSR::SGSR(const Device& device, MemoryAllocator& memory_allocator, size_t image_count, VkExtent2D extent, bool edge_dir)
    : m_memory_allocator{memory_allocator}
@@ -102,28 +100,26 @@ VkImageView SGSR::Draw(const Device& device, Scheduler& scheduler, size_t image_

    const f32 input_image_width = f32(input_image_extent.width);
    const f32 input_image_height = f32(input_image_extent.height);
-    const f32 crop_width = (crop_rect.right - crop_rect.left) * input_image_width;
-    const f32 crop_height = (crop_rect.bottom - crop_rect.top) * input_image_height;
-    static constexpr f32 EDGE_SHARPNESS_MAX = 2.0f;
-    const f32 edge_sharpness =
-        EDGE_SHARPNESS_MAX - f32(Settings::values.fsr_sharpening_slider.GetValue()) / 200.0f;
+    const f32 viewport_width = (crop_rect.right - crop_rect.left) * input_image_width;
+    const f32 viewport_height = (crop_rect.bottom - crop_rect.top) * input_image_height;
+    // expected [0, 2]
+    const f32 sharpening = f32(Settings::values.fsr_sharpening_slider.GetValue()) / 100.0f;

+    // p = (tex * viewport) / input = [0,n] (normalized texcoords)
+    // p * input = [0,1024], [0,768]
    // layout( push_constant ) uniform constants {
    //     highp vec4 ViewportInfo[1];
    //     highp vec2 ResizeFactor;
-    //     highp vec2 CropOffset;
    //     highp float EdgeSharpness;
    // };
    PushConstants viewport_con{};
-    viewport_con[0] = std::bit_cast<u32>(1.f / input_image_width);
-    viewport_con[1] = std::bit_cast<u32>(1.f / input_image_height);
-    viewport_con[2] = std::bit_cast<u32>(input_image_width);
-    viewport_con[3] = std::bit_cast<u32>(input_image_height);
-    viewport_con[4] = std::bit_cast<u32>(crop_width / input_image_width);
-    viewport_con[5] = std::bit_cast<u32>(crop_height / input_image_height);
-    viewport_con[6] = std::bit_cast<u32>((std::min)(crop_rect.left, crop_rect.right));
-    viewport_con[7] = std::bit_cast<u32>((std::min)(crop_rect.top, crop_rect.bottom));
-    viewport_con[8] = std::bit_cast<u32>(edge_sharpness);
+    viewport_con[0] = std::bit_cast<u32>(std::abs(1.f / viewport_width));
+    viewport_con[1] = std::bit_cast<u32>(std::abs(1.f / viewport_height));
+    viewport_con[2] = std::bit_cast<u32>(std::abs(viewport_width));
+    viewport_con[3] = std::bit_cast<u32>(std::abs(viewport_height));
+    viewport_con[4] = std::bit_cast<u32>(viewport_width / input_image_width);
+    viewport_con[5] = std::bit_cast<u32>(viewport_height / input_image_height);
+    viewport_con[6] = std::bit_cast<u32>(sharpening);

    UploadImages(device, scheduler);
    UpdateDescriptorSets(device, source_image_view, image_index);
@@ -404,8 +404,6 @@ PipelineCache::PipelineCache(Tegra::MaxwellDeviceMemoryManager& device_memory_,
            device.IsWorkgroupMemoryExplicitLayout8BitAccessSupported(),
        .support_workgroup_layout_16bit_access =
            device.IsWorkgroupMemoryExplicitLayout16BitAccessSupported(),
-        .support_shader_quad_control = device.IsKhrShaderQuadControlSupported(),
-        .support_quad_shuffles = device.IsSubgroupFeatureSupported(VK_SUBGROUP_FEATURE_QUAD_BIT),
        .support_vote = device.IsSubgroupFeatureSupported(VK_SUBGROUP_FEATURE_VOTE_BIT),
        .supported_subgroup_stages = supported_subgroup_stages,
        .support_viewport_index_layer_non_geometry =
@@ -446,7 +444,6 @@ PipelineCache::PipelineCache(Tegra::MaxwellDeviceMemoryManager& device_memory_,
        .has_broken_unsigned_image_offsets = false,
        .has_broken_signed_operations = false,
        .has_broken_fp16_float_controls = driver_id == VK_DRIVER_ID_NVIDIA_PROPRIETARY,
-        .has_broken_fp32_denorm_flush = driver_id == VK_DRIVER_ID_QUALCOMM_PROPRIETARY,
        .ignore_nan_fp_comparisons = false,
        .has_broken_spirv_subgroup_mask_vector_extract_dynamic = false,
        .has_broken_robust =
@@ -424,12 +424,24 @@ void RasterizerVulkan::Clear(u32 layer_count) {
    const bool ds_deferrable =
        !ds_used || ((!framebuffer->HasAspectDepthBit() || use_depth) &&
                     (!framebuffer->HasAspectStencilBit() || use_stencil) && !stencil_partial);
+    const bool can_defer_clear = ENABLE_DEFERRED_CLEAR && !regs.clear_control.use_scissor &&
+                                 regs.clear_surface.layer == 0 &&
+                                 !scheduler.IsRenderPassActive() &&
+                                 (!use_color || color_full_channels) && ds_deferrable;
+    if (!can_defer_clear) {
+        scheduler.RequestRenderpass(framebuffer);
+    }
+
+    query_cache.NotifySegment(true);
+    query_cache.CounterEnable(VideoCommon::QueryType::ZPassPixelCount64, maxwell3d->regs.zpass_pixel_count_enable);
    u32 up_scale = 1;
    u32 down_shift = 0;
    if (texture_cache.IsRescaling()) {
        up_scale = Settings::values.resolution_info.up_scale;
        down_shift = Settings::values.resolution_info.down_shift;
    }
+    UpdateViewportsState(regs);
+
    VkRect2D default_scissor{};
    default_scissor.offset.x = 0;
    default_scissor.offset.y = 0;
@@ -485,22 +497,6 @@ void RasterizerVulkan::Clear(u32 layer_count) {
        return;
    }

-    const bool clear_covers_render_area =
-        clear_rect.rect.offset.x == 0 && clear_rect.rect.offset.y == 0 &&
-        clear_rect.rect.extent.width >= render_area.width &&
-        clear_rect.rect.extent.height >= render_area.height;
-    const bool can_defer_clear = ENABLE_DEFERRED_CLEAR && (!regs.clear_control.use_scissor || clear_covers_render_area) &&
-                                 regs.clear_surface.layer == 0 &&
-                                 !scheduler.IsRenderPassActive() &&
-                                 (!use_color || color_full_channels) && ds_deferrable;
-    if (!can_defer_clear) {
-        scheduler.RequestRenderpass(framebuffer);
-    }
-
-    query_cache.NotifySegment(true);
-    query_cache.CounterEnable(VideoCommon::QueryType::ZPassPixelCount64, maxwell3d->regs.zpass_pixel_count_enable);
-    UpdateViewportsState(regs);
-
    const u32 color_attachment = regs.clear_surface.RT;
    if (use_color && framebuffer->HasAspectColorBit(color_attachment)) {
        const auto format = VideoCore::Surface::PixelFormatFromRenderTargetFormat(regs.rt[color_attachment].format);
@@ -65,72 +65,8 @@ using VideoCore::Surface::SurfaceType;
                .finalLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL,
            };
        }
-
-        struct ResolveAspects {
-            bool depth;
-            bool stencil;
-        };
-
-        struct ResolveModes {
-            VkResolveModeFlagBits depth;
-            VkResolveModeFlagBits stencil;
-        };
-
-        constexpr ResolveAspects GetResolveAspects(PixelFormat format) {
-            const SurfaceType surface_type = GetSurfaceType(format);
-            return ResolveAspects{
-                .depth = surface_type == SurfaceType::Depth ||
-                         surface_type == SurfaceType::DepthStencil,
-                .stencil = surface_type == SurfaceType::Stencil ||
-                           surface_type == SurfaceType::DepthStencil,
-            };
-        }
-
-        ResolveModes PickResolveModes(const Device& device, PixelFormat format) {
-            constexpr VkResolveModeFlagBits mode = VK_RESOLVE_MODE_SAMPLE_ZERO_BIT;
-
-            const ResolveAspects aspects = GetResolveAspects(format);
-            const bool depth_mode_supported = (device.GetDepthResolveModes() & mode) != 0;
-            const bool stencil_mode_supported = (device.GetStencilResolveModes() & mode) != 0;
-
-            ResolveModes modes{
-                .depth = VK_RESOLVE_MODE_NONE,
-                .stencil = VK_RESOLVE_MODE_NONE,
-            };
-            if (aspects.depth && depth_mode_supported) {
-                modes.depth = mode;
-            }
-            if (aspects.stencil && stencil_mode_supported) {
-                modes.stencil = mode;
-            }
-            if (modes.depth == modes.stencil || device.SupportsIndependentResolveNone()) {
-                return modes;
-            }
-            if (modes.depth != VK_RESOLVE_MODE_NONE && stencil_mode_supported) {
-                modes.stencil = mode;
-            } else if (modes.stencil != VK_RESOLVE_MODE_NONE && depth_mode_supported) {
-                modes.depth = mode;
-            }
-            return modes;
-        }
    } // Anonymous namespace

-bool SupportsDepthStencilResolve(const Device& device, PixelFormat depth_format) {
-    if (depth_format == PixelFormat::Invalid || !device.IsKhrDepthStencilResolveSupported()) {
-        return false;
-    }
-    const ResolveAspects aspects = GetResolveAspects(depth_format);
-    if (!aspects.depth && !aspects.stencil) {
-        return false;
-    }
-    const ResolveModes modes = PickResolveModes(device, depth_format);
-    if ((aspects.depth && modes.depth == VK_RESOLVE_MODE_NONE) ||
-        (aspects.stencil && modes.stencil == VK_RESOLVE_MODE_NONE)) {
-        return false;
-    }
-    return modes.depth == modes.stencil || device.SupportsIndependentResolveNone();
-}
-
 RenderPassCache::RenderPassCache(const Device& device_) : device{&device_} {}

 VkRenderPass RenderPassCache::Get(const RenderPassKey& key) {
@@ -139,9 +75,7 @@ VkRenderPass RenderPassCache::Get(const RenderPassKey& key) {
    if (!is_new) {
        return *pair->second;
    }
-    static constexpr size_t MAX_ATTACHMENTS =
-        2 * std::tuple_size_v<decltype(RenderPassKey::color_formats)> + 2;
-    boost::container::static_vector<VkAttachmentDescription, MAX_ATTACHMENTS> descriptions;
+    boost::container::static_vector<VkAttachmentDescription, 9> descriptions;
    std::array<VkAttachmentReference, 8> references{};
    u32 num_attachments{};
    u32 num_colors{};
@@ -175,11 +109,8 @@ VkRenderPass RenderPassCache::Get(const RenderPassKey& key) {
        const VkAttachmentLoadOp depth_load_op = key.depth_stencil_clear
                                                     ? VK_ATTACHMENT_LOAD_OP_CLEAR
                                                     : VK_ATTACHMENT_LOAD_OP_LOAD;
-        const VkAttachmentStoreOp depth_store_op = key.depth_stencil_discard
-                                                       ? VK_ATTACHMENT_STORE_OP_DONT_CARE
-                                                       : VK_ATTACHMENT_STORE_OP_STORE;
        descriptions.push_back(AttachmentDescription(*device, key.depth_format, key.samples,
-                                                     depth_load_op, depth_store_op));
+                                                     depth_load_op, VK_ATTACHMENT_STORE_OP_STORE));
    }
    std::array<VkAttachmentReference, 8> resolve_references{};
    const bool do_resolve_color =
@@ -202,21 +133,6 @@ VkRenderPass RenderPassCache::Get(const RenderPassKey& key) {
            }
        }
    }
-    const bool do_resolve_depth_stencil = key.resolve_depth_stencil && has_depth &&
-                                          key.samples != VK_SAMPLE_COUNT_1_BIT &&
-                                          SupportsDepthStencilResolve(*device, key.depth_format);
-    VkAttachmentReference depth_resolve_reference{};
-    if (do_resolve_depth_stencil) {
-        depth_resolve_reference = VkAttachmentReference{
-            .attachment = static_cast<u32>(descriptions.size()),
-            .layout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL,
-        };
-        VkAttachmentDescription resolve_desc =
-            AttachmentDescription(*device, key.depth_format, VK_SAMPLE_COUNT_1_BIT,
-                                  VK_ATTACHMENT_LOAD_OP_DONT_CARE, VK_ATTACHMENT_STORE_OP_STORE);
-        resolve_desc.initialLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_UNDEFINED;
-        descriptions.push_back(resolve_desc);
-    }
    const VkSubpassDescription subpass{
        .flags = 0,
        .pipelineBindPoint = VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS,
@@ -241,92 +157,6 @@ VkRenderPass RenderPassCache::Get(const RenderPassKey& key) {
            .dstAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_SHADER_READ_BIT,
            .dependencyFlags = VK_DEPENDENCY_BY_REGION_BIT
    };
-
-    if (device->IsKhrCreateRenderPass2Supported()) {
-        boost::container::static_vector<VkAttachmentDescription2, MAX_ATTACHMENTS> descriptions2;
-        for (const VkAttachmentDescription& description : descriptions) {
-            descriptions2.push_back(VkAttachmentDescription2{
-                .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_ATTACHMENT_DESCRIPTION_2,
-                .pNext = nullptr,
-                .flags = description.flags,
-                .format = description.format,
-                .samples = description.samples,
-                .loadOp = description.loadOp,
-                .storeOp = description.storeOp,
-                .stencilLoadOp = description.stencilLoadOp,
-                .stencilStoreOp = description.stencilStoreOp,
-                .initialLayout = description.initialLayout,
-                .finalLayout = description.finalLayout,
-            });
-        }
-        const auto promote = [](const VkAttachmentReference& reference) {
-            return VkAttachmentReference2{
-                .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_ATTACHMENT_REFERENCE_2,
-                .pNext = nullptr,
-                .attachment = reference.attachment,
-                .layout = reference.layout,
-                .aspectMask = 0,
-            };
-        };
-        std::array<VkAttachmentReference2, 8> references2{};
-        std::array<VkAttachmentReference2, 8> resolve_references2{};
-        for (size_t index = 0; index < references.size(); ++index) {
-            references2[index] = promote(references[index]);
-            resolve_references2[index] = promote(resolve_references[index]);
-        }
-        const VkAttachmentReference2 depth_reference2 = promote(depth_reference);
-        const VkAttachmentReference2 depth_resolve_reference2 = promote(depth_resolve_reference);
-        const ResolveModes resolve_modes = PickResolveModes(*device, key.depth_format);
-        const VkSubpassDescriptionDepthStencilResolve depth_stencil_resolve{
-            .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_SUBPASS_DESCRIPTION_DEPTH_STENCIL_RESOLVE,
-            .pNext = nullptr,
-            .depthResolveMode = resolve_modes.depth,
-            .stencilResolveMode = resolve_modes.stencil,
-            .pDepthStencilResolveAttachment = &depth_resolve_reference2,
-        };
-        const VkSubpassDescription2 subpass2{
-            .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_SUBPASS_DESCRIPTION_2,
-            .pNext = do_resolve_depth_stencil ? &depth_stencil_resolve : nullptr,
-            .flags = 0,
-            .pipelineBindPoint = VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS,
-            .viewMask = 0,
-            .inputAttachmentCount = 0,
-            .pInputAttachments = nullptr,
-            .colorAttachmentCount = num_attachments,
-            .pColorAttachments = references2.data(),
-            .pResolveAttachments = do_resolve_color ? resolve_references2.data() : nullptr,
-            .pDepthStencilAttachment = has_depth ? &depth_reference2 : nullptr,
-            .preserveAttachmentCount = 0,
-            .pPreserveAttachments = nullptr,
-        };
-        const VkSubpassDependency2 dependency2{
-            .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_SUBPASS_DEPENDENCY_2,
-            .pNext = nullptr,
-            .srcSubpass = dependency.srcSubpass,
-            .dstSubpass = dependency.dstSubpass,
-            .srcStageMask = dependency.srcStageMask,
-            .dstStageMask = dependency.dstStageMask,
-            .srcAccessMask = dependency.srcAccessMask,
-            .dstAccessMask = dependency.dstAccessMask,
-            .dependencyFlags = dependency.dependencyFlags,
-            .viewOffset = 0,
-        };
-        pair->second = device->GetLogical().CreateRenderPass2({
-            .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_RENDER_PASS_CREATE_INFO_2,
-            .pNext = nullptr,
-            .flags = 0,
-            .attachmentCount = static_cast<u32>(descriptions2.size()),
-            .pAttachments = descriptions2.empty() ? nullptr : descriptions2.data(),
-            .subpassCount = 1,
-            .pSubpasses = &subpass2,
-            .dependencyCount = 1,
-            .pDependencies = &dependency2,
-            .correlatedViewMaskCount = 0,
-            .pCorrelatedViewMasks = nullptr,
-        });
-        return *pair->second;
-    }
-
    pair->second = device->GetLogical().CreateRenderPass({
        .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_RENDER_PASS_CREATE_INFO,
        .pNext = nullptr,
@@ -9,7 +9,6 @@
 #include <mutex>
 #include <ankerl/unordered_dense.h>

-#include "common/container_hash.h"
 #include "video_core/surface.h"
 #include "video_core/vulkan_common/vulkan_wrapper.h"

@@ -22,11 +21,9 @@ struct RenderPassKey {
    VideoCore::Surface::PixelFormat depth_format;
    VkSampleCountFlagBits samples;
    bool resolve_color;
-    bool resolve_depth_stencil;
    u32 color_clear_mask;
    bool depth_stencil_clear;
    u32 color_discard_mask;
-    bool depth_stencil_discard;
 };

 } // namespace Vulkan
@@ -34,28 +31,17 @@ struct RenderPassKey {
 namespace std {
 template <>
 struct hash<Vulkan::RenderPassKey> {
-    static_assert(std::tuple_size_v<decltype(Vulkan::RenderPassKey::color_formats)> <= 8);
-    static_assert(static_cast<u32>(VideoCore::Surface::PixelFormat::Invalid) <= 0xFF);
-    static_assert(static_cast<u32>(VideoCore::Surface::PixelFormat::Max) <= 0xFF);
-    static_assert(VK_SAMPLE_COUNT_64_BIT <= 0xFF);
-
    [[nodiscard]] size_t operator()(const Vulkan::RenderPassKey& key) const noexcept {
-        u64 formats = 0;
-        for (size_t index = 0; index < key.color_formats.size(); ++index) {
-            formats |= static_cast<u64>(key.color_formats[index]) << (index * 8);
+        size_t value = static_cast<size_t>(key.depth_format) << 48;
+        value ^= static_cast<size_t>(key.samples) << 52;
+        value ^= static_cast<size_t>(key.resolve_color) << 63;
+        value ^= static_cast<size_t>(key.color_clear_mask) << 54;
+        value ^= static_cast<size_t>(key.depth_stencil_clear) << 62;
+        value ^= static_cast<size_t>(key.color_discard_mask) << 24;
+        for (size_t i = 0; i < key.color_formats.size(); ++i) {
+            value ^= static_cast<size_t>(key.color_formats[i]) << (i * 6);
        }
-        const u64 state = static_cast<u64>(key.depth_format) |
-                          (static_cast<u64>(key.samples) << 8) |
-                          (static_cast<u64>(key.color_clear_mask) << 16) |
-                          (static_cast<u64>(key.color_discard_mask) << 24) |
-                          (static_cast<u64>(key.resolve_color) << 32) |
-                          (static_cast<u64>(key.depth_stencil_clear) << 33) |
-                          (static_cast<u64>(key.resolve_depth_stencil) << 34) |
-                          (static_cast<u64>(key.depth_stencil_discard) << 35);
-        size_t seed = 0;
-        Common::HashCombine(seed, formats);
-        Common::HashCombine(seed, state);
-        return seed;
+        return value;
    }
 };
 } // namespace std
@@ -64,9 +50,6 @@ namespace Vulkan {

 class Device;

-[[nodiscard]] bool SupportsDepthStencilResolve(const Device& device,
-                                               VideoCore::Surface::PixelFormat depth_format);
-
 class RenderPassCache {
 public:
    explicit RenderPassCache(const Device& device_);
@@ -132,7 +132,6 @@ void Scheduler::BeginRenderPassImpl(const Framebuffer* framebuffer, VkRenderPass
    num_renderpass_images = framebuffer->NumImages();
    renderpass_images = framebuffer->Images();
    renderpass_image_ranges = framebuffer->ImageRanges();
-    framebuffer->MarkResolveShadowsUpToDate();
 }

 void Scheduler::RealizeDeferredClear() {
@@ -156,10 +155,8 @@ void Scheduler::RealizeDeferredClear() {
    }
    const u32 color_discard_mask =
        dc.framebuffer->DiscardsMsaaColor() ? dc.color_clear_mask : 0u;
-    const bool depth_stencil_discard =
-        dc.depth_stencil && dc.framebuffer->DiscardsMsaaDepthStencil();
    const VkRenderPass renderpass = dc.framebuffer->RenderPassVariant(
-        dc.color_clear_mask, dc.depth_stencil, color_discard_mask, depth_stencil_discard);
+        dc.color_clear_mask, dc.depth_stencil, color_discard_mask);
    EndRenderPass();
    BeginRenderPassImpl(dc.framebuffer, renderpass, clear_values.data(), count);
 }
@@ -193,14 +190,6 @@ bool Scheduler::DeferDepthStencilClear(const Framebuffer* framebuffer, const VkC
    return true;
 }

-void Scheduler::FlushDeferredClear() {
-    if (deferred_clear.framebuffer == nullptr) {
-        return;
-    }
-    RealizeDeferredClear();
-    EndRenderPass();
-}
-
 void Scheduler::RequestRenderpass(const Framebuffer* framebuffer) {
    if (deferred_clear.framebuffer == framebuffer) {
        RealizeDeferredClear();
@@ -65,9 +65,6 @@ public:
    /// Defers a full depth/stencil clear so it becomes the next render pass.
    bool DeferDepthStencilClear(const Framebuffer* framebuffer, const VkClearValue& value);

-    /// Realizes any pending deferred clear before its framebuffer can be moved or freed.
-    void FlushDeferredClear();
-
    /// Requests the current execution context to be able to execute operations only allowed outside
    /// of a renderpass.
    void RequestOutsideRenderPassOperationContext();
@@ -33,10 +33,10 @@ constexpr VkDeviceSize MAX_ALIGNMENT = 256;
 // Windows ones however, can intake bigger buffers and generally do not OOM.
 // - GTX 960 on Windows will not OOM with 256mib
 // - GT 1030 on ^NIX will OOM with 256mib
-#if defined(__FreeBSD__)
-constexpr VkDeviceSize MAX_STREAM_BUFFER_SIZE = 128_MiB;
-#else
+#if defined(_WIN32) || defined(__ANDROID__)
 constexpr VkDeviceSize MAX_STREAM_BUFFER_SIZE = 256_MiB;
+#else
+constexpr VkDeviceSize MAX_STREAM_BUFFER_SIZE = 128_MiB;
 #endif

 size_t GetStreamBufferSize(const Device& device) {
@@ -60,19 +60,13 @@ public:

    void TickFrame();

-    void FlushDeferredClear();
-
    u64 GetDeviceLocalMemory() const;

    u64 GetDeviceMemoryUsage() const;

    bool CanReportMemoryUsage() const;

-    bool CanDownloadMsaa(const VideoCommon::ImageInfo& info) const;
-
-    [[nodiscard]] VkImage AcquireMsaaScratchImage(const VkImageCreateInfo& image_ci);
-
-    void ReleaseMsaaScratchImage(VkImage image);
+    std::optional<size_t> GetSamplerHeapBudget() const;

    void BlitImage(Framebuffer* dst_framebuffer, ImageView& dst, ImageView& src,
                   const Region2D& dst_region, const Region2D& src_region,
@@ -123,20 +117,16 @@ public:
        VkFormat format = VK_FORMAT_UNDEFINED;
        VkExtent2D extent{};
        u32 layers = 0;
-        VkImageAspectFlags aspect_mask = VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT;
        bool up_to_date = false;
    };

    [[nodiscard]] VkImageView GetOrCreateResolveShadow(VkImage msaa_image, VkFormat format,
-                                                       VkExtent2D extent, u32 layers,
-                                                       VkImageAspectFlags aspect_mask);
+                                                       VkExtent2D extent, u32 layers);

    [[nodiscard]] const ResolveShadow* GetValidResolveShadow(VkImage msaa_image) const;

    void InvalidateResolveShadow(VkImage msaa_image);

-    void MarkResolveShadowUpToDate(VkImage msaa_image);
-
    void EraseResolveShadow(VkImage msaa_image);

    std::span<const VkFormat> ViewFormats(PixelFormat format) {
@@ -164,30 +154,8 @@ public:

    static constexpr size_t indexing_slots = 8 * sizeof(size_t);
    std::array<vk::Buffer, indexing_slots> buffers{};
-    struct MsaaScratchKey {
-        VkFormat format;
-        VkImageType type;
-        u32 width;
-        u32 height;
-        u32 depth;
-        u32 levels;
-        u32 layers;
-        VkImageUsageFlags usage;
-        VkImageCreateFlags flags;
-
-        bool operator==(const MsaaScratchKey&) const noexcept = default;
-    };
-
-    struct MsaaScratchImage {
-        MsaaScratchKey key;
-        vk::Image image;
-        u64 tick;
-        u32 unused_frames;
-    };
-
-    std::vector<MsaaScratchImage> msaa_scratch_images;
+    std::vector<std::pair<u64, vk::Image>> pending_msaa_images;
    ankerl::unordered_dense::map<VkImage, ResolveShadow> resolve_shadows;
-    std::vector<std::pair<u64, ResolveShadow>> pending_resolve_shadows;
 };

 class Framebuffer {
@@ -223,8 +191,7 @@ public:
    }

    [[nodiscard]] VkRenderPass RenderPassVariant(u32 color_clear_mask, bool depth_stencil_clear,
-                                                 u32 color_discard_mask,
-                                                 bool depth_stencil_discard) const;
+                                                 u32 color_discard_mask) const;

    [[nodiscard]] VkExtent2D RenderArea() const noexcept {
        return render_area;
@@ -266,21 +233,19 @@ public:
        return is_rescaled;
    }

+    [[nodiscard]] bool HasResolveColor() const noexcept {
+        return !resolve_images.empty();
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] VkImage ResolveColorImage(size_t index) const noexcept {
+        return index < resolve_images.size() ? *resolve_images[index] : VK_NULL_HANDLE;
+    }
+
    [[nodiscard]] bool DiscardsMsaaColor() const noexcept {
        return discard_msaa_color;
    }

-    [[nodiscard]] bool DiscardsMsaaDepthStencil() const noexcept {
-        return discard_msaa_depth_stencil;
-    }
-
-    /// Records that a render pass has begun, so its resolve attachments will hold valid contents
-    /// once it ends.
-    void MarkResolveShadowsUpToDate() const;
-
 private:
-    static constexpr size_t NUM_MEMOIZED_RENDER_PASS_VARIANTS = 8;
-
    vk::Framebuffer framebuffer;
    VkRenderPass renderpass{};
    VkExtent2D render_area{};
@@ -293,16 +258,11 @@ private:
    bool has_depth{};
    bool has_stencil{};
    bool is_rescaled{};
-    std::array<VkImage, 9> resolve_shadow_images{};
-    u32 num_resolve_shadows = 0;
-    TextureCacheRuntime* runtime_ptr{nullptr};
+    std::vector<vk::Image> resolve_images;
+    std::vector<vk::ImageView> resolve_image_views;
    RenderPassKey render_pass_key{};
    RenderPassCache* render_pass_cache{nullptr};
    bool discard_msaa_color{};
-    bool discard_msaa_depth_stencil{};
-    mutable std::array<u32, NUM_MEMOIZED_RENDER_PASS_VARIANTS> variant_keys{};
-    mutable std::array<VkRenderPass, NUM_MEMOIZED_RENDER_PASS_VARIANTS> variant_render_passes{};
-    mutable u32 num_memoized_variants{};
 };

 class Image : public VideoCommon::ImageBase {
@@ -444,22 +404,6 @@ public:
        return supports_depth_comparison;
    }

-    [[nodiscard]] bool RequiresBorderColorFormat() const noexcept {
-        return requires_border_color_format;
-    }
-
-    [[nodiscard]] bool SupportsMinmaxFilter() const noexcept {
-        return supports_minmax_filter;
-    }
-
-    [[nodiscard]] const VkComponentMapping& Swizzle() const noexcept {
-        return swizzle_mapping;
-    }
-
-    [[nodiscard]] bool HasIdentitySwizzle() const noexcept {
-        return has_identity_swizzle;
-    }
-
    [[nodiscard]] GPUVAddr GpuAddr() const noexcept {
        return gpu_addr;
    }
@@ -492,91 +436,48 @@ private:
    VkSampleCountFlagBits samples = VK_SAMPLE_COUNT_1_BIT;
    u32 buffer_size = 0;

-    VkComponentMapping swizzle_mapping{};
-
    bool supports_depth_comparison = false;
-    bool requires_border_color_format = false;
-    bool supports_minmax_filter = false;
-    bool has_identity_swizzle = true;
 };

 class ImageAlloc : public VideoCommon::ImageAllocBase {};

-class CustomBorderColorBudget {
-public:
-    CustomBorderColorBudget() = default;
-    ~CustomBorderColorBudget();
-
-    CustomBorderColorBudget(const CustomBorderColorBudget&) = delete;
-    CustomBorderColorBudget& operator=(const CustomBorderColorBudget&) = delete;
-
-    CustomBorderColorBudget(CustomBorderColorBudget&& rhs) noexcept;
-    CustomBorderColorBudget& operator=(CustomBorderColorBudget&& rhs) noexcept;
-
-    bool TryAcquire(const Device& device, size_t count);
-
-private:
-    void Release() noexcept;
-
-    const Device* device_ptr = nullptr;
-    size_t held = 0;
-};
-
 class Sampler {
 public:
    explicit Sampler(TextureCacheRuntime&, const Tegra::Texture::TSCEntry&);

    [[nodiscard]] VkSampler Handle() const noexcept {
-        return *variants.front().sampler;
+        return *sampler;
    }

-    [[nodiscard]] VkSampler HandleFor(const ImageView& image_view, bool is_depth);
+    [[nodiscard]] VkSampler HandleWithDefaultAnisotropy() const noexcept {
+        return *sampler_default_anisotropy;
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] bool HasAddedAnisotropy() const noexcept {
+        return static_cast<bool>(sampler_default_anisotropy);
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] VkSampler HandleWithNearestFilter() const noexcept {
+        return *sampler_nearest;
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] bool HasLinearFiltering() const noexcept {
+        return static_cast<bool>(sampler_nearest);
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] VkSampler HandleWithoutDepthComparison() const noexcept {
+        return *sampler_noncompare;
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] bool HasDepthComparison() const noexcept {
+        return static_cast<bool>(sampler_noncompare);
+    }

 private:
-    struct VariantKey {
-        bool reduce_anisotropy;
-        bool force_nearest;
-        bool drop_depth_comparison;
-        bool drop_reduction;
-        bool drop_custom_border;
-        bool srgb_border;
-        std::array<VkComponentSwizzle, 4> swizzle;
-
-        bool operator==(const VariantKey&) const noexcept = default;
-
-        [[nodiscard]] bool HasSwizzle() const noexcept {
-            return swizzle != std::array<VkComponentSwizzle, 4>{};
-        }
-    };
-
-    struct Variant {
-        VariantKey key;
-        vk::Sampler sampler;
-    };
-
-    static constexpr size_t MAX_VARIANTS = 32;
-
-    [[nodiscard]] VariantKey MakeKey(const ImageView& image_view, bool is_depth) const noexcept;
-    [[nodiscard]] VkSampler Find(const VariantKey& key) const noexcept;
-    VkSampler Emplace(VariantKey key);
-
-    CustomBorderColorBudget custom_border_color_budget;
-    std::vector<Variant> variants;
-
-    const Device* device_ptr{nullptr};
-    VkSamplerCreateInfo base_ci{};
-    VkSamplerReductionModeEXT reduction_mode{VK_SAMPLER_REDUCTION_MODE_WEIGHTED_AVERAGE_EXT};
-    std::array<float, 4> border_color{};
-    std::array<float, 4> srgb_border_color{};
-    f32 default_anisotropy{1.0f};
-
-    bool has_added_anisotropy{};
-    bool has_linear_filtering{};
-    bool has_depth_comparison{};
-    bool has_minmax_reduction{};
-    bool has_custom_border_colors{};
-    bool has_srgb_border_color{};
-    bool needs_swizzle_mapping{};
+    vk::Sampler sampler;
+    vk::Sampler sampler_default_anisotropy;
+    vk::Sampler sampler_nearest;
+    vk::Sampler sampler_noncompare;
 };

 struct TextureCacheParams {
@@ -585,7 +486,6 @@ struct TextureCacheParams {
    static constexpr bool HAS_EMULATED_COPIES = false;
    static constexpr bool HAS_DEVICE_MEMORY_INFO = true;
    static constexpr bool IMPLEMENTS_ASYNC_DOWNLOADS = true;
-    static constexpr bool HAS_MSAA_DOWNLOADS = true;

    using Runtime = Vulkan::TextureCacheRuntime;
    using Image = Vulkan::Image;
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2026 Eden Emulator Project
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2025 Eden Emulator Project
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later

 // SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2020 yuzu Emulator Project
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ void ImageBase::InsertView(const ImageViewInfo& view_info, ImageViewId image_vie
    image_view_ids.push_back(image_view_id);
 }

-bool ImageBase::IsSafeGpuCopy() const noexcept {
+bool ImageBase::IsSafeDownload() const noexcept {
    // Skip images that were not modified from the GPU
    if (False(flags & ImageFlagBits::GpuModified)) {
        return false;
@@ -131,6 +131,10 @@ bool ImageBase::IsSafeGpuCopy() const noexcept {
    if (True(flags & ImageFlagBits::CpuModified)) {
        return false;
    }
+    if (info.num_samples > 1) {
+        LOG_WARNING(HW_GPU, "MSAA image downloads are not implemented");
+        return false;
+    }
    return true;
 }

@@ -1,6 +1,3 @@
-// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2026 Eden Emulator Project
-// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later
-
 // SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2020 yuzu Emulator Project
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later

@@ -67,7 +64,7 @@ struct ImageBase {

    void InsertView(const ImageViewInfo& view_info, ImageViewId image_view_id);

-    [[nodiscard]] bool IsSafeGpuCopy() const noexcept;
+    [[nodiscard]] bool IsSafeDownload() const noexcept;

    [[nodiscard]] bool Overlaps(VAddr overlap_cpu_addr, size_t overlap_size) const noexcept {
        const VAddr overlap_end = overlap_cpu_addr + overlap_size;
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ void TextureCache<P>::RunGarbageCollector() {
        if (True(image.flags & ImageFlagBits::IsDecoding)) {
            return false;
        }
-        const bool must_download = IsDownloadable(image) && False(image.flags & ImageFlagBits::BadOverlap);
+        const bool must_download = image.IsSafeDownload() && False(image.flags & ImageFlagBits::BadOverlap);
        if ((!aggressive_mode && True(image.flags & ImageFlagBits::CostlyLoad)) || (!high_priority_mode && must_download)) {
            return false;
        }
@@ -577,7 +577,6 @@ FramebufferId TextureCache<P>::GetFramebufferId(const RenderTargets& key) {
        return id ? &slot_image_views[id] : nullptr;
    });
    ImageView* const depth_buffer = key.depth_buffer_id ? &slot_image_views[key.depth_buffer_id] : nullptr;
-    runtime.FlushDeferredClear();
    framebuffer_id = slot_framebuffers.insert(runtime, color_buffers, depth_buffer, key);
    return framebuffer_id;
 }
@@ -595,26 +594,11 @@ void TextureCache<P>::WriteMemory(DAddr cpu_addr, size_t size) {
    });
 }

-template <class P>
-bool TextureCache<P>::IsDownloadable(const ImageBase& image) const noexcept {
-    if (!image.IsSafeGpuCopy()) {
-        return false;
-    }
-    if (image.info.num_samples == 1) {
-        return true;
-    }
-    if constexpr (P::HAS_MSAA_DOWNLOADS) {
-        return runtime.CanDownloadMsaa(image.info);
-    } else {
-        return false;
-    }
-}
-
 template <class P>
 void TextureCache<P>::DownloadMemory(DAddr cpu_addr, size_t size) {
    boost::container::small_vector<ImageId, 16> images;
-    ForEachImageInRegion(cpu_addr, size, [this, &images](ImageId image_id, ImageBase& image) {
-        if (!IsDownloadable(image)) {
+    ForEachImageInRegion(cpu_addr, size, [&images](ImageId image_id, ImageBase& image) {
+        if (!image.IsSafeDownload()) {
            return;
        }
        image.flags &= ~ImageFlagBits::GpuModified;
@@ -1492,12 +1476,12 @@ template <class P>
 bool TextureCache<P>::ScaleUp(Image& image) {
    const bool has_copy = image.HasScaled();
    const bool rescaled = image.ScaleUp();
-    if (!has_copy && image.HasScaled()) {
-        total_used_memory += GetScaledImageSizeBytes(image);
-    }
    if (!rescaled) {
        return false;
    }
+    if (!has_copy) {
+        total_used_memory += GetScaledImageSizeBytes(image);
+    }
    InvalidateScale(image);
    return true;
 }
@@ -1707,10 +1691,7 @@ ImageId TextureCache<P>::JoinImages(const ImageInfo& info, GPUVAddr gpu_addr, DA
    for (const auto& copy_object : join_copies_to_do) {
        Image& overlap = slot_images[copy_object.id];
        if (copy_object.is_alias) {
-            if (!overlap.IsSafeGpuCopy()) {
-                continue;
-            }
-            if (overlap.info.num_samples != new_image.info.num_samples) {
+            if (!overlap.IsSafeDownload()) {
                continue;
            }
            const auto alias_pointer = join_alias_indices.find(copy_object.id);
@@ -1896,10 +1877,67 @@ SamplerId TextureCache<P>::FindSampler(const TSCEntry& config, bool compute) {
    const auto [pair, is_new] = channel_state->samplers.try_emplace(config);
    if (is_new) {
        pair->second = slot_samplers.insert(runtime, config);
+        EnforceSamplerBudget();
    }
    return pair->second;
 }

+template <class P>
+std::optional<size_t> TextureCache<P>::QuerySamplerBudget() const {
+    if constexpr (requires { runtime.GetSamplerHeapBudget(); }) {
+        return runtime.GetSamplerHeapBudget();
+    } else {
+        return std::nullopt;
+    }
+}
+
+template <class P>
+void TextureCache<P>::EnforceSamplerBudget() {
+    if (auto const budget = QuerySamplerBudget(); budget) {
+        if (slot_samplers.size() < *budget) {
+            return;
+        }
+        if (!channel_state) {
+            return;
+        }
+        if (last_sampler_gc_frame == frame_tick) {
+            return;
+        }
+        last_sampler_gc_frame = frame_tick;
+        TrimInactiveSamplers(*budget);
+    }
+}
+
+template <class P>
+void TextureCache<P>::TrimInactiveSamplers(size_t budget) {
+    if (channel_state->samplers.size() > 0) {
+        constexpr size_t SAMPLER_GC_SLACK = 1024;
+        ankerl::unordered_dense::set<SamplerId> active_sampler_ids;
+        for (auto const& e : channel_state->sampler_ids)
+            active_sampler_ids.insert(e.second);
+        // Elements in the map must be necesarily valid
+        size_t removed = 0;
+        for (auto it = channel_state->samplers.begin(); it != channel_state->samplers.end();) {
+            const SamplerId sampler_id = it->second;
+            if (!sampler_id || sampler_id == CORRUPT_ID) {
+                it = channel_state->samplers.erase(it);
+            } else if (std::ranges::find(active_sampler_ids, sampler_id) != active_sampler_ids.end()) {
+                ++it;
+            } else {
+                slot_samplers.erase(sampler_id);
+                it = channel_state->samplers.erase(it);
+                ++removed;
+                if (slot_samplers.size() + SAMPLER_GC_SLACK <= budget) {
+                    break;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        if (removed != 0) {
+            LOG_WARNING(HW_GPU, "Sampler cache exceeded {} entries on this driver; reclaimed {} inactive samplers", budget, removed);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 template <class P>
 ImageViewId TextureCache<P>::FindColorBuffer(size_t index) {
    const auto& regs = maxwell3d->regs;
@@ -2423,7 +2461,6 @@ void TextureCache<P>::RemoveImageViewReferences(std::span<const ImageViewId> rem

 template <class P>
 void TextureCache<P>::RemoveFramebuffers(std::span<const ImageViewId> removed_views) {
-    runtime.FlushDeferredClear();
    auto it = framebuffers.begin();
    while (it != framebuffers.end()) {
        if (it->first.Contains(removed_views)) {
@@ -303,8 +303,6 @@ private:
    FramebufferId GetFramebufferId(const RenderTargets& key);

    /// Refresh the contents (pixel data) of an image
-    [[nodiscard]] bool IsDownloadable(const ImageBase& image) const noexcept;
-
    void RefreshContents(Image& image, ImageId image_id);

    /// Upload data from guest to an image
@@ -420,6 +418,9 @@ private:

    void QueueAsyncDecode(Image& image, ImageId image_id);
    void TickAsyncDecode();
+    void EnforceSamplerBudget();
+    void TrimInactiveSamplers(size_t budget);
+    std::optional<size_t> QuerySamplerBudget() const;

    void QueueAsyncUnswizzle(Image& image, ImageId image_id);
    void TickAsyncUnswizzle();
@@ -506,6 +507,7 @@ private:

    u64 modification_tick = 0;
    u64 frame_tick = 0;
+    u64 last_sampler_gc_frame = (std::numeric_limits<u64>::max)();

    Common::ThreadWorker texture_decode_worker{1, "TextureDecoder", {},
                                               Common::ThreadPlacement::Efficiency};
@@ -1,11 +1,10 @@
-// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2026 Eden Emulator Project
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2025 Eden Emulator Project
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later

 // SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2020 yuzu Emulator Project
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later

 #include <array>
-#include <cmath>

 #include "common/cityhash.h"
 #include "common/settings.h"
@@ -18,25 +17,53 @@ namespace Tegra::Texture {

 namespace {

-float SrgbToLinear(u32 value) {
-    const float encoded = static_cast<float>(value) / 255.0f;
-    if (encoded <= 0.04045f) {
-        return encoded / 12.92f;
-    }
-    return std::pow((encoded + 0.055f) / 1.055f, 2.4f);
-}
+[[maybe_unused]] constexpr std::array<float, 256> SRGB_CONVERSION_LUT = {
+    0.000000f, 0.000000f, 0.000000f, 0.000012f, 0.000021f, 0.000033f, 0.000046f, 0.000062f,
+    0.000081f, 0.000102f, 0.000125f, 0.000151f, 0.000181f, 0.000214f, 0.000251f, 0.000293f,
+    0.000338f, 0.000388f, 0.000443f, 0.000503f, 0.000568f, 0.000639f, 0.000715f, 0.000798f,
+    0.000887f, 0.000983f, 0.001085f, 0.001195f, 0.001312f, 0.001437f, 0.001569f, 0.001710f,
+    0.001860f, 0.002019f, 0.002186f, 0.002364f, 0.002551f, 0.002748f, 0.002955f, 0.003174f,
+    0.003403f, 0.003643f, 0.003896f, 0.004160f, 0.004436f, 0.004725f, 0.005028f, 0.005343f,
+    0.005672f, 0.006015f, 0.006372f, 0.006744f, 0.007130f, 0.007533f, 0.007950f, 0.008384f,
+    0.008834f, 0.009301f, 0.009785f, 0.010286f, 0.010805f, 0.011342f, 0.011898f, 0.012472f,
+    0.013066f, 0.013680f, 0.014313f, 0.014967f, 0.015641f, 0.016337f, 0.017054f, 0.017793f,
+    0.018554f, 0.019337f, 0.020144f, 0.020974f, 0.021828f, 0.022706f, 0.023609f, 0.024536f,
+    0.025489f, 0.026468f, 0.027473f, 0.028504f, 0.029563f, 0.030649f, 0.031762f, 0.032904f,
+    0.034074f, 0.035274f, 0.036503f, 0.037762f, 0.039050f, 0.040370f, 0.041721f, 0.043103f,
+    0.044518f, 0.045964f, 0.047444f, 0.048956f, 0.050503f, 0.052083f, 0.053699f, 0.055349f,
+    0.057034f, 0.058755f, 0.060513f, 0.062307f, 0.064139f, 0.066008f, 0.067915f, 0.069861f,
+    0.071845f, 0.073869f, 0.075933f, 0.078037f, 0.080182f, 0.082369f, 0.084597f, 0.086867f,
+    0.089180f, 0.091535f, 0.093935f, 0.096378f, 0.098866f, 0.101398f, 0.103977f, 0.106601f,
+    0.109271f, 0.111988f, 0.114753f, 0.117565f, 0.120426f, 0.123335f, 0.126293f, 0.129301f,
+    0.132360f, 0.135469f, 0.138629f, 0.141841f, 0.145105f, 0.148421f, 0.151791f, 0.155214f,
+    0.158691f, 0.162224f, 0.165810f, 0.169453f, 0.173152f, 0.176907f, 0.180720f, 0.184589f,
+    0.188517f, 0.192504f, 0.196549f, 0.200655f, 0.204820f, 0.209046f, 0.213334f, 0.217682f,
+    0.222093f, 0.226567f, 0.231104f, 0.235704f, 0.240369f, 0.245099f, 0.249894f, 0.254754f,
+    0.259681f, 0.264674f, 0.269736f, 0.274864f, 0.280062f, 0.285328f, 0.290664f, 0.296070f,
+    0.301546f, 0.307094f, 0.312713f, 0.318404f, 0.324168f, 0.330006f, 0.335916f, 0.341902f,
+    0.347962f, 0.354097f, 0.360309f, 0.366597f, 0.372961f, 0.379403f, 0.385924f, 0.392524f,
+    0.399202f, 0.405960f, 0.412798f, 0.419718f, 0.426719f, 0.433802f, 0.440967f, 0.448216f,
+    0.455548f, 0.462965f, 0.470465f, 0.478052f, 0.485725f, 0.493484f, 0.501329f, 0.509263f,
+    0.517285f, 0.525396f, 0.533595f, 0.541885f, 0.550265f, 0.558736f, 0.567299f, 0.575954f,
+    0.584702f, 0.593542f, 0.602477f, 0.611507f, 0.620632f, 0.629852f, 0.639168f, 0.648581f,
+    0.658092f, 0.667700f, 0.677408f, 0.687214f, 0.697120f, 0.707127f, 0.717234f, 0.727443f,
+    0.737753f, 0.748167f, 0.758685f, 0.769305f, 0.780031f, 0.790861f, 0.801798f, 0.812839f,
+    0.823989f, 0.835246f, 0.846611f, 0.858085f, 0.869668f, 0.881360f, 0.893164f, 0.905078f,
+    0.917104f, 0.929242f, 0.941493f, 0.953859f, 0.966338f, 1.000000f, 1.000000f, 1.000000f,
+};

 } // Anonymous namespace

 std::array<float, 4> TSCEntry::BorderColor() const noexcept {
+    // TODO: Handle SRGB correctly. Using this breaks shadows in some games (Xenoblade).
+    // if (!srgb_conversion) {
+    //    return border_color;
+    //}
+    // return {SRGB_CONVERSION_LUT[srgb_border_color_r], SRGB_CONVERSION_LUT[srgb_border_color_g],
+    //        SRGB_CONVERSION_LUT[srgb_border_color_b], border_color[3]};
    return border_color;
 }

-std::array<float, 4> TSCEntry::SrgbBorderColor() const noexcept {
-    return {SrgbToLinear(srgb_border_color_r), SrgbToLinear(srgb_border_color_g),
-            SrgbToLinear(srgb_border_color_b), border_color[3]};
-}
-
 float TSCEntry::MaxAnisotropy() const noexcept {
    const bool is_suitable_mipmap_filter = mipmap_filter != TextureMipmapFilter::None;
    const bool has_regular_lods = min_lod_clamp == 0 && max_lod_clamp >= 256;
@@ -53,16 +80,16 @@ float TSCEntry::MaxAnisotropy() const noexcept {
    case Settings::AnisotropyMode::X4:
    case Settings::AnisotropyMode::X8:
    case Settings::AnisotropyMode::X16:
-        added_anisotropic = s32(anisotropic_settings) - 1;
+    case Settings::AnisotropyMode::X32:
+    case Settings::AnisotropyMode::X64:
+        added_anisotropic = u32(anisotropic_settings) - 1U;
        break;
-    case Settings::AnisotropyMode::Automatic: {
-        const u32 resolution_scale = Settings::values.resolution_info.up_scale >>
-                                     Settings::values.resolution_info.down_shift;
-        if (resolution_scale > 1U) {
-            added_anisotropic = static_cast<s32>(resolution_scale - 1U);
-        }
+    case Settings::AnisotropyMode::Automatic:
+        added_anisotropic = Settings::values.resolution_info.up_scale >> Settings::values.resolution_info.down_shift;
+        added_anisotropic = (std::max)(added_anisotropic - 1U, 0U);
        break;
-    }
+    case Settings::AnisotropyMode::None:
+        return 1.0f; //No use of anisotropy
    }
    return float(1U << (max_anisotropy + added_anisotropic));
 }
@@ -1,6 +1,3 @@
-// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2026 Eden Emulator Project
-// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later
-
 // SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2018 yuzu Emulator Project
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later

@@ -381,8 +378,6 @@ struct TSCEntry {

    std::array<float, 4> BorderColor() const noexcept;

-    std::array<float, 4> SrgbBorderColor() const noexcept;
-
    float MaxAnisotropy() const noexcept;

    float MinLod() const {
@@ -508,9 +508,17 @@ Device::Device(VkInstance instance_, vk::PhysicalDevice physical_, VkSurfaceKHR
        LOG_WARNING(Render_Vulkan, "Qualcomm drivers require scaled vertex format emulation.");
        has_broken_descriptor_aliasing = true;
        LOG_WARNING(Render_Vulkan, "Qualcomm drivers have broken descriptor aliasing.");
+        LOG_WARNING(Render_Vulkan, "Qualcomm drivers have broken custom border color.");
+        RemoveExtensionFeature(extensions.custom_border_color, features.custom_border_color,
+                               VK_EXT_CUSTOM_BORDER_COLOR_EXTENSION_NAME);
+        LOG_WARNING(Render_Vulkan, "Qualcomm drivers have broken border color swizzle.");
+        RemoveExtensionFeature(extensions.border_color_swizzle, features.border_color_swizzle,
+                               VK_EXT_BORDER_COLOR_SWIZZLE_EXTENSION_NAME);
        LOG_WARNING(Render_Vulkan, "Qualcomm drivers have broken color write enable.");
        RemoveExtensionFeature(extensions.color_write_enable, features.color_write_enable,
                               VK_EXT_COLOR_WRITE_ENABLE_EXTENSION_NAME);
+        LOG_WARNING(Render_Vulkan, "Qualcomm drivers have broken shader float controls.");
+        RemoveExtension(extensions.shader_float_controls, VK_KHR_SHADER_FLOAT_CONTROLS_EXTENSION_NAME);
        LOG_WARNING(Render_Vulkan, "Qualcomm drivers have broken shader atomic int64.");
        RemoveExtensionFeature(extensions.shader_atomic_int64, features.shader_atomic_int64,
                               VK_KHR_SHADER_ATOMIC_INT64_EXTENSION_NAME);
@@ -611,6 +619,21 @@ Device::Device(VkInstance instance_, vk::PhysicalDevice physical_, VkSurfaceKHR
        }
    }

+    if (is_qualcomm) {
+        const size_t sampler_limit = properties.properties.limits.maxSamplerAllocationCount;
+        if (sampler_limit > 0) {
+            constexpr size_t MIN_SAMPLER_BUDGET = 1024U;
+            const size_t reserved = sampler_limit / 4U;
+            const size_t derived_budget =
+                (std::max)(MIN_SAMPLER_BUDGET, sampler_limit - reserved);
+            sampler_heap_budget = derived_budget;
+            LOG_WARNING(Render_Vulkan,
+                        "Qualcomm driver reports max {} samplers; reserving {} (25%) and "
+                        "allowing Eden to use {} (75%) to avoid heap exhaustion",
+                        sampler_limit, reserved, sampler_heap_budget);
+        }
+    }
+
    if (extensions.sampler_filter_minmax && is_amd) {
        // Disable ext_sampler_filter_minmax on AMD GCN4 and lower as it is broken.
        if (!features.shader_float16_int8.shaderFloat16) {
@@ -627,6 +650,13 @@ Device::Device(VkInstance instance_, vk::PhysicalDevice physical_, VkSurfaceKHR
        features.shader_float16_int8.shaderFloat16 = false;
    }

+    if (is_intel_windows) {
+        LOG_WARNING(Render_Vulkan,
+                    "Intel proprietary drivers do not support MSAA->MSAA image blits. "
+                    "MSAA scaling will use 3D helpers. MSAA resolves work normally.");
+        cant_blit_msaa = true;
+    }
+
    has_broken_compute =
        CheckBrokenCompute(properties.driver.driverID, properties.properties.driverVersion) &&
        !Settings::values.enable_compute_pipelines.GetValue();
@@ -945,12 +975,6 @@ bool Device::GetSuitability(bool requires_swapchain) {
    FOR_EACH_VK_FEATURE_EXT(FEATURE_EXTENSION);
    FOR_EACH_VK_EXTENSION(EXTENSION);

-    extensions.depth_stencil_resolve =
-        extensions.depth_stencil_resolve &&
-        (instance_version >= VK_API_VERSION_1_2 || extensions.create_renderpass2);
-    RemoveExtensionIfUnsuitable(extensions.depth_stencil_resolve,
-                                VK_KHR_DEPTH_STENCIL_RESOLVE_EXTENSION_NAME);
-
    if (supported_extensions.contains(VK_KHR_ROBUSTNESS_2_EXTENSION_NAME)) {
        loaded_extensions.erase(VK_EXT_ROBUSTNESS_2_EXTENSION_NAME);
        loaded_extensions.insert(VK_KHR_ROBUSTNESS_2_EXTENSION_NAME);
@@ -1098,11 +1122,6 @@ bool Device::GetSuitability(bool requires_swapchain) {
            VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PHYSICAL_DEVICE_PUSH_DESCRIPTOR_PROPERTIES_KHR;
        SetNext(next, properties.push_descriptor);
    }
-    if (extensions.depth_stencil_resolve || instance_version >= VK_API_VERSION_1_2) {
-        properties.depth_stencil_resolve.sType =
-            VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PHYSICAL_DEVICE_DEPTH_STENCIL_RESOLVE_PROPERTIES;
-        SetNext(next, properties.depth_stencil_resolve);
-    }
    if (extensions.descriptor_buffer) {
        properties.descriptor_buffer.sType =
            VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PHYSICAL_DEVICE_DESCRIPTOR_BUFFER_PROPERTIES_EXT;
@@ -1123,11 +1142,6 @@ bool Device::GetSuitability(bool requires_swapchain) {
            VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PHYSICAL_DEVICE_MAINTENANCE_5_PROPERTIES_KHR;
        SetNext(next, properties.maintenance5);
    }
-    if (extensions.custom_border_color) {
-        properties.custom_border_color.sType =
-            VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PHYSICAL_DEVICE_CUSTOM_BORDER_COLOR_PROPERTIES_EXT;
-        SetNext(next, properties.custom_border_color);
-    }

    // Perform the property fetch.
    physical.GetProperties2(properties2);
@@ -1224,7 +1238,9 @@ void Device::RemoveUnsuitableExtensions() {
    // VK_EXT_border_color_swizzle
    if (extensions.border_color_swizzle) {
        extensions.border_color_swizzle =
-            extensions.custom_border_color && features.border_color_swizzle.borderColorSwizzle;
+            extensions.custom_border_color &&
+            features.border_color_swizzle.borderColorSwizzle &&
+            features.border_color_swizzle.borderColorSwizzleFromImage;
    }
    RemoveExtensionFeatureIfUnsuitable(extensions.border_color_swizzle,
                                       features.border_color_swizzle,
@@ -1386,11 +1402,6 @@ void Device::RemoveUnsuitableExtensions() {
                               VK_KHR_PIPELINE_EXECUTABLE_PROPERTIES_EXTENSION_NAME);
    }

-    // VK_KHR_shader_quad_control
-    extensions.shader_quad_control = features.shader_quad_control.shaderQuadControl;
-    RemoveExtensionFeatureIfUnsuitable(extensions.shader_quad_control, features.shader_quad_control,
-                                       VK_KHR_SHADER_QUAD_CONTROL_EXTENSION_NAME);
-
    // VK_KHR_workgroup_memory_explicit_layout
    extensions.workgroup_memory_explicit_layout =
        features.workgroup_memory_explicit_layout.workgroupMemoryExplicitLayout &&
@@ -1475,26 +1486,11 @@ void Device::SetupFamilies(VkSurfaceKHR surface) {
    }
 }

-bool Device::TryReserveCustomBorderColorSamplers(size_t count) const {
-    const size_t limit = properties.custom_border_color.maxCustomBorderColorSamplers;
-    if (limit == 0) {
-        return true;
+std::optional<size_t> Device::GetSamplerHeapBudget() const {
+    if (sampler_heap_budget == 0) {
+        return std::nullopt;
    }
-    size_t used = custom_border_color_samplers_used.load(std::memory_order_relaxed);
-    while (used + count <= limit) {
-        if (custom_border_color_samplers_used.compare_exchange_weak(
-                used, used + count, std::memory_order_relaxed, std::memory_order_relaxed)) {
-            return true;
-        }
-    }
-    return false;
-}
-
-void Device::ReleaseCustomBorderColorSamplers(size_t count) const {
-    if (count == 0) {
-        return;
-    }
-    custom_border_color_samplers_used.fetch_sub(count, std::memory_order_relaxed);
+    return sampler_heap_budget;
 }

 u64 Device::GetDeviceMemoryUsage() const {
@@ -6,7 +6,6 @@

 #pragma once

-#include <atomic>
 #include <optional>
 #include <set>
 #include <span>
@@ -75,7 +74,6 @@ VK_DEFINE_HANDLE(VmaAllocator)
    FEATURE(KHR, Maintenance6, MAINTENANCE_6, maintenance6)                                        \
    FEATURE(KHR, PipelineExecutableProperties, PIPELINE_EXECUTABLE_PROPERTIES,                     \
            pipeline_executable_properties)                                                        \
-    FEATURE(KHR, ShaderQuadControl, SHADER_QUAD_CONTROL, shader_quad_control)                      \
    FEATURE(KHR, WorkgroupMemoryExplicitLayout, WORKGROUP_MEMORY_EXPLICIT_LAYOUT,                  \
            workgroup_memory_explicit_layout)

@@ -93,8 +91,6 @@ VK_DEFINE_HANDLE(VmaAllocator)
    EXTENSION(EXT, SHADER_VIEWPORT_INDEX_LAYER, shader_viewport_index_layer)                       \
    EXTENSION(EXT, TOOLING_INFO, tooling_info)                                                     \
    EXTENSION(EXT, VERTEX_ATTRIBUTE_DIVISOR, vertex_attribute_divisor)                             \
-    EXTENSION(KHR, CREATE_RENDERPASS_2, create_renderpass2)                                        \
-    EXTENSION(KHR, DEPTH_STENCIL_RESOLVE, depth_stencil_resolve)                                   \
    EXTENSION(KHR, DRAW_INDIRECT_COUNT, draw_indirect_count)                                       \
    EXTENSION(KHR, DRIVER_PROPERTIES, driver_properties)                                           \
    EXTENSION(KHR, PUSH_DESCRIPTOR, push_descriptor)                                               \
@@ -587,11 +583,6 @@ FN_MAX_LIMIT_LIST
               features.features.shaderInt16;
    }

-    /// Returns true if the device supports VK_KHR_shader_quad_control.
-    bool IsKhrShaderQuadControlSupported() const {
-        return extensions.shader_quad_control && features.shader_quad_control.shaderQuadControl;
-    }
-
    /// Returns true if the device supports VK_KHR_image_format_list.
    bool IsKhrImageFormatListSupported() const {
        return extensions.image_format_list || instance_version >= VK_API_VERSION_1_2;
@@ -622,32 +613,6 @@ FN_MAX_LIMIT_LIST
        return extensions.shader_stencil_export;
    }

-    /// Returns true if the device supports VK_KHR_create_renderpass2.
-    bool IsKhrCreateRenderPass2Supported() const {
-        return extensions.create_renderpass2 || instance_version >= VK_API_VERSION_1_2;
-    }
-
-    /// Returns true if the device supports VK_KHR_depth_stencil_resolve.
-    bool IsKhrDepthStencilResolveSupported() const {
-        return (extensions.depth_stencil_resolve || instance_version >= VK_API_VERSION_1_2) &&
-               IsKhrCreateRenderPass2Supported();
-    }
-
-    /// Returns the supported resolve modes for the depth aspect.
-    VkResolveModeFlags GetDepthResolveModes() const {
-        return properties.depth_stencil_resolve.supportedDepthResolveModes;
-    }
-
-    /// Returns the supported resolve modes for the stencil aspect.
-    VkResolveModeFlags GetStencilResolveModes() const {
-        return properties.depth_stencil_resolve.supportedStencilResolveModes;
-    }
-
-    /// Returns true if only one of the depth and stencil aspects may be resolved.
-    bool SupportsIndependentResolveNone() const {
-        return properties.depth_stencil_resolve.independentResolveNone == VK_TRUE;
-    }
-
    /// Returns true if depth/stencil operations can be performed efficiently.
    /// Either through shader export or hardware blits.
    bool CanPerformDepthStencilOperations() const {
@@ -706,18 +671,20 @@ FN_MAX_LIMIT_LIST
        return features.transform_feedback.geometryStreams;
    }

-    /// Returns true if custom border colors can be created without a format.
-    bool IsCustomBorderColorUsable() const {
-        return extensions.custom_border_color &&
-               features.custom_border_color.customBorderColors &&
-               features.custom_border_color.customBorderColorWithoutFormat;
+    /// Returns true if the device supports VK_EXT_custom_border_color.
+    bool IsExtCustomBorderColorSupported() const {
+        return extensions.custom_border_color;
    }

-    /// Takes budget for samplers carrying a custom border color, false when exhausted.
-    bool TryReserveCustomBorderColorSamplers(size_t count) const;
+    /// Returns true if customBorderColors feature is available.
+    bool IsCustomBorderColorsSupported() const {
+        return features.custom_border_color.customBorderColors;
+    }

-    /// Gives back budget taken by TryReserveCustomBorderColorSamplers.
-    void ReleaseCustomBorderColorSamplers(size_t count) const;
+    /// Returns true if customBorderColorWithoutFormat feature is available.
+    bool IsCustomBorderColorWithoutFormatSupported() const {
+        return features.custom_border_color.customBorderColorWithoutFormat;
+    }

    /// Returns true if the device supports VK_EXT_color_write_enable.
    bool IsExtColorWriteEnableSupported() const {
@@ -729,12 +696,6 @@ FN_MAX_LIMIT_LIST
        return extensions.border_color_swizzle;
    }

-    /// Returns true if samplers must be carried with border color swizzle mapping.
-    bool NeedsBorderColorSwizzleMapping() const {
-        return extensions.border_color_swizzle &&
-               !features.border_color_swizzle.borderColorSwizzleFromImage;
-    }
-
    /// Returns true if borderColorSwizzleFromImage is available.
    bool IsBorderColorSwizzleFromImageSupported() const {
        return features.border_color_swizzle.borderColorSwizzleFromImage;
@@ -930,6 +891,8 @@ FN_MAX_LIMIT_LIST
        return has_broken_parallel_compiling;
    }

+    std::optional<size_t> GetSamplerHeapBudget() const;
+
    /// Returns the vendor name reported from Vulkan.
    std::string_view GetVendorName() const {
        return properties.driver.driverName;
@@ -958,6 +921,10 @@ FN_MAX_LIMIT_LIST
        return supports_d24_depth;
    }

+    bool CantBlitMSAA() const {
+        return cant_blit_msaa;
+    }
+
    bool MustEmulateScaledFormats() const {
        return must_emulate_scaled_formats;
    }
@@ -1181,8 +1148,6 @@ private:
        VkPhysicalDeviceSubgroupSizeControlProperties subgroup_size_control{};
        VkPhysicalDeviceTransformFeedbackPropertiesEXT transform_feedback{};
        VkPhysicalDeviceMaintenance5PropertiesKHR maintenance5{};
-        VkPhysicalDeviceDepthStencilResolveProperties depth_stencil_resolve{};
-        VkPhysicalDeviceCustomBorderColorPropertiesEXT custom_border_color{};

        VkPhysicalDeviceProperties properties{};
    };
@@ -1210,6 +1175,7 @@ private:
    bool has_nsight_graphics{};                ///< Has Nsight Graphics attached
    bool has_radeon_gpu_profiler{};            ///< Has Radeon GPU Profiler attached.
    bool supports_d24_depth{};                 ///< Supports D24 depth buffers.
+    bool cant_blit_msaa{};                     ///< Does not support MSAA<->MSAA blitting.
    bool must_emulate_scaled_formats{};        ///< Requires scaled vertex format emulation
    bool dynamic_state3_blending{};            ///< Has blending features of dynamic_state3.
    bool dynamic_state3_enables{};             ///< Has at least one enable feature of dynamic_state3.
@@ -1221,7 +1187,7 @@ private:
    bool dynamic_state3_alpha_to_coverage{};
    bool dynamic_state3_alpha_to_one{};
    bool supports_conditional_barriers{};      ///< Allows barriers in conditional control flow.
-    mutable std::atomic<size_t> custom_border_color_samplers_used{};
+    size_t sampler_heap_budget{};              ///< Sampler budget for buggy drivers (0 = unlimited).
    u64 device_access_memory{};                ///< Total size of device local memory in bytes.
    u32 sets_per_pool{};                       ///< Sets per Description Pool
    NvidiaArchitecture nvidia_arch{NvidiaArchitecture::Arch_AmpereOrNewer};
@@ -184,7 +184,6 @@ void Load(VkDevice device, DeviceDispatch& dld) noexcept {
    X(vkCreatePipelineLayout);
    X(vkCreateQueryPool);
    X(vkCreateRenderPass);
-    X(vkCreateRenderPass2);
    X(vkCreateSampler);
    X(vkCreateSemaphore);
    X(vkCreateShaderModule);
@@ -271,10 +270,6 @@ void Load(VkDevice device, DeviceDispatch& dld) noexcept {
    if (!dld.vkQueueSubmit2) {
        Proc(dld.vkQueueSubmit2, dld, "vkQueueSubmit2KHR", device);
    }
-
-    if (!dld.vkCreateRenderPass2) {
-        Proc(dld.vkCreateRenderPass2, dld, "vkCreateRenderPass2KHR", device);
-    }
 #undef X
 }

@@ -730,12 +725,6 @@ RenderPass Device::CreateRenderPass(const VkRenderPassCreateInfo& ci) const {
    return RenderPass(object, handle, *dld);
 }

-RenderPass Device::CreateRenderPass2(const VkRenderPassCreateInfo2& ci) const {
-    VkRenderPass object;
-    Check(dld->vkCreateRenderPass2(handle, &ci, nullptr, &object));
-    return RenderPass(object, handle, *dld);
-}
-
 DescriptorSetLayout Device::CreateDescriptorSetLayout(
    const VkDescriptorSetLayoutCreateInfo& ci) const {
    VkDescriptorSetLayout object;
@@ -300,7 +300,6 @@ struct DeviceDispatch : InstanceDispatch {
    PFN_vkCreatePipelineLayout vkCreatePipelineLayout{};
    PFN_vkCreateQueryPool vkCreateQueryPool{};
    PFN_vkCreateRenderPass vkCreateRenderPass{};
-    PFN_vkCreateRenderPass2 vkCreateRenderPass2{};
    PFN_vkCreateSampler vkCreateSampler{};
    PFN_vkCreateSemaphore vkCreateSemaphore{};
    PFN_vkCreateShaderModule vkCreateShaderModule{};
@@ -1046,8 +1045,6 @@ public:

    [[nodiscard]] RenderPass CreateRenderPass(const VkRenderPassCreateInfo& ci) const;

-    [[nodiscard]] RenderPass CreateRenderPass2(const VkRenderPassCreateInfo2& ci) const;
-
    [[nodiscard]] DescriptorSetLayout CreateDescriptorSetLayout(
        const VkDescriptorSetLayoutCreateInfo& ci) const;